BOUND POLARONS IN ASYMMETRIC QUANTUM WELLS IN AN ELECTRIC FIELD

We have proposed the Hamiltonian of a polaron bound to a donor impurity in semiconductor quantum wells (QWs) in the presence of an electric field. The couplings of an electron with the confined bulk like longitudinal optical (L₀) phonons, halfspace L₀ phonons and interface phonons are considered. In particular, the interaction of the impurity with the various phonon modes is also included. We have calculated the ionization energy of a bound polaron in Al_xl Ga_1-xl As/GaAs/Al_xr Ga_1-xr As asymmetric and symmetric QWs. Results are obtained as a function of the barrier height (or equivalently of Al concentration x),the well width, the electric field intensities and the position of impurity in the QWs. Our numerical calculations show clearly that the interaction between the impurity and the phonon field plays an important role in screening the Coulomb interaction. It is shown that for at hin well (＜12nm), the cumulative effects of the electronphonon coupling and the impurityphonon coupling can contribute appreciably to the donor ionization energy and polarizability.     

介电受限对量子点中受限激子的影响

在有效质量近似下,采用有限深势阱模型研究了强受限制范围内,介电受限对球形,立方形半 量子点中受限激子的影响,结果表明在考虑表面极化效应以后,量子点的形状对受限激子的影响是不可忽略的。     

极性晶体内表面电子的量子像势及其极化子的有效势

本文从与真空接触的存在二支声子的半无限极性晶体表面附近极化子的哈密顿算符入手，应用二支模型理论，分别对GaAs和ZnO两种材料计算了内表面电子的量子像势及其极化子的有效势。计算结果表明：当Z很小时，经典像势和半经典有效势分别与量子像势和量子有效势相差较大；当Z很大时，经典像势和半经典有效势分别是量子像势和量子有效势的一个很好的近似。     

一种改变光纤光栅布喇格波长的有效方法

本文报道了一种改变光纤光栅布喇格波长的有效方法。写于我氢光纤上的光纤光栅经过高温退火后,再利用紫外激光对其进行均匀曝光,不但能够有效改变其布喇格波长,而且还可以提高其反射效率。此种方法能很好地解决光纤光栅制作过程中的工作波长控制问题。     

一种有效的量子Monte Carlo模拟方法及其关于二维反铁磁Heisenberg模型的研究

提出一种关于二维反铁磁Heisenberg模型(AFMH)的Monte Carlo模拟新方法。该方法避免了对于相应三维经典自旋系统作模拟计算时的禁态问题和阻错困难。研究还表明,该方法在整个温度区域内的取样迭代效率高,克服了在连续极限下的临界慢化现象,使之能够在更低的温度下进行AFMH的数值研究。     

量子力学中的二维散射问题

研究了量子力学中的二维散射问题，讨论了分波法和Ｂｏｍ近似法，并计算了一些实例。     

QUANTUM DIFFUSION IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL OCTAGONAL QUASICRYSTALS

We have studied the quantum diffusion in an octagonal quasiperiodic tiling. Paticular attention is paid to the analysis of long-time behavior of the autocorrelation function C(t) and the relationship between diffusion and fractal dimensions of energy spectrum. For the pure hopping model, numerical calculations show that C(t)～t^-1 , which corresponds to the case of periodic systems. For the combined model, in which the contribution of site potentials is considered, C(t)～t^-δ with 0＜δ≤1. The scaling factor δ is related to Hamiltonian parameters and the type of site where electron is initially located. Moreover, we find a crossover from δ=1 to 0＜δ＜1 with increasing site potentials.     

AN EFFECTIVE TWO-LEVEL CHANNEL FOR AN IMPURITY IN A SUPERLATTICE

The eigenstates and eigenspectrum of a charged particle in a one-dimensional semiconductor superlattice with an impurity under the action of a dc electric field are investigated employing the single-band tight-binding model. We find that the system undergoes a series of avoided crossings, at which resonant oscillations between the impurity and its nearest neighbour occur if appropriate conditions are met, suggesting an effective two-level approximation. This phenomenon shows that introducing an impurity in a perfect lattice provides a promising structure for the observation of terahertz radiation.     

RECOMBINATION DYNAMICS IN ASYMMETRIC COUPLED QUANTUM WELL STRUCTURES

The time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) investigations of asymmetric coupled quantum well structures have been carried out in this paper. The experimental results show that for a wider interbarrier thickness the PL in the AlGaAs well will decay almost as a single exponential function, and for a thin interbarrier thickness the PL decay in the AlGaAs well is not a single exponential: the decay rate decreases gradually. These results indicate that when the tunneling becomes the main decay process in the AlGaAs well, the "effective mass filtering" phenomenon will be displayed in the PL decay process, which decreases the tunneling rate. At low temperature, the PL decay time increases with the increase of temperature. With further increase of temperature, the PL decay time decreases because of the increase of the tunneling rate and nonradiative recombination coefficient.     

