惰气熔融-红外吸收光谱法测定镧铈稀土钢中氧含量

高品质稀土钢要求进行精确低氧含量控制,而依据现有GB/T11261-2006标准进行氧含量测定,检测结果具有较大的不准确性。本研究以具有不同镧、铈稀土元素含量的稀土钢为对象,以其氧含量精确测定为目标,基于惰气熔融-红外吸收法,开展了分析功率、助熔剂和称样量对镧铈稀土钢中氧含量分析结果的影响研究。结果表明,对于不同镧、铈元素含量的稀土钢,需要采用不同的分析方法：当稀土钢中的镧、铈含量较低时,通过降低分析功率即可较为精确的测定稀土钢中的氧含量;对于镧、铈含量较高的稀土钢,在调控分析功率（分析功率在4000W～4500W）的基础上,需同时采用锡作为助熔剂,并将助熔剂与样品比例设定为1:1（称样量为0.3g～0.6g）,即可实现氧含量的精确测定。精密度验证实验结果显示,采用本研究所建立的方法,氧含量测试结果相对标准偏差（RSD）小于8.0%;采用钢标样进行回收率实验,回收率值在97%～108%,而加标回收率略有升高的原因在于助熔剂Sn降低了合金熔点,使少量难熔氧化物中的氧得到更充分释放。本研究所建立的分析方法可准确测定不同镧、铈元素含量稀土钢中的氧含量。     

惰气熔融-红外光谱法测定7LiF中的氧含量

7LiF是制备熔盐堆冷却剂7LiF-BeF2熔盐的基础原材料,其杂质含量的多少与熔盐纯度及应用性能直接相关。采用惰气熔融-红外吸收法,建立了熔盐堆用7LiF中杂质氧含量测定的新方法。考察了不同助熔剂和加热功率等条件对7LiF中氧含量的影响,找到了较好的 7LiF中氧含量测定方法。在分析功率为2200W,用银舟做助熔剂,称样量为0.1 g的条件下对7LiF试样进行了测定,氧的相对标准偏差为2.9%;加标回收率为103-110%。结果表明,本测定方法易操作,速度快,能满足7LiF生产过程中的质量控制要求,为第四代先进核能反应堆用7LiF规模化制备提供了有力的技术支持。     

惰性气体熔融-热导法测定硅材料中的氧

采用惰性气体熔融–热导法测定硅材料中杂质氧的含量。经试验确定了仪器的最佳分析条件:称样量为0.05～0.15g,分析功率为4 500 W,使用镍助熔剂、座坩埚;采用(30+40)s二次腐蚀方法处理助熔剂,以降低助熔剂的空白值。选择与待测试样性质类似、氧含量接近的标准物质校正仪器,氧的质量在0.01～0.30 mg之间与信号积分面积呈良好的线性,线性相关系数r=0.999 8,方法检出限为27μg/g。对氧含量不同的硅材料试样进行测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.5%～3.4%(n=11),加标回收率为96.2%～99.2%。该方法操作简单快捷,测定结果准确。     

惰气熔融-热导法测定钕铁硼永磁材料中的氢

建立惰气熔融-热导法测定钕铁硼永磁材料中氢的分析方法。当氧-氢比例大于50:1时,CO对氢的测定结果产生一定的干扰,加入舒茨试剂可消除此干扰。采用标准坩埚,称样0.05g,熔融功率为2.85 kW,选择高纯镍篮和锡片做助熔剂,钕铁硼中氢释放完全。以普通钢铁参考物质建立氢校准曲线,线性相关系数r～2=0.9999,检出限为0.75μg/g。该法用于钕铁硼样品中氢的测定,测定结果与脉冲熔融飞行时间质谱-气体元素分析仪测定结果基本一致,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.4%(n=5)。该方法可以准确测定钕铁硼永磁材料中的氢,能满足日常分析的要求。     

惰性气体熔融–红外光谱法测定硅中的氧

采用惰性气体熔融–红外吸收光谱法测定硅中的氧,选择锡囊和镍篮做助熔剂,样品称样量为0.05 g,分析功率为4.5 kW。实验结果表明,样品释放完全,测定结果的相对标准偏差为4.67%(n=5),用GSBH 40104–1996标准样品进行加标回收试验,回收率为94%~104%,精密度和准确度满足测定要求。     

