Upper bound on the hadronic light-by-light contribution to the muon g - 2

There are indications that hadronic loops in some electroweak observables are almost saturated by parton level effects. Taking this as the hypothesis for this work, we propose a genuine parton level estimate of the hadronic light-by-light contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, a(LBL)/(mu)(had). Our quark mass definitions and values are motivated in detail, and the simplicity of our approach allows for a transparent error estimate. For infinitely heavy quarks our treatment is exact, while for asymptotically small quark masses a(LBL)/(mu)(had) is overestimated. Interpolating, this suggests quoting an upper bound. We obtain a(LBL)/(mu)(had)<1.59x10;{-9} (95% C.L.).     

Hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon g - 2: an effective field theory approach

The hadronic light-by-light contribution to a(mu), the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, is discussed from the point of view of an effective low-energy theory. As an application, the coefficient of the leading logarithm arising from the two-loop graphs involving two anomalous vertices is computed, and found to be positive. This corresponds to a positive sign for the pion-pole contribution to the hadronic light-by-light correction to a(mu), and to a sizable reduction of the discrepancy between the present experimental value of a(mu) and its theoretical counterpart in the standard model.     

Pion pole contribution to hadronic light-by-light scattering and muon anomalous magnetic moment

We derive an analytic result for the pion pole contribution to the light-by-light scattering correction to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, a(mu) = (g(mu)-2)/2. Using the vector meson dominance model for the pion transition form factor, we obtain a(LBL,pi0)mu = +56x10(-11).     

Hadronic light-by-light contribution to muon g - 2 in chiral perturbation theory

We compute the hadronic light-by-light scattering contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment, a(LL)(mu)(had), in chiral perturbation theory that are enhanced by large logarithms and a factor of N(C). They depend on a low-energy constant constrained by eta-->mu(+) mu(-) and pi(0)-->e(+)e(-) branching ratios. However, the dependence of a(LL)(mu)(had) on nonlogarithmically enhanced effects cannot be constrained except through the measurement of the anomalous moment itself.     

Hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon g-2

We review recent developments concerning the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.We first discuss why fully off-shell hadronic form factors should be used for the evaluation of this contribution to the g-2.We then reevaluate the numerically dominant pion-exchange contribution in the framework of large-NC QCD,using an off-shell pion-photon-photon form factor which fulfills all QCD short-distance constraints,in particular,a new short-distance constraint on the off-shell form factor at the external vertex in g-2,which relates the form factor to the quark condensate magnetic susceptibility in QCD.Combined with available evaluations of the other contributions to hadronic light-by-light scattering this leads to the new result aLμb yL;had=(116±40)×10-11,with a conservative error estimate in view of the many still unsolved problems.Some potential ways for further improvements are briefly discussed as well.For the electron we obtain the new estimate aLe byL;had=(3.9±1.3)×10-14.     

Hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon g－2

We review recent developments concerning the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. We first discuss why fully off-shell hadronic form factors should be used for the evaluation of this contribution to the g- 2. We then reevaluate the numerically dominant pion-exchange contribution in the framework of large-No QCD, using an off-shell pion-photon-photon form factor which fulfills all QCD short-distance constraints, in particular, a new short-distance constraint on the off-shell form factor at the external vertex in g- 2, which relates the form factor to the quark condensate magnetic susceptibility in QCD. Combined with available evaluations of the other contributions to hadronic light-by-light scattering this leads to the new result αμ^LbyL;had= （116±40） × 10^-11, with a conservative error estimate in view of the many still unsolved problems. Some potential ways for further improvements are briefly discussed as well. For the electron we obtain the new estimate αe^LbyL;had= （3.9± 1.3） × 10^-14.     

