Ab initio Mechanism Study on the Reaction of Chlorine Atom with Formic Acid

The potential energy surface(PES) for the reaction of Cl atom with HCOOH is predicted using ab initio molecular orbital calculation methods at UQCIDS(T,full)6-311 G(3df,2p)//UMP2(full)/6-311 G(d,P) level of theory with zero-point vibrational energy (ZPVE) correction.The calculated results show that the reaction mechanism of Cl atom with formic acid is a C-site hydrogen abstraction reaction from cis-HOC(H)O molecule by Cl atom with a 3.73kJ/mol reaction barrier height,leading to the formation of cis-HOCO radical which will reacts with Cl atom or other molecules in such a reaction system.Because the reaction barrier height of O-site hydrogen abstraction reaction from cis-HOC(H)O molecule by Cl atom which leads to the formation of HCO2 radical is 67.95kJ/mol,it is a secondary reaction channel in experiment,This is in good agreement with the prediction based on the previous experiments.     

Reaction of Trialkylphosphine Carbon Disulfide Adducts with Cyclopentadienones

Abstract

It has been known more than for 100 year that triethylphosphine forms the 1:1 adducts with carbon disulfide and isothiocyanates. However, little is know on the reaction of the adducts and the formation of reactive alkylidenephosphoranes was recently reported by the reaction of adducts with electron-poor double bonds.     

CH自由基与O2反应的从头算研究

采用量子化学从头算法（UMP2／6－31G**水平），从理论上研究了CH＋O2反应的两个主要通道.根据计算所得的反应诸途径（连接反应物Cn＋）及两个通道的最终产物）讨论了复杂的反应机理．发现反应过程涉及O2的第一激发态1△g，且沿反应途径有势能面相交，反应途径中包括多个中间体及过渡态．     

Ab initio Calculation and Kinetic Study for the Abstraction Reaction of H with Sihcl3

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Kinetics and Mechanism of the Reaction of Xenon Tetroxide with Carbon Disulfide

The dependence of the rate of the reaction of XeO₄with CS₂on the concentrations of reactants and diluent gases He, O₂, and CO₂was studied at room temperature. A reaction mechanism was proposed.     

自由基-分子反应:F+Propene(CH2CHCH3)的从头算研究

The radical-molecule reaction F+propene (CH2CHCH3) was studied in detail by using the Becke's three parameter Lee-Yang-Parr-B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) and coupled cluster with single, double, and triple excitationsCCSD(T)/6-311+G(2d,2p). It is shown that F+propene reaction mainly occurs through complex-formation mechanism: F attacks the double bond of propene leading to the formation of complex 1 and complex 2. As the two radical complexes are metastable, they can quickly dissociate to H+C3H5F, CH3+C2H3F and HF+C3H5. Based on the ab initio calculations, the CH3+C2H3F is the main channel, and the H elimination and HF forming channels also provide some contribution to products. The calculated values are in good agreement with the recently reported experimental results.     

Ab initio Study of Malonaldehyde Rotamers

Summary.  Malonaldehyde rotamer geometries were optimized using ab initio calculations at the HF level with STO-3G^** and 6-21G^** basis sets. The most stable rotamer is the ω-shaped one with cyclic structure and intramolecular hydrogen bond. The most unstable rotamer is that obtained by rotation of the ω-rotamer around the CO single bond by 180° due to the loss of the additional stabilization contributed by the intramolecular H-bond. The energy barriers separating the different rotamers vary between 13 and 233 kJċmol⁻¹. The structure of the transition states is non-planar with rotation angles varying between 72 and 98°. Received January 18, 1999. Accepted (revised) August 4, 1999     

甲硫醇和氢原子反应的从头算直接动力学

利用双水平直接动力学方法对反应CH3SH+H的微观机理和动力学性质进行了理论研究.对于此反应的三个反应通道,即—SH和—CH3基团上的两个氢提取通道及一个取代通道,在MP2/6-311+G(d,p)水平上优化得到了各稳定点的结构及振动频率,并在G3(MP2)水平上进行了单点能量计算以获得更精确的能量信息;在此基础上运用结合小曲率隧道效应校正的变分过渡态理论(CVT/SCT)计算了各反应通道在220-1000 K温度区间的速率常数.计算结果表明提取—SH基团上H的反应通道R1在整个反应温度区间都是主要通道,而随着温度的升高,低温下的次要反应通道——取代通道R3变得越来越重要,并且在高温下将成为一个竞争的反应通道;提取—CH3基团上H的反应通道(R2)由于具有较高的反应能垒,因而,其对总反应速率常数的贡献可以忽略.计算得到的总反应速率常数与已有的实验值符合得很好,进而我们预测了该反应在220-1000 K温度范围内速率常数的表达式为:k=5.00×10-18T2.39exp(-119.81/T),为将来的实验研究提供参考.     

Ab initio Study of the Keto-Enol Equilibriumof Malonaldehyde

Summary.  The mechanism of the keto-enol tautomerism of malonaldehyde was studied by ab initio methods using 6-21G^** and 6-311G^** basis functions at the HF level. Two separate mechanisms were examined: through-space proton transfer in the ω-shaped form and through-space proton transfer in a sickle-shaped form obtained from the ω form by rotation. The transition state structure of the ω form is non-planar, whereas that of the sickle form is planar. The sickle form is connected with a 2^nd order saddle, indicating that there should exist a lower energy barrier, i.e. that the through-bond mechanism may be preferred. The calculated energy barriers of keto-enol tautomerism for the sickle form is twice as high as those for the omega form. Received January 18, 1999. Accepted (revised) August 4, 1999     

Plasma Reaction Behaviors of Carbon Disulfide and Carbon Dioxide in Glow Discharges

Reaction behaviors of carbon disulfide and carbon dioxide in plasma were investigated and compared. It was found that carbon disulfide is very reactive in plasma to produce dark brown filmy polymers, but carbon dioxide does not give polymeric products at all. The difference in plasma behaviors of the two monomers can be attributed to the roles of sulfur and oxygen in the monomers. There is also some discussion on the spectro-scopic data of carbon disulfide polymers.     

