Controllable synthesis of highly crystallized mesoporous TiO_2/WO_3 heterojunctions for acetone gas sensing

Mesoporous semiconducting metal oxides(SMOs) heterojunctions are appealing sensors for gas detecting.However,due to the different hydrolysis and condensation mechanism of every metal precursor and the contradiction between high crystallinity and high surface area,the synthesis of mesoporous SMOs heterojunctions with highly o rdered mesostructures,highly crystallized frameworks,and high surface area remains a huge challenge.In this work,we develop a novel "acid-base pair"adjusted solvent evaporation induced self-assembly(EISA) strategy to prepare highly crystallized ordered mesoporous TiO_2/WO_3(OM-TiO_2/WO_3) heterojunctions.The WCl_6 and titanium isopropoxide(TIPO) are used as the precursors,respectively,which function as the "acid-base pair",enabling the coassembly with the structure directing agent(PEO-b-PS) into highly ordered meso structures.In addition,PEO-b-PS can be converted to rigid carbon which can protect the meso structures from collapse during the crystallization process.The resultant OM-TiO_2/WO_3 heterojunctions possess primitive cubic mesostructures,large pore size(～21.1 nm),highly crystalline frameworks and surface area(～98 m~2/g).As a sensor for acetone,the obtained OM-TiO_2/WO_3 show excellent re sponse/recovery perfo rmance(3 s/5 s),good linear dependence,repeatability,selectivity,and long-term stability(35 days).     

Polarization Conductance of the Electrode System O2, Au/0.9ZrO2–0.1Y2O3

An impedancemetry method is employed to investigate a porous gold electrode in contact with a solid oxygen-conducting electrolyte on the basis of zirconium dioxide of the same cationic composition, whose samples differ in the oxygen content. Upon reaching a stationary state, the interphase oxygen exchange rate is independent of the previous treatment and oxygen stoichiometry of the sample. The results are linked to the existence on the electrolyte surface of a layer whose structure differs from the bulk structure.     

热分解法制备Y_2O_2S∶Eu~(3+)纳米粒子(英文)

采用热分解法和硫熔法分别合成了纳米Y2O2S∶Eu3+和体相Y2O2S∶Eu3+。其中硫氧化钇纳米粒子的制备是以水热法合成的Y(OH)3为前驱体,随后在激活剂和硫的共同作用下焙烧得到的。结果表明,所得Y2O2S∶Eu3+为单一纯相纳米粒子,粒径分布集中,大小约80nm,而前驱体Y(OH)3为纳米棒状,形貌上的这一巨大变化是由激活剂和硫粉在高温煅烧过程所形成的熔融物的腐蚀作用造成的。荧光光谱分析表明,Eu3+能有效地掺入硫氧化钇基质中,并具有良好的发光性能。此外,还探讨了纳米粒子的形成机理。     

Preparation and Characterization of Sol-Gel Derived Y2O3 Thin Films

Sol-gel derived Y2O3 thin films have been prepared on platinum coated silicon wafers and fired to temperatures ranging from 400°C to 750°C. Multiple coats were used to obtain films up to 0.5 m thick with an intermediate firing of 400°C between coatings. Top Pt electrodes were sputtered to form monolithic capacitors. These films exhibited a dielectric constant of 18 and a leakage current of 10–11–10–7 A/cm2, making them attractive candidates for high dielectric constant dielectric films in high density DRAMs.     

无机溶胶凝胶法制取Y2O3纳米微粒

以廉价无机盐为原料，采用溶胶凝胶法制备出尺度均匀，一次颗粒尺寸平均为60nm，颗粒呈球形的高纯Y2O3，纳米微粒。研究发现适量SO4^2-离子的添加对生成前驱物溶胶及煅烧得到球形的Y2O3纳米微粒起关键作用。对前驱物在煅烧过程中的物相变化进行了研究，分析了煅烧温度对产物粒度和纯度的影响，结果表明在不使生成物颗粒过分长大的前提下，升高煅烧温度有助于制取高纯和晶化完全的Y2O3微粉。     

α‐Fe2O3 Cubes with High Visible‐Light‐Activated Photoelectrochemical Activity towards Glucose: Hydrothermal Synthesis Assisted by a Hydrophobic Ionic Liquid

