Trends and challenges in heterocyclic chemistry (review)

This review was given as a plenary report to the Fourth All-Union Conference on the Chemistry of Nitrogen Heterocycles held in Novosibirsk in 1987, and treats the major trends and challenges in modern heterocyclic chemistry.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 3–23, January, 1989.     

Use of 2-bromoacetylbenzofurans in heterocyclic synthesis (review)

Data on the synthesis of 2-bromoacetylbenzofurans and their reactions are reviewed.     

The Mitsunobu reaction in the chemistry of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. The formation of heterocyclic systems (review)

Methods for the design of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic systems involving the formation of C-N bonds under the conditions of the Mitsunobu reaction are discussed. Dedicated to Afanasi Andreevich Akhrem on his 95th birthday. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 347–385, March, 2008.     

Use of sulfonium ylides in the synthesis of heterocyclic systems (review)

The literature on the use of sulfur ylides in the synthesis of heterocyclic systems of varied structure is reviewed. The possible preparative value of these reactions is discussed.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 147–173, February, 1990.     

1,4-Electrocyclic reactions in the chemistry of four-membered carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds (review)

The electrocyclic reactions of four-atom compounds are examined. The diversity of the mechanisms of cyclizations and the synthetic utilization of 1,4-electrocyclizations of derivatives and heteroanalogs of butadiene is demonstrated. Special attention was directed to the transformation of the heterocyclic compounds.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 9, pp. 1155–1173, September, 1993.     

Thermal and photochemical 1,3-electrocyclic reactions in the chemistry of three-membered heterocyclic compounds (review)

Recent data on thermal and photochemical 1,3-electrocyclic reactions are examined and systematized.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1443–1457, November, 1989.     

Reactivities of heterocyclic quinoneimines (review)

Data on the reactions of phenazine, phenoxazine, and phenothiazine derivatives in which the bridge nitrogen atom is included in a quinoneimine fragment are correlated. The effect of the nature of the second bridge heteroatom, benzo annelation, and activation of the substrate and the reagent on the reactivities of the heterocyclic quinoneimines cited above is discussed.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1011–1030, August, 1989.     

Investigations in heterocyclic chemistry

With the acid condensation of diarylglycolic benzylanilides as an example, it has been shown that the predominant formation of a fivemembered ring rather than a six-membered ring takes place even in the case where the internal structure of the anilide permits the simultaneous formation of both rings. It has also been shown that it is possible to determine the size of the ring formed on condensation from the UV and IR spectra, and the presence of hydrogen bonds in the arylamides of diarylglycolic acids and the formation of the lactim form and of the quatenary ammonium salt of the base of 3, 3-diphenyloxindole in solutions of sodium ethoxide and concentrated H₂SO₄, respectively, have been confirmed.For part XLIII, see [17].     

Asymmetric catalysis involving heterocyclic compounds (review)

The newest advances in the realization of asymmetric reactions with the aid of both heterogeneous and metal-complex catalysts are examined. Heterocyclic compounds are used as prochiral substrates and chiral ligands in the compositions of the catalysts. Chief attention is directed to the relationship between the enantioselectivity and the structures of the heterocyclic compounds.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 291–303, March, 1983.     

Phase transfer catalysis in the chemistry of heterocyclic compounds. A review

This review covers new data on the use of phase transfer catalysis in the chemistry of heterocyclic compounds. The following reactions are considered: alkylation, acylation, reactions with dihalocarbenes, preparations of ethers and esters, the formation of halo derivatives, oxidation and reduction, and isotope exchange. The advantages of phase transfer catalysis are examined and the prospects for its further development in heterocyclic chemistry are discussed.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1443–1459, November, 1983.     

Synthesis of pyrroles from heterocyclic compounds (review)

Current information on methods of forming a pyrrole ring from heterocyclic compounds is systematized and generalized. Reaction schemes are discussed.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 291–308, March, 1989.     

Biologically active heterocyclic analogs of thiourea (review)

The results of research carried out in the Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinals (Budapest, Hungary) are correlated. The structures of 2-aminothiazolines, which can exist in the tautomeric 2-iminothiazolidine form, and of the corresponding analogs of the thiazine series and their acyl derivatives are discussed. A new method for the synthesis of 3-aryl-substituted 2-iminothiazolidines and 2-iminoperhydro-1,3-thiazines is examined. Data on the biological activity of some of the investigated compounds are presented.For example, it is known that 2-(octahydro-1-azocinyl)ethylguanidine (guanethidine) has excellent antihypertensive properties [6–8].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 878–888, July, 1978.     

Thermotropic liquid crystals in the heterocyclic series (review)

The available literature data on mesomorphic compounds that contain heterorings are correlated, and a brief account of the general concepts of liquid crystals and their types and properties is given. The liquid crystal properties of mesogenic derivatives of six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycles are compared with the properties of their benzene analogs. The chief requirement for the potentially mesogenic molecule, viz., a high degree of geometrical anisotropy is illustrated in the case of five-membered and condensed heterocycles.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 3–18, January, 1980.     

Ethyl carboethoxyformimidate in heterocyclic chemistry

The reactions of ethyl carboethoxyformimidate with various bidentate reagents illustrate its usefulness as a reagent in heterocyclic chemistry.     

Utilization of azomethines in syntheses of heterocyclic compounds (review)

Methods for obtaining nitrogen-containing heterocycles in which one of the starting compounds is an azomethine are examined.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 5–32, January, 1990.