惰性熔融-红外吸收/热导法测定高铍铍铝合金中氧氮

建立红外吸收/热导法同时测定高铍铍铝合金中氧氮的含量。称取0.03～0.04 g试样,以带盖镍囊(Φ7mm×6 mm)包裹,使用0.1 g纯铜助熔剂及0.05 g纯锡助熔剂为混合浴料,在4 500 W的分析功率下,高纯氦气氛中熔融释放气体,通过红外吸收池测定氧含量,热导池测定氮含量。对氧质量分数为0.217%～0.546%及氮质量分数为0.005 8%～0.012 0%的试样进行测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为1.07%～3.00%(n=8)与4.55%～4.94%(n=8),氧的加标回收率为97.1%～103.8%,氮的加标回收率为95.9%～104.4%。该方法操作简单快捷,测定结果准确。     

脉冲熔融-飞行时间质谱法测定Ti-Al合金中氩

以标准气体参考物质为依据绘制氩校准工作曲线,利用脉冲熔融-飞行时间质谱法建立了准确测定钛铝合金中氩的分析方法。通过程序升温法确定钛铝合金中氩可以在分析功率为2800W时完全释放。并对比了助熔剂和称样量等分析条件对实验结果的影响,结果表明,采用高纯镍篮,钛铝合金中氩释放完全。脉冲熔融-飞行时间质谱法测定的结果与传统脉冲熔融-热导法测定结果基本一致。     

脉冲熔融-飞行时间质谱法测定Ti-Al合金中氩

以标准气体参考物质为依据绘制氩校准工作曲线,利用脉冲熔融-飞行时间质谱法建立了准确测定钛铝合金中氩的分析方法。通过程序升温法确定钛铝合金中氩可以在分析功率为2 800W时完全释放。并对比了助熔剂和称样量等分析条件对实验结果的影响,结果表明,采用高纯镍篮,钛铝合金中氩释放完全。脉冲熔融-飞行时间质谱法测定的结果与传统脉冲熔融-热导法测定结果基本一致。     

脉冲加热-红外吸收光谱法测定钒铝合金中氢

对脉冲加热-红外吸收法测定钒铝合金中氢的分析方法进行了研究。通过实验对分析功率、称样量和校正标样等测试条件进行了讨论。实验表明钒铝合金中的氢易释放,对于AlV85样品中氢,热提取法和熔融法测定结果一致;但AlV50样品中氢,热提取法的结果略高于熔融法,故实验中选用热提取法测定钒铝合金中氢量。热提取法用0.75g金属锡作助熔剂,于4.0kW分析功率条件下测定钛标准样品中氢来确定氢工作曲线的校正系数,在1.5kW分析功率下测定钒铝合金中氢,测定结果与高频感应-热导法(用5g钢标准样品对氢的测定进行校正)结果吻合。对3个钒铝合金中氢量进行了测定,结果的相对标准偏差为2.2%～6.5%(n=8)。     

脉冲熔融-红外/热导法测定钛合金粉末微注射成形脱脂坯中氧氮氢

准确测定钛合金粉末微注射成形脱脂坯中氧氮氢含量对钛合金的粉末微注射工艺改进有很大指导作用。采用工业镍板经过表面打磨、酸洗、加工成固定质量的镍粒来代替市售的镍助熔剂,通过自制镍粒预先加入设备预脱气减少空白影响的方式建立了脉冲熔融-红外/热导法测定钛合金粉末微注射成形的脱脂坯中氧氮氢含量的方法。实验表明,镍粒助熔剂与石墨坩埚经二次脱气,可确保镍粒助熔剂的空白降至极低值以代替市售的镍篮、镍屑等助熔剂。钛合金粉末微注射成形脱脂坯采用振动磨形式加工至0.178 mm以下,镍粒的加入量为1.5 g,分析功率为5 300 W时,可以获得稳定准确的结果。采用实验方法对脱脂坯实际样品进行测定,其相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)分别为0.080%～0.47%、0.28%～1.3%和1.6%～2.0%;采用加入钛合金标准样品进行加标回收实验,氧氮氢加标回收率分别在95.7%～104%、97.8%～100%及96.6%～103%。方法满足脱脂坯中的氧氮氢快速检测要求的同时,极大地降低了分析成本。     

惰气熔融-红外光谱法测定镨钕镝中的氧

研究了惰性气体-红外光谱法测定镨钕镝合金中的氧,采用石墨套坩埚和高纯镍篮,在4500W的分析功率下,对0.1g实际样品进行分析,取得了满意的效果。实验结果表明,样品释放完全,测定结果相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为1.9%,以GSBH40104—1996标准样品(ω(O)/%=0.00943)进行加标回收实验,回收率测量结果为95%～108%。     

高频燃烧红外吸收光谱法测定铪合金中碳

通过对称样量、助熔剂、最短分析时间和比较器水平、分析功率等条件进行了优化选择,建立了高频燃烧红外碳硫分析仪对铪合金中碳含量的分析方法。确定采用称样量为0.4g,助熔剂选择为Fe+Sn+W=0.5g+0.1g+1.3g,最短分析时间为45s,比较器水平为1,分析功率选择100%的条件对铪合金中碳含量进行测定。方法用于测定铪合金实际样品中碳的相对标准偏差(RSD)为5.0%,加标回收率为99%～102%。方法重复性好,准确度高,在实际操作中切实可行。     

Quantitative analysis of trace bulk oxygen in silicon wafers using an inert gas fusion method.

