量子微腔中原子大质心动量转移问题

讨论了双模量子环形微腔中二能级原子与腔场相互作用的动力学问题,分析了量子微腔的双模腔场和原子质心交换动量的过程。通过控制双模光场的光子数,得到了原子质心运动可同时吸收或发射多个光子的结论,从而可以实现较大的原子质心动量转移过程,使原子分束效应更为显著。     

原子质心运动与暗态原子

本文利用高阶量子绝热近似方法讨论了量子微腔驻波场中三能级暗态原子与光场相互作用中原子质心运动对电子,光场系统动力学的影响。文章分析了绝热近似成立的条件以及非绝热因子对动力学演化的影响。文中还计算了原子在腔中的非绝热跃迁几率及各部分能量分布的平均值。     

等同双原子Jaynes-Cummings模型的量子特性及系统光谱

在全量子理论的背景下提出两个二能级原子分别与一单模腔场相互作用的系统模型,利用量子主方程和数值模拟计算等方法,研究该体系中腔场平均光子数、Mandel's Q因子及二阶量子相关度在非稳态时的变化规律。此外,对体系中原子及腔场中光谱结构进行了分析。结果表明:减小腔场耗散系数,增大原子间耦合系数,体系量子特性愈加明显。体系光谱呈现出Mollow三重峰结构,且原子辐射谱强度远大于腔场辐射谱强度。当原子跃迁频率与腔场跃迁频率为近共振时,Mollow峰值为三峰中最大值。此外,增大原子与腔场间耦合系数,可增大原子光谱的中峰强度;而增大腔场光谱的中峰强度,则需减小原子与腔场间耦合系数。     

无相互作用原子之间的纠缠和量子失协

研究两个无相互作用的二能级原子分别与单模热光场相互作用时的纠缠和量子失协动力学,重点讨论原子运动和腔体热环境温度对纠缠和量子失协的影响。结果表明:受原子运动和场模结构参数的影响,两原子的纠缠和量子失协周期性地演化;在原子纠缠消失处仍存在量子失协。此外,通过控制腔体热环境温度和场模结构参数可以实现对纠缠和量子失协的调控,使其得以保持。     

V形三能级原子的辐射压力和激光冷却

研究了压缩真空中V形三能级原子在单色行波场中的辐射压力和激光冷却. 从系统的哈密顿量出发,利用玻恩-马尔科夫近似,推导出了原子的光学布洛赫方程. 利用绝热近似,给出了平均辐射压力的表达式. 通过量子回归定理和爱因斯坦关系,给出了系统所达到的平衡温度的表达式. 讨论了量子相干强度、平均光子数和拉比频率对原子的自发辐射压力和冷却的最终温度的影响. 结果表明:低于多普勒极限的温度可以获得. 关键词： 压缩真空 自发辐射 量子干涉     

双光子过程原子与耦合腔相互作用中的量子失协

研究原子与耦合腔相互作用系统,考虑每个腔囚禁一个二能级原子,原子与腔场发生共振相互作用,腔场也相互耦合的情况;采用量子失协几何度量方法—几何量子失协,来度量两个子系统间的量子失协.利用数值计算方法给出了量子失协的演化曲线,讨论了腔场间耦合系数变化对量子失协的影响.研究结果表明:随腔场间耦合系数增大,两原子间量子失协增大,而原子与腔场间或两腔场间的量子失协却减小.     

用激光-二能级原子系统实现一位通用量子逻辑门

使用代数动力学方法，对激光-二能级原子系统的含时薛定谔方程进行求解.该系统哈密顿量具有SU(2)代数结构，得到了严格解.基于严格解，适当调节单模激光场的频率和振幅以及短脉冲激光与二能级原子的二阶虚光子作用强度，可实现一位通用量子逻辑门. 关键词： 代数动力学 激光-二能级原子系统 一位量子逻辑门     

利用原子-腔场共振相互作用制备多原子缠结态

提出了一个利用量子腔场与原子的共振相互作用制备多原子缠结态的方案.首先将一个初态制备在基态和激发态的叠加态的二能级原子注入一个真空态腔场中.原子通过腔时产生原子-场缠结.制备于基态的其它二能级原子分别以不同角度注入腔场,在与腔场相互作用时可制得多原子缠结态,而空腔仍然保持在真空态.与现存的方案比较,该方案在实验上更容易实现.     

