杉木针叶磷脂酰甘油脂肪酸组成分析

用改进的DEAE阴离子交换柱色谱法和硅胶薄层色谱法分离制备杉木针叶磷脂酸甘油，用气相色谱法测定了它的脂肪酸组成。分析结果表明，抗寒性强的杉木品种的针叶磷脂酰甘油脂肪酸的（18:1＋18:2＋18:3）／[16:0＋16:1（3t）]比值比不抗寒品种的高。     

在线热辅助甲基化-气相色谱法分析棉籽仁中的脂肪酸组成

建立了分析棉籽仁中脂肪酸组成的在线热辅助甲基化-气相色谱法。将0.3 mg棉籽仁样品与2 μ L三甲基氢氧化硫（0.2 mol/L）加入裂解器,在350℃下进行甲基化反应,通过气相色谱仪进行分离分析,共检测到8种脂肪酸甲酯成分,分别为亚油酸（C18：2）、油酸（C18：1）、棕榈酸（C16：0）、硬脂酸（C18：0）、肉豆蔻酸（C14：0）、棕榈油酸（C16：1）、花生酸（C20：0）和二十二酸（C22：0）,不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量为66.30%~72.54%,其中亚油酸的相对含量为43.20%~53.61%,相对峰面积的相对标准偏差（RSD）小于10%（n=5）。通过分析5组棉籽仁样品与3种食用油中的脂肪酸组成,结果表明不同产地的棉籽仁中的脂肪酸组成差异不明显,且棉籽仁中的脂肪酸组成与玉米油最为接近,相似度为0.960~0.992。该方法简单、快速、准确,适合分析棉籽仁中的脂肪酸组成。     

分光光度法测定棉油油脚皂化黑水中甘油的含量

1引言利用棉油油脚提取脂肪酸,所得皂化黑水中除甘油外,还含有较多的无机盐、磷脂、脂肪酸盐、蛋白质、色素及油脂等。用常规化学分析法（加重铬酸钾法、过磷酸钾法）测定其中甘油的含量,需除去杂质,操作繁琐。我们使甘油与新制氢氧化铜作用得甘油铜,用分光光度计测定甘油铜溶液在63（）n处的吸光度,用工作曲线法确定甘油的含量。2实验部分2．且主要仪器与试剂721分光光度计（上海第三分析仪器厂）;甘油,硫酸铜,氢氧化钠。试剂均为分析纯,水为蒸馏水。2．2黑水预处理准确称取200刀g皂化黑水,加入约3．2mL37％的盐酸,至黑水pH二…     

聚甘油脂肪酸酯的结构鉴定

该文采用傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱（FT－ICR－MS）、核磁共振氢谱（1H NMR）以及气相色谱－质谱（GC－MS）技术,对聚甘油脂肪酸酯的结构进行鉴定。样品溶解后进行FT－ICR－MS测定,根据精确分子离子数据,推测出聚甘油脂肪酸酯的基本结构以及甘油的聚合度,并采用1H NMR进行了验证。将聚甘油脂肪酸酯水解后,对脂肪酸部分进行甲酯化,经正庚烷萃取,由GC－MS测定,分析脂肪酸的组成。综合以上结果最终确定了聚甘油脂肪酸酯的结构。该研究为聚合物的结构鉴定提供了一种新的思路和方法。     

气相色谱分析虫霉菌液体中的脂肪酸

研究了气相色谱测定虫霉菌液体中脂肪酸的分析方法。样品经石油醚－苯混合溶剂提取，用KOH－CH3OH溶液进行甲酯比，用GC－FTD 10％DEGS为分离柱。测定脂肪酸的组成。共鉴定出C16：0软脂酸，C18：1油酸，C18：2亚油酸等为主的八种脂肪酸。     

高效液相色谱法测定日化用品中苏丹红类着色剂

应用高效液相色谱法测定了日化用品中苏丹红类着色剂（包括苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ及Ⅳ）的含量。样品用丙酮-乙腈（1＋3）混合溶液提取后,经ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C_8色谱柱分离,以不同体积比的甲酸-水（0.1＋99.9）溶液和甲酸-乙腈（0.1＋99.9）溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,用二极管阵列检测器检测。苏丹红Ⅰ的检...     