New evaluation of muon (g − 2) hadronic anomaly

The hadronic part a_H of the muon g-factor anomaly $\text{a ≡}\text{(g ? 2)}\text{2}$ is evaluated from latest data on σ(e⁺e^? → hadrons). For a p-wave ππ scattering length of a₁ = 0.04±0.005 we calculate a_H = (66±10) × 10^?9, compared to a(experiment) ? a(QED) = (60±29) × 10^?9. Half of the uncertainty on a_H is associated with the energy interval $\text{0.92 <}\text{s}\text{< 2}\text{GeV}$.     

A fresh look at exotics

Simple quark model considerations suggest that the least massive oxotic mesons and baryons may occur close to the nucleon-antinucleon and nucleon-nucleon-antinucleon thresholds respectively. The fact that such channels are energetically open for the decay of these exotics means that both production and decay can proceed via allowed duality diagrams. We suggest three specific reactions which may permit their detection.     

Hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon magnetic anomaly: Constituent quark loops and QCD effects

The hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment can be estimated by computing constituent quark loops. Such an estimate is very sensitive to the numerical values of the constituent quark masses. These can be fixed by computing the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon magnetic anomaly within the same model. In this Letter, we demonstrate the stability of this framework against first-order perturbative QCD corrections.     

A fresh look at neutrino oscillations

We analyze the present experimental situation on neutrino oscillations in the standard weak interaction theory with three neutrinos. Sizeable oscillations ν_e ? ν_τ are compatible with, and perhaps indicated by, present data.     

Polarized light-by-light scattering at the CLIC induced by axion-like particles

In this study,light-by-light(LBL)scattering with initial polarized Compton backscattered photons at the CLIC,induced by axion-like particles(ALPs),is investigated.The total cross sections are calculated assuming CP-even coupling of the pseudoscalar ALP to photons.The 95%C.L.exclusion region for the ALP mass ma and its coupling constant f is presented.The results are compared with CLIC bounds previously obtained for the unpolar-ized case.It is shown that the bounds onf for the polarized beams in the region m_a=1000-2000 GeV with colli-sion energy of 3000 GeV and integrated luminosity of 4000 fb^-1are on average 1.5 times stronger than the bounds for the unpolarized beams.Moreover,our CLIC bounds are stronger than those for all current exclusion regions for m_a>80 GeV.In particular,they are more restrictive than the limits that follow from the ALP-mediated LBL scatter-ing at the LHC.     

Model-independent analysis of muon g(mu) - 2

We consider possible physics beyond the standard model that could account for the large recently reported [Muon g-2 Collaboration, H. N. Brown et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2227 (2001)] effect in g(mu)-2. If the underlying theory can be treated perturbatively, then the only possibilities are models that contain particles that yield "direct" contributions, e.g., supersymmetric models, models with unexpectedly light leptoquarks, or with a rather exotic heavy vector boson. If the underlying theory involves strong interactions, as in technicolor models, then the discrepancy could be accounted for by a variety of mechanisms.     

A fresh look at the statistical bootstrap model

A new interpretation of the statistical bootstrap model is proposed, on the basis of which the statistical bootstrap equation is modified. A deep relationship between the statistical bootstrap model and the Pomeranchuk model for multiple hadron production is established and as a result the significance of the volume V in the statistical bootstrap model is elucidated.     

A fresh look at generalized Veneziano amplitudes

The dual resonance model, which was a precursor of string theory was based upon the idea that two-particle scattering amplitudes should be expressible equivalently as a sum of contributions of an infinite number of s channel poles each corresponding to a finite number of particles with definite spin, or as a similar sum of t channel poles. The famous example of Veneziano [Nuovo Cimento A 57 (1968) 190] satisfies all these requirements, and is additionally ghost free. We recall other trajectories which provide solutions to the duality constraints, e.g. the general Mobiüs trajectories and the logarithmic trajectories, which were thought to be lacking this last feature. We however demonstrate, partly empirically, the existence of a regime within a particular deformation of the Veneziano amplitude for logarithmic trajectories for which the 4-point amplitude remains ghost free.