原子与耦合腔相互作用系统中的纠缠特性

本文研究将两个二能级原子分别注入耦合腔A和B中,并且原子与腔场发生共振相互作用的情况.采用Negativity熵度量两子系统间的纠缠,利用数值计算方法研究了两个原子之间、腔内原子与腔场之间和两个腔场之间的纠缠性质.讨论了腔场间的耦合强度对纠缠特性的影响.研究结果表明:随腔场间耦合的增强,两原子间的纠缠增强,而原子与腔场间和两腔场间的纠缠减弱. 关键词： 量子光学 二能级原子 耦合腔 量子纠缠     

具有原子运动的双光子J-C模型中量子力学通道与量子互熵

用量子信息理论研究具有原子运动的双光子Jaynes_Cumming模型动力学.给出了该模型中表示原子态变化的量子力学通道，导出了量子互熵和原子约化熵，考察了原子运动及场模结构对量子互熵的影响，以及原子量子力学通道“开启”与“关闭”状态和原子与场纠缠程度的关系.结果表明量子力学通道特性强烈依赖于原子运动、场模结构以及原子与场的纠缠. 关键词： 双光子J_C模型 原子运动 量子互熵 量子约化熵 量子学通道     

Fluctuation-induced electromagnetic interaction of a moving particle with a plane surface

The most general (nonrelativistic) formulas for the force of attraction to the surface and for the drag of a nonrelativistic atom moving parallel to it, as well as for the lateral and normal forces acting on a moving dipole molecule and on a charged particle (in the case of parallel and perpendicular motion), are derived for the first time in the framework of the fluctuational electromagnetic theory. The dependences of these forces on the velocity, temperature, separation, and dielectric properties of the atom and the surface are derived. The effect of the nondissipative resonance interaction between a moving neutral atom and the field of surface plasmons, as well as the possible emergence of a positive (accelerating) force acting on the atom (nanoprobe), is substantiated theoretically. The role of dynamic fluctuational forces and their possible experimental measurement when using the quartz microbalance technique and an atomic-force microscope (in the dynamic mode), as well as during deceleration of atomic beams in open nanotubes, are considered. The correctness of the obtained results is confirmed by their agreement with most of the available theoretical relations derived by other authors.     

Geometric Phase in the Interaction System of Multi-atom in Micro-cavity with Single-mode Photon Field

By using the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant theory, we have studied the dynamical and the geometric phases in the interaction system of multi-atom in micro-cavity with single-mode photon field. We find that the geometric phases in a cycle case have nothing to do with the frequency of the photon field, the coupling coefficient between photons and atoms, and the atom transition frequency.     

高精细度光学微腔中原子的偶极俘获

利用梯度光场产生的光学偶极力对原子的作用是实现原子俘获的重要途径.分析高精细 度光学微腔中的偶极阱，讨论了由腔内驻波场、侧向和横向约束光构成光学势阱的特性，说 明在高精细度光学微腔中可以产生尺度为亚微米，阱深为mK量级的纯光学阱，并获得单原子 与光场的强耦合作用.还讨论了激光线宽对微腔中偶极阱阱深的影响. 关键词： 光学微腔 偶极俘获 单原子     

Exact results on cavity cooling in a system of a two-level atom and a cavity field

Using the algebraic dynamical method, this paper investigates the laser cooling of a moving two-level atom coupled to a cavity field. Analytical solutions of optical forces and the cooling temperatures are obtained. Considering Rb atoms as an example, it finds that the numerical results are relevant to the recent experimental laser cooling investigations.     