A liquid/liquid interfacial reaction system was designed to fabricate α‐Fe₂O₃ cubes. The reaction system uses a hydrophobic ionic liquid containing iron ions ([(C₈H₁₇)₂(CH₃)₂N]FeCl₄) for manufacturing α‐Fe₂O₃ cubes by a novel and environmentally friendly hydrothermal method under low‐temperature conditions (140 °C). The iron‐containing ionic liquid is hydrophobic and can form a liquid/liquid interface with water, which is vital for fabrication of the α‐Fe₂O₃ cubes. Nanomaterials synthesized from hydrophobic iron‐containing ionic liquids show good crystallinity, well‐developed morphology, and uniform size. The effect of different ionic liquids on the morphology of α‐Fe₂O₃ was investigated in detail. [(C₈H₁₇)₂(CH₃)₂N]FeCl₄ is assumed to perform the triple role of forming a liquid/liquid interface with water and acting as reactant and template at the same time. The effect of the reaction temperature on the formation of the α‐Fe₂O₃ cubes was also studied. Temperatures lower or higher than 140 °C are not conducive to formation of the α‐Fe₂O₃ cubes. Their photoelectrochemical properties were tested by means of the transient photocurrent response of electrodes modified with as‐prepared α‐Fe₂O₃ cubes. The photocurrent response of an α‐Fe₂O₃ cubes/indium tin oxide electrode is high and stable, and it shows great promise as a photoelectrochemical glucose sensor with high sensitivity and fast response, which are beneficial to practical applications of nanosensors.     

肼对热分解法制氧化钇比表面积的影响

肼对热分解法制氧化钇比表面积的影响吴介达＊陆世鑫王振华王晔明（同济大学化学系上海２０００９２）（上海跃龙有色金属有限公司上海）关键词氧化钇，肼，比表面积１９９６－０９－２３收稿，１９９７－０４－１８修回上海市自然科学基金资助课题氧化钇是一种需求量大、...     

Reduced graphene oxide-porous In2O3 nanocubes hybrid nanocomposites for room-temperature NH3 sensing

Metal oxide semiconductors(MOS)-reduced graphene oxide(rGO) nanocomposites have attracted great attention for room-tempe rature gas sensing applications.The development of novel sensing materials is the key issue for the effective detection of ammoniagas at room temperature.In the present work,the novel reduced graphene oxide(rGO)-In₂ O₃ nanocubes hybrid materials have been prepared via a simple electrostatic self-assembly strategy.Characterization re sults exhibit that the...     

水热法可控合成二氧化钛纳米晶及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

本文报道了水热法可控合成二氧化钛纳米晶及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用.选择合适的有机碱胶化剂,能很好地控制二氧化钛纳米晶的生长,形成不同形貌和粒径的锐钛矿型二氧化钛纳米晶颗粒.染料敏化太阳能电池光电性能测试结果表明,以四乙基氢氧化铵为胶化剂合成的边长为8～13nm的正方形二氧化钛纳米晶构成的光阳极光电性能优于以四丁基氢氧化铵为胶化剂合成的边长为7～10nm的正方形二氧化钛纳米晶以及长18～35nm,宽10～18nm的长方形二氧化钛纳米晶构成的光阳极.用较高浓度的四甲基氢氧化铵胶化剂能合成球形或椭球形亚微米级二氧化钛颗粒,以其为散射中心在光阳极中构建散射层,染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率能由6.77%提高到8.18%.     

花状TiO2分级结构的可控合成与其光催化性能

采用水热法可控合成了花状TiO₂分级结构材料,运用扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射、N₂物理吸附-脱附等手段,对其进行了表征,系统研究了NaOH用量、H₂O₂浓度、HNO₃浓度、反应温度及时间等因素对所得样品形貌的影响,并评价了它们的光催化性能.结果表明,花状TiO₂分级结构为锐钛矿相,颗粒大小均一;随制备条件的变化,构成花状TiO₂分级结构的基元结构分别为纳米线、纳米片,纳米线直径约25nm,纳米片厚度不足10nm;该样品具有较高的比表面积,表现出良好的单次光催化活性与重复使用性能.     

新型超分子化合物(H3NCH2CH2NH3)2[(HPO4)2Mo5O15]的晶体结构

首次通过水热方法合成了新型超分子化合物(H3NCH2CH2NH3)2[(HPO4)2Mo5O15]的晶体结构,并通过X衍射进行了结构表征,晶体学数据为:单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,a=1.766 6(4)nm,b=1.003 4(2)nm,c=1.376 7(3)nm,α=90°,β=96.90(3)°,γ=90°,ν=2.422 7(8)nm3,Z=4,R=0.043 1,wR2=0.128 7.     