碱催化法衍生化气相色谱/质谱法分析青海湖裸鲤鱼油中的脂肪酸

用碱催化法将青海湖裸鲤鱼油甲酯化,以气相色谱/质谱法分析鱼油中的脂肪酸。青海湖裸鲤可食用部分中鱼油含量为25.13%。从鱼油中共鉴定出47种脂肪酸,包括直链、单支链、多支链饱和脂肪酸,单不饱和、多不饱和脂肪酸,环丙烷基、呋喃基脂肪酸等。不饱和脂肪酸含量为73.6%,其中多不饱和脂肪酸含量为25.4%,以C18∶2(4.9%),C18∶3(3.1%),C20∶4(1.3%),C20∶5(二十碳五烯酸（EPA）, 9.4%)和C22∶6(二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）, 6.7%)为主。单不饱和脂肪酸含量为48.2%,主要由C16∶1(20.3%),C18∶1(25.9%)构成。饱和脂肪酸含量为25.7%,主要有C14∶0(3.4%),C16∶0 (19.4%)和C18∶0(1.1%)。青海湖裸鲤鱼油中还存在不常见的环丙烷基和呋喃基脂肪酸及多种奇数碳链和支链脂肪酸。因此,青海湖裸鲤是功能性脂肪酸的重要膳食来源。     

高效液相色谱法测定动物源食品中磺胺类药物残留量

试样中残留磺胺药物用乙腈提取并经正己烷萃取和通过碱性氧化铝层析柱进行净化。所得乙腈-水（30＋70）洗脱液用于高效液相色谱法测定。采用C18色谱柱（250mm×4．6mm）作固定相,以乙腈（A）及乙腈＋乙酸＋水（20＋1＋79）的混合液（B）按不同比例混合液作流动相进行梯度淋洗使5种磺胺药物分离,最后在270nm波长处作紫外检测,所测定的磺胺药物的质量浓度与其峰面积之间在0．05～1.00mg·L^-1范围内呈线性关系。方法的测定下限（S／N=10）为0．04mg·kg^-1,以猪肉样品为基体加入3种药物的标准溶液进行回收试验,测得回收率在73．65％～93．45％之间。     

快速酯化气相色谱法分析山苍子中的脂肪酸

快速酯化气相色谱法分析山苍子中的脂肪酸许鸿生，周巧龙（湘潭大学化学系湘潭４１１１０５）关键词气相色谱法，山苍子种子油，脂肪酸，快速酯交换山苍子是一种木本油料植物，我国山苍子油资源丰富，为了合理开发利用，本文分析了其脂肪酸成分。有关山苍子种子油脂肪酸成...     

高效液相色谱法同时测定血清中茶碱、苯妥英钠、苯巴比妥及卡马西平的药物浓度

 报道了用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）同时测定血清中茶减、苯妥莫纳、苯巴比妥及卡马西平的药物浓度。实验条件:Nova-PahC18柱，流动相为甲醇-水（1:1，V／V），检测波长210nm，流速为1mL／min，萃取液为级访-异丙醇（95:5，V／V）。方法具有灵敏（10-9）、准确（回收率在97％～105％之间）、快速（7min）等特点，对临床血药浓度监测有实际应用价值。     

Separation characteristics of fatty acid methyl esters using SLB-IL111, a new ionic liquid coated capillary gas chromatographic column

The ionic liquid SLB-IL111 column, available from Supelco Inc., is a novel fused capillary gas chromatography (GC) column capable of providing enhanced separations of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) compared to the highly polar cyanopropyl siloxane columns currently recommended for the separation of cis- and trans isomers of fatty acids (FAs), and marketed as SP-2560 and CP-Sil 88. The SLB-IL111 column was operated isothermal at 168°C, with hydrogen as carrier gas at 1.0 mL/min, and the elution profile was characterized using authentic GC standards and synthetic mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers as test mixtures. The SLB-IL111 column provided an improved separation of cis- and trans-18:1 and cis/trans CLA isomers. This is the first direct GC separation of c9,t11- from t7,c9-CLA, and t15-18:1 from c9-18:1, both of which previously required complimentary techniques for their analysis using cyanopropyl siloxane columns. The SLB-IL111 column also provided partial resolution of t13/t14-18:1, c8- from c6/c7-18:1, and for several t,t-CLA isomer pairs. This column also provided elution profiles of the geometric and positional isomers of the 16:1, 20:1 and 18:3 FAMEs that were complementary to those obtained using the cyanopropyl siloxane columns. However, on the SLB-IL111 column the saturated FAs eluted between the cis- and trans MUFAs unlike cyanopropyl siloxane columns that gave a clear separation of most saturated FAs. These differences in elution pattern can be exploited to obtain a more complete analysis of complex lipid mixtures present in ruminant fats.     

High-performance liquid chromatography of cardiolipin

Resolution of freshly prepared and of commercially available (degraded) samples of cardiolipin into 15-30 components has been accomplished by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using a 3-micron particulate Microsorb C18 column irrigated with linear gradients of acetonitrile--methanol--10 mM phosphate buffer pH 7.4. Selected resolved components were crystallized and characterized by infrared absorption spectra. Saponification of other components and identification of component fatty acids by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated the presence of ten fatty acids (14:0, 14:1, 16:0, 16:1, 18:0, 18:1, 18:2, 18:3, 20:0, 20:4), with linoleic acid (18:2) identified in all resolved components. From fatty acid composition data it appears that several resolved fractions consist of single cardiolipin molecular species.     

