光学活性17β-叔-丁氧基-3-甲氧基-7a(或7β),18-二甲基-1,3,5(10)-雌甾三烯的合成

合成7α,18-二甲基-19-去甲基-甾体物的关键中间体10a是通过从3a与4的缩合物5经氢化、环合、再氢化而得到.同样地可获得7β,18-二甲基雌甾二醇衍生物10b即:6→7b→9b→10b.     

三氟甲基甾体化合物的研究——Ⅳ.19-失碳-13-烷基-17β-羟基-17α-三氟甲基-雌甾-4-烯-3-酮及其类似物的合成

以炔诺酮中间体面△~(5(10))-雌甾-3,17-二酮-3,3-双甲醚(4)和消旋18-甲基炔诺酮中间体dl-18-甲基-△~(2(3),5(10))-雌甾-二烯-17-酮-3-甲醚(5)为原料,在四甲基氟化铵催化下和三氟甲基三甲基硅烷(TMSCF_3)发生羰基亲核加成反应,硅醚中间体分别经多步反应合成含三氯甲基的甾体化合物1a,b,2a,b和3a,b.总产率分别为82%,76%,54%,62%和27%,25%.17位三氟甲基经X-单晶衍射证明处于α-位.化合物1a,2a和3a经初步药理测试显示具有良好的抗生育活性.特别是化合物1a,对大鼠子宫胞液孕酮受体的亲和力是米非司酮(RU 486)的3倍.化合物1b,2b和3b的药理测试正在进行之中.     

光学活性(+)-3-甲氧基-7α-甲基-17α-氰甲基-17β-羟基-1,3,5(10)-雌甾三烯的合成

(+)-3-甲氧基-7α-甲基-17α-氰甲基-17β-羟基-1,3,5(10)-雌甾三烯12是通过从1与2的缩合物经氢化、环合、锂氨还原、去叔丁基、氧化、次甲基化以及开环氧共七步反应合成而得.     

光学活性(+)-3-甲氧基-7α-甲基-17α-氰甲基-17β-羟基-1,3,5(10)-雌甾三烯的合成

(+)-3-甲氧基-7α-甲基-17α-氰甲基-17β-羟基-1,3,5(10)-雌甾三烯12是通过从1与2的缩合物经氢化、环合、锂氨还原、去叔丁基、氧化、次甲基化以及开环氧共七步反应合成而得.     

抗生育甾体化合物——7α-甲基-17β-羟基-雌甾-5-烯-3-酮的合成

以△~4-雌甾烯-3,17-二酮(5)为原料,经四步得到17β-羟基-△~(4,6)-雌甾二烯-3-酮(4),(4)与二甲基铜锂试剂经1,6共轭加成合成了目的物7α-甲基-17β-羟基-雌甾-5-烯-3-酮(2b)。经药理试验表明2b具有明显的抗着床及抗早孕活性。     

基于乙烯基环氧构建雄甾6β,7β-亚甲基的方法

设计了简便构建甾体分子中6β,7β-亚甲基结构的合成路线.以4,6-雄二烯-3,17-二酮为起始原料,依次经硼氧化钠还原、间氯过氧苯甲酸环氧化、氢化铝锂还原性开环、Simmons-Smith加成等4步反应得到目标结构化合物6β,7β-亚甲基雄甾-3β,5β,17-三醇.中间体4β,5β-环氧-6-雄烯-3β,17-二醇经C-4-O还原开环得到顺式产物6-雄烯-3β,5β,17β-三醇,产率93.0%.没有检测到C-5-O裂解产物,从而高效地得到了高立体选择性定位导向Simmons-Smith加成所需的5β-羟基-6-甾烯结构.中间体和目标物经红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、质谱及元素分析确证了其化学结构.     

一种合成4β-甲基-5α胆甾烷的新路线

本文报道以胆甾醇为原料经四步反应立体控制合成4β-甲基-5α-胆甾烷(6)的新路线。4-甲基胆甾-4-烯-3-酮(3)经Clemmensen还原,得4-甲基胆甾-4-烯(4)(65％)及4-甲基胆甾-3-烯(5)(15％)。用10％Pd-C在无水乙醇中室温催化氢化4,得6(70％)与4α-甲基-5α- 胆甾烷(7)(30％)的混合物;而选用Brown催化剂在同样条件下氢化4,得到产物6与7的比例为95:5。     

甾体-17-酮肟的Beckmann裂解反应研究

研究了甾体-17-酮肟(1a～1i)在PCl5/2,6-二甲基吡啶/CH2Cl2体系中的Beckmann裂解反应.反应得到的烯-腈化合物(2a～2i)是18-去甲基甾体的重要中间体,其结构经1HNMR,IR,MS和元素分析表征.实验结果表明,1的取代基和构型对反应结果没有明显影响.     