超导量子比特中的量子跳跃方法

量子力学自建立以来很长一段时间被当作是描述系综运动的理论.但是上世纪80年代对冈禁离子和原子的研究观测到了量子跳跃现象,迫使人们发展了一些能够用于单量子系统的方法,其中之一就是量子跳跃方法.本文总结了我们近来把量子跳跃方法应用到以约瑟夫森隧道结为基础的超导量子比特的工作.我们不但实验观测到宏观量子系统中的量子跳跃,还可以利用量子跳跃现象来研究固体中普遍存在的两能级系统及其引起的超导量子比特中的退相干.     

ELECTRON-INTERFACE PHONON SCATTERING IN ASYMMETRIC SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM WELL STRUCTURES

Electron-interface phonon scattering rates in asymmetric single quantum well and step quantum well structures are calculated by means of the interaction Fr?hlich-like Hamiltonian between an electron and interface optical phonons in a four-layer heterostructure given re-cently. The intrasubband and intersubband electron scattering rates are given as functions of quantum well width, step width and step height. We have found that the electron scattering depends strongly on the potential parameters and the usual selection rules for these tran-sitions are broken down in asymmetric heterostructures; the interface LO modes are more important than the interface TO modes for the electron-interface phonons scattering in het-erostructures; the intrasubband scattering rates are insensitive functions of step width and step height, and the intersubband scattering rates are complicated functions of step height and step width in step quantum wells. Moreover, we have also observed that the scattering rates for intrasubband and intersubband transitions have no obvious changes in the case that the first or second subband energy level crosses the step height in a step quantum well.     

VARIATIONAL CALCULATION ON GROUND-STATE ENERGY OF BOUND POLARONS IN PARABOLIC QUANTUM WIRES

Within the framework of Feynman path-integral variational theory, we calculate the ground-state energy of a polaron in parabolic quantum wires in the presence of a Coulomb potential. It is shown that the polaronic correction to the ground-state energy is more sensitive to the electron－phonon coupling constant than the Coulomb binding parameter, and it increases monotonically with decreasing effective wire radius. Moreover, compared to the results obtained by Feynman Haken variational path-integral theory, we obtain better results within the Feynman path-integral variational approach (FV approach). Applying our calculation to several polar semiconductor quantum wires, we find that the polaronic correction can be considerably large.     

AN IMPROVED EFFECTIVE POTENTIAL APPROACH TO DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY BREAKING

We have developed, in this paper, a method for evaluating effective potential for local composite fields based on loop expansion by first renormalizing the generating functional of connected Green's functions and then making the Leqendre transformation. A consistency condition reflecting the fact that no condensate effect occurs at tree level is proposed, which plays an important role in this method. The method is illustrated through the Gross-Neveu model. This method can be applied to a wider class of models than can the auxiliary field method.     

通过纳米硅中量子点的共振隧穿

用纳米硅(nc-Si∶H)薄膜制成了隧道二极管，并在其I-V曲线上发现了不连续的量子化台阶.二极管的I-V曲线可分成二部分：(1)0—7V，电流随外加电压增大而增大；(2)7—9V，电流随外加电压急剧增大并出现三个量子化台阶.量子化台阶的出现直接与纳米硅中的晶粒有关，根据nc-Si∶H的独特结构，对载流子的传导通道进行了讨论；用通过nc-Si∶H中量子点的共振隧穿对I-V曲线进行了初步解释. 关键词：     

量子点中双极化子束缚能的研究

本文采用费曼路积分对量子点中大极化子的基态能进行了变分计算，得出了适用于较大范围的电声耦合区间和量子点限制势强度的双极化子束缚能。进一步通过数值计算以及理论分析研究了双极化子束缚能（BE）、介电常数比（η）、电声耦合常数（α）以及量子点限定势（Ω）这些物理量之间的关系。并得出结论：随限定势强度的增加，束缚能、临界电声耦合常数并不呈单一增大或减小，存在一个关键的限定势，当限定势到达该值时，最有利于双极化子的形成。     

固态磁共振中提高四极核检测灵敏度的有效方法

提出用多个单脉冲来激发四极核的磁共振信号，可以显著地提高谱线的信噪比，并对该方法在核磁共振与核四极共振中的应用详细地进行了讨论。 关键词：     

介电受限对CdSe量子点中受限激子的影响

在有效质量近似条件下,通过Wang和Zunger给出的CdSe量子点介电常量与其半径的关系,利用变分方法计算了该量子点中受限激子的基态能及束缚能.结果表明,在考虑量子点介电常量随尺度减小的变化以后,受限激子的束缚能增大,基态能降低,更接近实验值.同时,也讨论了量子点介电常量的尺度效应和表面极化效应对受限激子的影响. 关键词：     

量子Grover搜索在离子阱中的实现方案

本文在Cirac-Zoller模型的框架下,讨论在离子阱中如何实现多量子比特Grover搜索的方案。     

离子阱中实现两位量子搜寻的方案

该文首先讨论在离子阱中,如何利用红、蓝失谐跃迁来构造量子计算所需的各种幺正矩阵。然后利用这些矩阵提出了一个实现两位量子搜寻的方案。     

AN APPROACH TO RAYLEIGH MODEL OF EFFECTIVE CONDUCTIVITY TENSOR OF COMPOSITE

Using a new approach to Rayleigh model of composite, we obtain the complete solutions for many systems of orthorhombic., The evaluation of the effective conductivity tensor of the composite with anisotropic,structure,is also discussed in detail for the first time.