Phytoecdysteroids of plants of the genusRhaponticum I. Carthamosterone a fromRh. carthamoides

A new ecdysteroid — carthamosterone A — has been isolated from the seeds ofRhaponticum carthamoides. Its structure has been established from the results of spectral investigations.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 392–394, May–June, 1997.     

The seed oil of Catalpa. I

Summary 1. The fatty-acid compositions of the seed oils of catalpas cultivated in the Soviet Union have been studied.2. The oil content of the seeds is 21.2–36.7%, the refractive index 1.4905–1.5400, and the iodine number 184.8–201.7.3. The following fatty acids have been found in catalpa oil (%): palmitic — 1.3–4.3; stearic — 1.1–2.5; heneicosanoic — 0.5–5.2; oleic — 5.5–9.8; linoleic — 39.6–50.3; linolenic — 0.4–1.8; and eleostearic — 32.8–46.2.4. The most accurate results for characterizing the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids of the catalpa seed oils are given by Woburn's method of determining iodine numbers. The iodine numbers obtained experimentally agree with those calculated and consequently the addition of halogen to the system of double bonds takes place at all the double bonds.5. The degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids of catalpa oil characterized by the iodine numbers and refractive indices increases in the sequence of species southern, northern, teas, Chinese and has a tendency to rise on passing to more northerly zones, which is one more piece of evidence confirming the correctness of S. L. Ivanov's climatic theory of the structure of fats.Kalinin Polytechnic Institute. Moscow Branch of the All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Fats. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 331–337, May–June, 1977.     

Phytoecdysteroids of plants of the genusRaphonticum II. Carthamosterone b fromRh. carthamoides

The structure of a new ecdysteroid — carthamosterone B, isolated from the seeds ofRhaponticum carthamoides — has been established from an investigation of its spectral characteristics.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 395–396, May–June, 1997.     

Chemical modification of the tryptophan residues of the L-asparaginase of E. coli with N-bromosuccinimide

Summary The role of the tryptophan residues in the L-asparaginase molecule has been studied by the method of chemical modification with N-bromosuccinimide, and it has been established that in an acid medium this reagent modifies all four tryptophan residues present in the molecule, completely suppressing the activity of the enzyme.The substrate — L-asparagine — and a competing inhibitor — S-benzyl-N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-cysteine — protect the L-asparaginase from the action of N-bromosuccinimide, which shows the role of the tryptophan in the catalytic center of the L-asparaginase.Institute of Organic Synthesis, Academy of Sciences of the Latvian SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 228–231, March–April, 1975.     

Insect pheromones and their analogs. XIV. Synthesis of muscalure — The sex pheromone ofMusca domestica

A new route to the synthesis of tricos-9Z-one — the sex pheromone of the house fly — has been developed.Institute of Chemistry, Bashkir Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 401–403, May–June, 1985.     

Triterpene glycosides of Dianthus deltoides II. Structure of dianthoside C

Summary The structure of dianthoside C — a triterpene glycoside fromDianthus deltoides L. — has been established.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 420–425, July–August, 1971.     

Phytoecdysones ofAjuga turkestanica. III. The structure of turkesterone

Summary From the roots ofAjuga turkestanica (Rg1.) Briq. family Labiatae a new phytoecdysone — turkesterone — has been isolated. It has been shown that it is 1120R-dihydroxyecdysone.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 466–470, July–August, 1975.     

Alkaloids of a new type fromSophora alopecuroides L.

Summary The structures of aloperine and allylaloperine (fromSophora alopecuroides L.) — alkaloids of a new structural type for the genusSophora — have been established by chemical and spectral methods. A number of parameters, NMR spectra, and mass spectra characterizing this class of compounds has been obtained. The partial synthesis of allylaloperine has been performed.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 30–37, January–February, 1975.     

Triterpene glycosides of Gypsophila patrinii III. The structure of philoside B

Summary The structure of philoside B — a gypsogenin nonaoside isolated from the roots ofGypsophila patrinii — has been established.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan'Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Correspondence Institute of Soviet Commerce. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 603–607, September–October, 1974.     

Berberis alkaloids. XXXVII. Investigation of the alkaloids ofB. oblongata andB. integerrima. Crystal structure of 8-trichloromethyldihydroberberine

Two species of Berberis have yielded 10 isoquinoline alkaloids. In addition to known bases, two artifacts have been isolated — 8-trichloromethyldihydroberberine (I) and 8-trichloromethyldihydropalmatine. An x-ray structural analysis has been made of (1).Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 889–893, November–December, 1996. Original article submitted April 15, 1996.     

Products of phototransformation of provitamins D4 obtained from a mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. I. Irradiation in ethanol

The composition of the photolytic mixture formed on the irradiation of provitamin D₄ has been studied. Together with the main reaction products — vitamin D₄ and provitamin D₄ — a number of by-products were formed the structures of which have been established from their spectral characteristics.Lensoviet Leningrad Technological Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 247–254, March–April, 1989.     