Measuring long-chain acyl-coenzyme A concentrations and enrichment using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with selected reaction monitoring

Long-chain acyl-coenzymes A (acyl-CoAs) (LCACoA) are the activated forms of long-chain fatty acids and serve as key lipid metabolites. Excess accumulation of intracellular LCACoA, diacylglycerols (DAGs) and ceramides may create insulin resistance with respect to glucose metabolism. We present a new method to measure LCACoA concentrations and isotopic enrichment of palmitoyl-CoA ([U-(13) C]16-CoA) and oleoyl-CoA ([U-(13) C]18:1-CoA) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) to quantitate seven different LCACoA (C14-CoA, C16-CoA, C16:1-CoA, C18-CoA, C18:1-CoA, C18:2-CoA, C20-CoA). The molecules are separated on a reversed-phase UPLC column using a binary gradient with ammonium hydroxide (NH(4) OH) in water and NH(4) OH in acetonitrile (ACN). The LCACoA are quantified using selected reaction monitoring (SRM) on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode. All LCACoA ions except enriched palmitate enrichment of palmitoyl-CoA ([U(-13)C]16-CoA) and oleoyl-CoA ([U(-13)C]18:1-CoA) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) to quantitate seven different LCACoA (C14-CoA, C16-CoA, C16:1-CoA, C18-CoA, C18:1-CoA, C18:2-CoA, C20-CoA). The molecules are separated on a reversed-phase UPLC column using a binary gradient with ammonium hydroxide (NH(4) OH) in water and NH(4) OH in acetonitrile. The LCACoA are quantified using selected reaction monitoring (SRM) on a triple quadrupolemass spectrometer in positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode. All LCACoA ions except enriched palmitate and oleate were monitored as [M+2+H](+) and [U(13)C]16-CoA and [U(13)C]18:1-CoA were monitored as [M+16+H](+) and [M+18+H](+), respectively. The method is simple, sensitive and efficient (run time as short as 5 min) and allowed us to measure the concentration and detect enrichment in intramyocellular [U(13) C]16-CoA and [U(13) C]18:1-CoA during a low dose intravenous infusion of [U(13) C]palmitate and [U(13) C]oleate in adults undergoing either a saline control experiment or an insulin/glucose infusion experiment. This technique should allow investigators to measure the trafficking of extracellular fatty acids to the intracellular LCACoA pool.     

Assessment of fatty acids in cardiac tissue as 9-anthryldiazomethane esters by high-performance liquid chromatography.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic technique for the rapid assessment fatty acids in cardiac tissue is described. A level of 50.4 +/- 14.9 nmol fatty acids per g wet weight of rat myocardial tissue could be monitored. The content of the individual fatty acids C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C20:4 amounted to 1.9, 13.5, 0.6, 14.4, 6.1, 6.5 and 7.2 nmol/g wet weight, respectively. A comparison of this method with a well established gas chromatographic technique yielded good agreement. In contrast with time-consuming gas chromatographic techniques, there is no need to isolate (unesterified) fatty acids from the other lipid classes with column chromatography or thin-layer chromatography, because the derivatizing reagent 9-anthryldiazomethane reacts highly specifically with fatty acids.     

Fatty-acid and phospholipid composition of lichens of the Volga basin

The composition of the fatty acids and phospholipids of 16 species of lichens collected in the basin of the river Volga has been studied. The main phospholipid was phosphatidylcholine the amount of which ranged in the various species from 33.3 to 85.5% of the total phospholipids. Other phospholipids were also found: phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylglycerol. The main fatty acids were the 16:0, 18:0, and 18:1 varieties.Institute of the Ecology of the Volga Basin, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tol'yatti. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 613–615, September–October, 1991.     

Gas-liquid chromatographic determination of fatty acid composition of cholesteryl esters in human serum using silica Sep-Pak cartridges

A simple and fast analytical procedure for separation and purification of cholesteryl esters of human serum is described. A single lipid extract, together with spiked cholesteryl pentadecanoate, as an internal standard, was passed through a Silica Sep-Pak cartridge. 1.5% diethyl ester in light petroleum was used to elute cholesteryl esters from the column. The separation was verified with thin-layer chromatography on silica gel using light petroleum-diethyl ether-glacial acetic acid (80:20:1) as a solvent. A very clean thin-layer chromatogram of cholesteryl esters without any additional spots of other lipids was obtained. The cholesteryl esters were quantitated by analyzing their fatty acid composition as methyl esters by gas-liquid chromatography. The coefficients of variation were 0.8--4.9% for the major fatty acids (C16:0, C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, C20:4) and 6.7--30.8% for the minor fatty acids (C18:0 and C20:0). The recoveries for cholesteryl palmitate, cholesteryl oleate and cholesteryl linoleate were 90.7, 92.3 and 91.0%, respectively.     