Controllable hydrothermal synthesis of nanocrystal TiO2 particles and their use in dye-sensitized solar cells

A simple method for the controllable hydrothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline anatase TiO2(nc-TiO2) particles involving the selection of suitable organic alkali peptizing agents is reported.A dye-sensitized solar cell(DSSC) with square-like nc-TiO2 particles with side lengths about 8-13 nm-prepared using tetraethylammonium hydroxide(TEAOH)-in the photoelectrode showed higher photovoltaic performance than two other DSSCs with square-like nc-TiO2 particles with side lengths about 7-10 nm-prepared using tetrabutylammonium hydroxide-or elongated nc-TiO2 particles with lengths about 18-35 nm and width about 10 18 nm-prepared using tetramethylammonium hydroxide(TMAOH)-in the photoelectrodes.When a scattering layer prepared from sub-micron size spheres or cone-like nc-TiO2 particles-synthesized using a higher concentration of TMAOH-was added on top of the photoelectrode fabricated from nc-TiO2 synthesized with TEAOH,the energy conversion efficiency of the DSSC was markedly increased from 6.77% to 8.18%.     

Y2O3涂层负载Pd整体式催化剂的制备和催化性能

以Y(NO3)3为前驱体制备了Y2O3涂层的堇青石蜂窝陶瓷载体.扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱和超声波振荡等表征结果表明,Y2O3涂层不但具有良好的抗振荡性和粘结强度,而且具有很强的吸附催化剂活性组分(H2PdCl4)的能力,适合制备负载型Pd催化剂.以甲苯和乙酸乙酯完全燃烧为模型反应考察了催化剂的活性,发现以Y2O3涂层堇青石蜂窝陶瓷为载体的整体式Pd/Y2O3催化剂具有良好的催化活性和热稳定性,甲苯和乙酸乙酯催化燃烧的T99分别为210和300℃;催化剂经900℃焙烧4 h后,T99仅提高20℃,表明催化剂具有很高的热稳定性.催化剂的X射线衍射、拉曼光谱和程序升温还原结果表明,Pd/Y2O3催化剂经低温焙烧时,Y2O3和PdO均高度分散在堇青石蜂窝陶瓷的表面,而高温焙烧使催化剂活性组分PdO晶粒增大,从而导致催化剂活性下降.     

以十二烷基苯磺酸钠为模型反应物的Y2O3/TiO2复合催化剂的制备及光降解催化性能

采用浸渍法制备了Y₂O₃/TiO₂复合氧化物催化剂,并用紫外可见光谱、SEM、BET等手段对其进行了表征.以水相十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)溶液的光催化降解反应为实验模型,考察了TiO₂掺杂Y₂O₃后的光催化氧化活性,并探讨了Y₂O₃掺杂量、吸附性、焙烧温度及时间对Y₂O₃/TiO₂复合氧化物催化剂光催化活性的影响.实验结果表明:复合氧化物催化剂Y₂O₃/TiO₂存在某一最佳组分比值,当两者重量比为1:200时,其催化活性是同样条件下前体催化剂TiO₂的2.4倍.     

一个新的三维超分子配位聚合物[Ni(pyridine-2-carboxylate)_2]_n·2nH_2O的水热合成及晶体结构

采用水热法合成了一个新的金属-有机配位聚合物[Ni(pyridine-2-carboxylate)2]n·2nH2O,对其进行元素分析、红外光谱和X射线单晶衍射测定.结构分析表明:该晶体属于三斜晶系,P-1空间群,晶胞参数a=5.128 4(6) nm,b=7.634 6(9) nm,c=9.229 5(11) nm,α=74.902(2)°,β=84.347(2)°,γ=71.442(2)°,V=330.70(7) nm3,化学式为C12H12NiN2O6,Mr=338.95,Dc=1.702 g/cm3,μ(Mo,Kα)=1.497 mm-1,F(000)=174,Z=1,R=0.033 3,wR=0.038 4((I＞2σ(I)).并且该配合物通过O-H...O和C-H...O氢键形成了三维超分子网状结构.     

[Co(1,10-phen)(H_2O)(VO_3)_2]的水热合成、结构及电化学性质

采用水热方法并以邻菲啉为模板剂合成了一种过渡金属配合物连接的无机-有机层状结构的多金属钒酸盐Co(1,10-phen)(H2O)(VO3)2,该化合物经过X-射线单晶衍射、元素分析、红外光谱表征和热失重分析,并用循环伏安法研究了标题化合物的电化学性质.