腔内单原子的激光冷却、囚禁与操控实验及其最新进展

本文综述了腔内单原子的激光冷却、囚禁与操控的基本原理、实验方案和结果及其最新进展,并介绍了腔内单原子激光操控实验的最新进展及其在腔内量子电动力学(腔内QED)效应、亚泊松光子统计、单原子激光、量子态制备、单光子源和量子信息处理等研究中的应用。     

Dynamical Casimir–Polder atom-surface interaction

We have calculated dynamical Casimir–Polder force between a moving ground state atom and a flat polarizable surface. The velocity of an atom can be close to the velocity of light. The material properties are taken into account using a single oscillator model of the atomic dynamic polarizability and the Drude dielectric function of a metal substrate. The limit cases of nonrelativistic velocities and an ideal metal substrate are also considered. We have found specific dependence of the calculated forces on the velocity (energy), distance and material properties.     

运动强度相关耦合J-C模型中的熵交换和纠缠

考虑一个运动的二能级原子与单模热光场强度相关耦合,采用量子约化熵研究原子和场的约化熵变化规律、原子与场的熵交换,用共生纠缠度研究原子与场的纠缠。并借助于数值计算方法,详细分析了在强度相关耦合J-C模型中,原子初态、热光场的平均光子数以及场模结构参数对熵交换和纠缠的影响。结果表明原子与光场的熵交换和纠缠均周期性地演化。选择适当的原子初态,可以使得原子的约化熵和光场的约化熵完全交换,这意味着原子与光场反相关。此外,场模结构参数增加导致熵交换的幅度减小,周期缩短。原子与热光场的纠缠随平均光子数的增加而减弱。     

Coherent scattering of an atom in the field of a standing wave under conditions of initial quantum correlation of subsystems

Coherent scattering of a two-level atom in the field of a quantized standing wave of a micromaser is considered under conditions of initial quantum correlation between the atom and the field. Such a correlation can be produced by a broadband parametric source. The interaction leading to scattering of the atom from the nonuniform field occurs in the dispersion limit or in the wing of the absorption line of the atom. Apart from the quantized field, the atom simultaneously interacts with two classical counterpropagating waves with different frequencies, which are acting in the plane perpendicular to the atom’s propagation velocity and to the wavevector of the standing wave. Joint action of the quantized field and two classical waves induces effective two-photon and Raman resonance interaction on the working transition. The effective Hamiltonian of the interaction is derived using the unitary transformation method developed for a moving atom. A strong effect is detected, which makes it possible to distinguish the correlated initial state of the atom and the field in the scattering of atom from the state of independent systems. For all three waves, scattering is not observed when systems with quantum correlation are prepared using a high-intensity parametric source. Conversely, when the atom interacts only with the nonuniform field of the standing wave, scattering is not observed in the case of the initial factorized state.     

Steady and optimal entropy squeezing for three types of moving three-level atoms coupled with a single-mode coherent field

The entropy squeezing properties of different types of moving three-level atoms coupled with a single-mode coherent field are studied. The influences of the moving velocity and initial states of the three-level atom on the entropy squeezing are discussed. The results show that, the entropy squeezing properties of the three-level atom depend on its initial state, moving velocity, and the type. A stationary three-level atom can not obtain a steady entropy squeezing whatever initial conditions are chosen, while a moving three-level atom can achieve a steady and optimal entropy squeezing through choosing higher velocity and appropriate initial state. Our result provides a simple method for preparing squeezing resources with ultra-low quantum noise of the three-level atomic system without additional any complex techniques.     

多普勒型原子干涉仪的理论探讨

通过分析运动三能级原子与驻波激光场的斜交相互作用，设计了两种原子干涉仪．通过对原子波在这两种干涉仪中分裂、偏转和重合等全过程的分析，证明当原子和光场满足一定条件时，原子不同内态间的干涉效应将产生．最后对利用这两种方法实现和观察原子波的干涉在理论上作了一些探讨 关键词：