甾族化合物不对称合成的研究XV: 光学活性3-氧杂-A-失碳甾族化合物的合成

我们在寻找新的甾体口服避孕药的研究中,设计了A-失碳-3,9(10)-二烯-18-甲基甾体(1)作为全合成研究的目的物.前文已报道从5’-甲基呋喃二噻烷阴离子2b与消旋甾体CD环合成原3b的共轭加成,合成了两个新的消旋3-氧杂-A-失碳甾体4b和5b.本文报道     

3β,17-二羟基-16-氨基-5α-雄甾烷四个立体异构体的合成

以表雄酮(1)为原料,由中间体3β-羟基-5α-雄甾-16-烯(3)合成3β,17α-二羟基-16α-氨基-5α-雄甾烷(7)和它的16β-氨基异构体(10a);由中间体3β-羟基-16α-溴-5α-雄甾-17-酮(12)合成3β,17β-二羟基-16α-氨基-5α-雄甾烷(21)和它的16β-氨基异构体(15)。上述四个立体异构体均通过化学转化以及波测试谱确证了其构型。     

β-二酮化合物光稳定行为的研究

研究了β-二酮类化合物二苯甲酰甲烷、苯甲酰丙酮、对苯二甲酰乙酸乙酯的光稳定行为,在β-二酮类化合物的溶液中存在着烯醇式和酮式平衡。当以紫外光进行辐照时,烯醇式异构体不断减少,酮式的含量则不断增多。由于这些化合物有不同的互变异构化过程以及不同的氢键形成能力,因此,它们对高聚物有着不同的稳定化能力。我们提出的二苯甲酰甲烷的光稳定机理,不同于Otterstedt提出的机理。新的统一的光稳定机理尚待进一步深入研究.     

第五 六族元素的有机化合物在有机合成中应用的研究XXXI. 应用稳定胂叶立德合成β-酮酸酯和β-二酮的一种简便方法

本文报道一种在温和条件下使稳定胂叶立德(1)砷-碳键断裂的方法,从而合成了β-酮酸酯和β-二酮类化合物,特别是相应的含氟化合物,该方法操作简便,产物容易分离提纯,得率较好。     

β,β-二氯丁烯酮甲基上的反应

通过4,4-二氯-3-丁烯-2-酮的氯甲基化,Mannich反应和醇醛缩合制备了1,1,5-三氯-p-戊烯-3-酮(2),1,1-二氯-9-二乙胺基-1-戊烯-3-酮盐酸盐(3)和1,1-二氯-1,4-己二烯-3-酮(4).氯甲基化产品(2)与三乙胺在醚反应生成1,1-二氯-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮(6),在醇中生成1,1-二氯-5-乙氧基-1-戊烯-3-酮(6).与容易在室温中聚合.(2)和氨在醇中反应可得到环化产品N-(4-酮基-5H,6H-2-吡啶基)-3H,4H,5H-吡啶-2,4-二酮.     

Comparative Structural Study of Three Tetrahalophthalic Anhydrides: Recognition of X···O(anhydride) Halogen Bond and πh···O(anhydride) Interaction

Structures of three tetrahalophthalic anhydrides (TXPA: halogen = Cl (TCPA), Br (TBPA), I (TIPA)) were studied by X-ray diffraction, and several types of halogen bonds (HaB) and lone pair···π-hole (lp···πh) contacts were revealed in their structures. HaBs involving the central oxygen atom of anhydride group (further X···O(anhydride) were recognized in the structures of TCPA and TBPA. In contrast, for the O(anhydride) atom of TIPA, only interactions with the π system (π-hole) of the anhydride ring (further lp(O)···πh) were observed. Computational studies by a number of theoretical methods (molecular electrostatic potentials, the quantum theory of atoms in molecules, the independent gradient model, natural bond orbital analyses, the electron density difference, and symmetry-adapted perturbation theory) demonstrated that the X···O(anhydride) contacts in TCPA and TBPA and lp(O)···πh in TIPA are caused by the packing effect. The supramolecular architecture of isostructural TCPA and TBPA was mainly affected by X···O(acyl) and X···X HaBs, and, for TIPA, the main contribution provided I···I HaBs.     

The synthesis of some complexed ketones or sulfones by oxidation of η-arene-η-cyclopentadienyliron cations or η-arenedi-η-cyclopentadienyliron dications

Di-η⁵-cyclopentadienyliron complexed dications of 9,10-dihydroanthracene, xanthene, thioxanthene and diphenylmethane derived from ligand exchange reactions but without their prior isolation were oxidized with KMnO₄ to give, respectively, the dications of anthraquinone, xanthone, thioxanthone and benzophenone, isolated as their dihexafluorophosphate salts. Cyclopentadienyliron complexes of arenes containing a sulfide function were oxidized by m-chloroperbenzoic acid to the corresponding complexed sulfones, and sulfones prepared in this way include the hexafluorophosphate salt of the η⁶-p-tolysulfonylbenzene, thioxanthene-10,10-dioxide, 9,9-dimethylthioxanthene-10,10-dioxide or dibenzothiophene-9,9-dioxide-η⁵-cyclopentadienyliron cation.     

Stimuli Responsive Materials Supported by Orthogonal Hydrogen and Halogen Bonding or I···Alkene Interaction

Smart materials represent an elegant class of (macro)-molecules endowed with the ability to react to chemical/physical changes in the environment. Herein, we prepared new photo responsive azobenzenes possessing halogen bond donor groups. The X-ray structures of two molecules highlight supramolecular organizations governed by unusual noncovalent bonds. In azo dye I-azo-NO₂, the nitro group is engaged in orthogonal H···O···I halogen and hydrogen bonding, linking the units in parallel undulating chains. As far as compound I–azo–NH–MMA is concerned, a non-centrosymmetric pattern is formed due to a very rare I···π interaction involving the alkene group supplemented by hydrogen bonds. The Cambridge Structural Database contains only four structures showing the same I···CH₂=C contact. For all compounds, an ¹⁹F-NMR spectroscopic analysis confirms the formation of halogen bonds in solution through a recognition process with chloride anion, and the reversible photo-responsiveness is demonstrated upon exposing a solution to UV light irradiation. Finally, the intermediate I–azo–NH₂ also shows a pronounced color change due to pH variation. These azobenzenes are thereby attractive building blocks to design future multi-stimuli responsive materials for highly functional devices.