An investigation of cottonseed globulins. XXI. The 11S globulins of two varieties of the cotton plant

The 11S globulins of two varieties of the cotton plant — 108-F and Tashkent-1 — have been studied. It has been shown that the 11S globulins do not differ in quaternary structure and each consists of three subunits A, B, and C. It has been found that the subunits of these varieties differ in their amino acid compositions and the peptide maps of tryptic and chymotryptic hydrolysates.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 680–684, September–October, 1979.     

Isolation and purification of biopolymers by affinity chromatography. VI. Preparation and properties of an affinity adsorbent with a polysaccharide spacer for the purification of proteolytic enzymes

A new affinity sorbent has been synthesized — soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI)-amylopectin-hydrazidosuccinyl-Sepharose — and its properties have been studied in comparison with those of an analogous adsorbent without the spacer STI-Sepharose. The STI-amylopectin-hydrazidosuccinyl-Sepharose adsorbent has been used for the purification of trypsin from porcine pancreas and of callicrein from human blood plasma.For Communication V, see [1].Institute of Biological and Medicinal Chemistry, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 556–560, July–August, 1980.     

Phospholipid and fatty acid composition of Echinodermata. I. ClassOphiuroidea

The phospholipid compositions of five species of marine ophiuroids belonging to the classOphiuroidea have been investigated. It has been shown that the phosphatidylethanolamines contain almost solely ether bonds in the first position of the glycerophospholipids. The amount of the plasmalogen form in the phosphatidylethanolamines averages 89.8% (82.3–96.2%) and the amount of the alkyl form 9.8% (3.8–17.7%). The compositions of the fatty acids, fatty aldehydes, and alkyl ethers in the two main classes of phospholipids — phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine — have been studied. The main acids found were eicosatetraenoic and eicosapentaenoic, the total amount of which was 53%. It has been shown that the ophiuroids can be used as promising objects for the investigation of the metabolism of alkoxylipids and for their preparative isolation.Volga Basin Ecological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Tol'yatti. Translated from Khimya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 547–551, September–October, 1986.     

Synthetic and modified isoflavonoids. XIII. Synthesis of analogues of fujikinin

Analogues of a natural isoflavone glycoside — fujikinin — have been synthesized. Their structures have been confirmed by their PMR spectra.Taras Shevenko Kiev University: KIEN, Karakalpak Division, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Nukus. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 347–351, May–June, 1994.     

Dioxane lignin from shoots of the cotton plant of variety 108-F. I

The dioxane lignin has been isolated by Pepper's method from two-week shoots of the cotton plant of variety 108-F and has been separated into two fractions — insoluble and soluble in ether — DLA-A and DLA-B, respectively. It has been shown that in the early stage of development of the cotton plant a low-molecular-weight lignin with a low degree of methoxylation and distinctly different from the lignin from ripe stems of the same cotton plant is synthesized.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 96–98, January–February, 1984.     

Seed proteins of Ricinus communis. III. Isolation and characterization of the two-component polypeptide chains of acid resins

It has been shown that the acid form of ricin — ricin T — consists of two nonidentical subunits: isoleucine and alanine subunits with molecular weights of 30 and 28 kDa, respectively. The isoelectric points, N- and C-terminal amino acids, and partial amino acid sequences of these subunits have been determined. The two subunits of ricin T have been found to exhibit differences from and similarities to ricins D and E.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 887–892, November–December, 1987.     

Phytoecdysteroids of plants of the genusSilene XX. Integristerone A 25-acetate fromSilene brahuica

A new ecdysteroid—integristerone A 25-acetate—has been isolated from the roots ofSilene brahuica Boiss. Its structure has been determined on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No 4, pp. 492–493, July–August, 1999.     

Triterpene glycosides ofAcanthophllum gypsophiloides VI. Structure of acanthophylloside D

Summary A new triterpene glycoside — acanthophylloside D — has been isolated from the roots ofAcanthophyllum gypsophiloides Rgl. It is a decaoside of quillaic acid containing O-glycosidic and O-acylosidic carbohydrate chains identical in structure with the analogous fragments of acanthophylloside B.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 176–180, March–April, 1979.     

Insect pheromones and their analogs. XI. Synthesis of 2,6-dimethylhepta-1,6-dien-3-ol acetate — The sex attractant ofPseudococcus comstocki

A new synthesis of 2,6-dimethylhepta-1,6-dien-3-ol acetate (I) — the sex attractant of The Comstock mealybug — has been developed.Institute of Chemistry, Bashkir Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Ufa. N. D. Zelinskii Institute of Organic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 259–261, March–April, 1985.