O(3P)原子与CS2反应可见化学发光研究

在交叉分子束装置上研究了基态氧原子O(3P)与二硫化碳反应的可见光区(380～500 nm)化学发光，得到的光谱标识为SO2分子 3B1→ 1A1自旋禁阻跃迁发射谱，实验中得到的上态主要是振动基态和弯曲模ν2激发的振动激发态，通过对不同压力情况下光谱的分析和反应通道的讨论，确认 3B1态的SO2来自于反应的多级过程.     

Ab initio Study of β-lactam antibiotics

Ab initio SCF-MO-LCAO calculations have been performed with a 7s3p/3s GTO basis set for the CH₃O--lactam + OH^– reaction which is related to the mode of action of -lactam antibiotics. The comparison of the present results with the previous ones for -lactam + OH^– and 3-cephem + OH^– shows that the CH₃O substitution has a negligible effect on the amidic bond breaking of -lactam, so that this group probably influences other steps of the antibiotic reactivity of cephaloporins.     

CS2与大气颗粒物的多相催化反应研究

利用原位FTIR,XRD,XPS,BET,质谱和连续微量反应等手段研究了大气颗粒物及部分氧化物样品上CS₂多相催化反应,确认了反应产物,并对催化剂的晶化状况和比表面积等进行了考察.结果表明,CS₂在氧化物和大气颗粒物样品上发生氧化反应,生成COS及单质硫,部分样品上生成CO₂,活化状态下的[S]在大气颗粒物表面上能被进一步氧化为六价态硫.收集所得到的大气颗粒物样品成分主要是Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)·4H₂O;CS₂在氧化物或大气颗粒物样品上催化生成COS是催化剂表面吸附氧的作用之故.     

N-甲替甲酰胺-水的氢键团簇的从头计算研究

The N-methylformamide（NMF）-water clusters were studied by ab inito calculations at MP2/6-31+G** and MP2 / 6-311 ++ G（d,p）levels. The equilibrium geometries and the dissociation channels and dissociation energies of both neutral and ionic NMF-H2O clusters are presented. For N-methylformamide,cis-form has lower energy than trans-form. In NMFH+,the proton prefers to link with the O atom of N-methylformamide. The results show that both cis- and trans- form of NMF can form a linear hydrogen bond with water. Although the energy of trans-NMF is higher than cis-NMF,trans-form exits more stably because it can form a double hydrogen bond with water. After the ionization of the NMF-H2O cluster,both the cis- and the trans-form will produce protonated products.     

Structure of the Reaction Product of Anthranilic Acid Hydrazide with Carbon Disulfide in Alkaline Medium

The reaction of anthranilic acid hydrazide with carbon disulfide in alkaline medium yields 5-(2-aminophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione rather than 3-amino-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-one. The structure of the product was proved by spectral methods and chemical transformations.     

Ab initio studies of

Ab initio calculations of the [1,5]-H shift in (3Z)-penta-1,3-diene and other substituted pentadienes and heteroanalogues using the hybrid density functional Becke3LYP with the 6-31G basis set are presented. Electron-donating substituents, such as methoxy in (3Z)-3-methoxypenta-1,3-diene 1, or heteroatoms such as a nitrogen atom in (Z)-ethylidenevinylamine 2, (1Z)-buta-1,3-dienylamine 3, (2Z)-but-2-enylideneamine 4, (Z)-allylidenemethylamine 5, and methylene-(Z)-propenylamine 6 are introduced. The electron-withdrawing fluoride is substituted for the hydrogen atoms in (3Z)-3-fluoropenta-1,3-diene 7, (3Z)-2,4-difluoropenta-1,3-diene 8, (3Z)-1,1',2,3,4,5,5'-heptafluoropenta- 1,3-diene 10, (1E,3E)-1,3,5-trifluoropenta-1,3-diene 11, and (1Z,3E)-1,3,5- trifluoropenta-1,3-diene 13. A detailed analysis of the geometries, energies, and electronic characteristics of the sigmatropic transposition compared to those of the unsubstituted case provides insights into substituent effects of this prototype of pericyclic reaction. The inductive and mesomeric effects of heteroatoms or heterosubstituents are of a great importance and in a continuous balance in the energetics of the transformation. Sterics can also play an important role due to the geometrical constraints of the reaction. As a general trend, decreasing the electron density of the phi system destabilizes the aromatic transition structure and increases the activation energy, and vice versa.     

He++N2 Charge Transfer Reaction: An Ab initio Analysis

An ab initio analysis on the involved potential energy surfaces is presented for the investigation of the charge transfer mechanism for the He⁺+N₂ system. At high collision energy, as many as seven low-lying electronic states are observed to be involved in the charge transfer mechanism. Potential energy surfaces for these low-lying electronic states have been computed in the Jacobi scattering coordinates, applying multireference configuration interaction level of theory and aug-cc-pVQZ basis sets. Asymptotes for the ground and various excited states are assigned to mark the entrance (He⁺+N₂) and charge transfer channels (He+N₂⁺). Nonadiabatic coupling matrix elements and quasi-diabatic potential energy surfaces have been computed for all seven states to rationalize the available experimental data on the charge transfer processes and to facilitate dynamics studies.