This paper describes a method for removing oxide film from the surface of silicon wafers using an inert gas fusion impulse furnace and precise determination of bulk oxygen within the wafer. A silicon wafer was cut to about 0.35 g (6 x 13 x 2 mm) and dropped into a graphite crucible. The sample was then heated for 40 s at 1300 degrees C. The wafer's oxide film was reduced by carbon and removed as carbon monoxide. The treated silicon sample was taken out of the graphite crucible and maintained again with the holder of the oxygen analyzer. The graphite crucible was then heated to 2100 degrees C. The treated silicon sample was dropped into the heated graphite crucible and the trace bulk oxygen in the wafer was measured using the inert gas fusion infrared absorption method. The relative standard deviations of the oxygen in silicon wafer samples with the removed surface oxide film were determined to be 0.8% for 9.8 x 10(17) atoms/cm3, and 2.7% for 13.0 x 10(17) atoms/cm3.     

氧瓶-离子色谱法测定树脂中的卤素和硫元素

含有卤素和硫元素的树脂样品经氧瓶法燃烧分解，用含H2O2的去离子水溶液吸收，离子色谱法分离测定．本法简便、快速，特别适于测定树脂中不活泼的卤族元素，且可同时测定。CI、S的相对标准偏差分别为0．22%,0．36％，最大绝对误差分别为0．43％和0．80％。树脂中CI、S的含量在0．28mmol/g～14mmol／g内可用此法准确测定，其最低检测限为0．05mmol／g。     

Vacuum fusion determination of oxygen in gadolinium,terbium metal and iron-terbium alloy

The extraction conditions for the accurate determination of oxygen in gadolinium, terbium and iron-terbium alloy using vacuum fusion analysis were studied. The influence of the gettering effect, the analyzing temperature and the weight ratio of the bath metal to the sample were investigated. Oxygen values of gadolinium and terbium were measured by the graphite crucible, the graphite capsule, the tin bath, the iron-tin bath and the platinum-tin bath techniques in the temperature range of 1500–2100 °C using vacuum fusion analysis. These oxygen values were compared with those obtained by inert gas fusion analysis. In inert gas fusion analysis, the samples were analyzed with iron and tin in a tin capsule, and the samples with platinum in a tin capsule were analyzed in a graphite capsule enclosing with carbon powder. Oxygen values of both metal samples in the graphite capsule at 2000 °C, with an iron-tin bath at 1850 °C and a platinum-tin bath at 2000 °C in vacuum fusion analysis, were respectively in good agreement within their errors; the oxygen values of gadolinium were also in good agreement with that from inert gas fusion analysis in the iron-tin bath, but those of terbium were not in agreement. This agreement for gadolinium guarantees the reliability of the conditions for the accurate determination, and the difference of oxygen values for terbium suggests a need for further consideration on the conditions of the inert gas fusion analysis.     

Simultaneous determination of oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen in metals by pulse heating and time of flight mass spectrometric method

The inert gas fusion and infrared absorption and thermal conductivity methods are widely used for quantitative determination of oxygen(O), nitrogen(N) and hydrogen(H) in metals. However, O, N and H cannot be determined simultaneously with this method in most cases and the sensitivity cannot meet the requirement of some new metal materials. Furthermore, there is no equipment or method reported for determination of Argon(Ar) or Helium(He) in metals till now. In this paper, a new method for simultaneous quantitative determination of O, N, H and Ar(or He) in metals has been described in detail, which combined the pulse heating inert gas fusion with time of flight mass spectrometric detection. The whole analyzing process was introduced, including sample retreatment, inert gas fusion, mass spectral line selection, signal acquisition, data processing and calibration. The detection limit, lower quantitative limit and linear range of each element were determined. The accuracy and precision of the new method have also been verified by measurements of several kinds of samples. The results were consistent with that obtained by the traditional method. It has shown that the new method is more sensitive and efficient than the existing method.