膜径向离子交换色谱分离凝血酶原复合物

 利用径向离子交换色谱法分离纯化了Nitschmann组分Ⅲ中的凝血酶原复合物 ( prothrombincomplexconcentrate ,PCC) ,流动相为pH 7.5的Tris HCl缓冲液 ,色谱柱为XK 1 6DEAEfastflowSepharose ( 0 .8cmi.d .× 5cm)及膜DEAE径向色谱柱 ( 3.0cmi.d .× 5.8cm)。通过改变不同上样流速及洗脱流速 ,研究了流速对所分离的凝血酶原复合物的蛋白质量浓度及凝固活性的影响 ,为今后在血浆蛋白分离纯化中进一步推广使用径向色谱技术和放大实验提供了依据。     

Identification and quantification of molecular species of diacyl glyceryl ether by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detection and mass spectrometry

We have developed a method to identify and quantify the molecular species of diacyl glyceryl ether (DAGE) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a refractive index detector and an electrospray ionization and time of flight mass spectrometer (LC-RI-MS). An octadecyl silica column with a mixture of acetonitrile and dichloromethane (65:35, v/v) as an eluant was used for the HPLC. When the LC-RI-MS method was applied to a mixture of synthetic DAGEs; 1-O-hexadecyl-2,3-dioleoylglycerol (O-16:0-18:1-18:18:1), 1-O-octadecyl-2,3-dioleoylglycerol (O-18:0-18:1-18:1), 1-O-octadecenyl-2,3-dioleoylglycerol (O-18:1-18:1-18:1), 1-O-octadecyl-2,3-didocodahexaenoylglycerol (O-18:0-22:6-22:6), and 1-O-octadecenyl-2,3-didocosahexaenoylglycerol (O-18:1-22:6-22:6), good separation and quantification were obtained on the refractive index chromatogram. A pseudo-molecular ion [M+NH4]+ and a monoacyl glyceryl ether ion [M-RCO2] + were observed for all synthetic DAGEs on the mass spectrum. It was found that the fatty acids and glyceryl ether in DAGE could be easily identified by these mass spectra. When this LC-RI-MS method was applied to the DAGEs extracted from muscle of Stromateus stellatus, approximately 18 peaks were observed on LC-RI-MS chromatograms and the major molecular species of DAGEs were identified as O-16:0-18:1-18:1.     

Temperature-sensitive resolution of cis- and trans-fatty acid isomers of partially hydrogenated vegetable oils on SP-2560 and CP-Sil 88 capillary columns

This study examines the effect of the column operating temperature of 100 m SP-2560 and CP-Sil 88 capillary gas chromatographic (GC) columns on the separation of cis- and trans-octadecenoic (18:1) isomers in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils. The overlapping GC peaks were measured at column isothermal temperatures of 170, 175, 180, 185, and 190 degrees C. With both columns, isothermal operation at 180 degrees C produced the fewest overlapping peaks of the cis and trans isomers. At this temperature, all trans-18:1 isomers, except 13t-18:1 (t = trans), 14t-18:1, and 15t-18:1 isomers were resolved from the cis-18:1 isomers. The peaks of the 13t-18:1 and 14t-18:1 isomer pair, which always elute together, overlapped peaks of the 6c-18:1 (c = cis), 7c-18:1, and 8c-18:1 isomers; the peak of the 15t-18:1 isomer overlapped the major cis-18:1 peak, which was mainly due to 9c-18:1. Isothermal operations above or below 180 degrees C produced some additional overlapping problems. At 185 and 190 degrees C, the peaks of the 16t-18:1 and 13c-18:1 isomers overlapped. At 175 and 170 degrees C, the 16t-18:1 peak overlapped the 14c-18:1 peak, and the peaks of the 13t + 14t-18:1 isomer pair partially overlapped the major cis-18:1 peak. The separation of 11c-20:1 and alpha-linolenic acid and its geometric isomers was also affected by the column operating temperature. Isothermal operation of the SP-2560 column at 180 degrees C produced a baseline separation of 11c-20:1 and alpha-linolenic acid and its geometric isomers, whereas with the CP-Sil 88 column the best resolution was obtained at 170 degrees C. The results of this study show that the SP-2560 capillary column has a slight advantage over the CP-Sil 88 column for the simultaneous resolution of all the fatty acids generally found in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils.     

A RAPID AND EFFICIENT METHOD TO PREPARE CHLOROPHYLL A AND B FROM LEAVES

Abstract— Highly purified Chi a and b were prepared from spinach leaves in a short time by a combined use of the column chromatography with DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and Sepharose CL-6B. The former chromatography eliminated carotenoids, phaeophytin and chlorophyllide, and the latter chromatography efficiently separated Chi a and b .