威布尔分市场合无失效数据的可靠性分析

拿文综合了近几年来对威布尔分布和指数分布的无失效数据处理的几种方法这些方法是经典方法、贝叶斯方法、最小x~2方法、等效失效敷方法,并对这些方法作了适当的分析,提出进一步需研究的问题。     

面板数据单位根检验LLC方法与IPS方法比较研究

在经济分析中,面板数据单位根检验LLC方法与IPS方法得到广泛运用。但目前国内一些实证研究对这两种方法的认识情况存在不足。本文从检验模型、检验假设、数据处理方法、检验式统计量、适用的样本容量、N和T条件等方面细致比较了LLC方法与IPS方法的差别。并提出二者的根本区别,对两种检验方法存在的问题进行了进一步探讨。     

排列组合基本思想的运用

分步与分类思想、排列与组合思想,是解决排列与组合问题的基本思想．特殊元素法、特殊位置法、插空法、粘合法、排除法,是解决排列与组合问题的基本方法．解排列组合问题,应遵循基本思想,正确运用基本方法．教学中应归纳、整理、提炼基本思想方法,使学生形成对基本思想方法的整体感知,熟练运用基本思想方法解决问题,     

一类非线性金融系统数学模型的混沌控制

研究一类非线性金融系统数学模型的混沌控制.首先,运用动力学方法研究位移反馈控制、加速反馈控制、增强反馈控制、延迟反馈控制在该系统的应用条件和反馈增益系数.其次,运用数值模拟的方法验证各种控制方法的可行性,比较各种控制方法的应用效果.最后选择较好的控制方法,为金融危机的宏观调控提供建议.     

概率约束最优化问题

概率约束最优化问题是随机规划的一类重要问题,在金融、管理和工程计划等领域有广泛的应用. 概率约束优化问题近年来受到了广泛的关注和重视,在应用建模、理论和方法等方面取得了不少重要的进展. 这里主要概述和总结处理概率约束的主要方法和思想,包括凸内逼近方法、情景逼近方法、DC方法和整数规划方法等,并对概率约束最优化的研究前景进行讨论.     

大密度比和大压力比可压缩流的数值计算

将WENO方法、RKDG方法、RKDG方法结合原来的Ghost Fluid方法以及RKDG方法结合改进的Ghost Fluid方法,应用到大密度比和大压力比的单相流以及气-气、气-液两相流的数值计算,并对计算结果进行了比较分析．结果表明,与其它的方法相比,RKDG方法结合改进的Ghost Fluid方法得到了高分辨率的计算结果,可以捕捉到正确的激波位置,随着网格的加密,计算解收敛到物理解．     

我国企业管理创新方法智能评价系统构建

旨在分析我国企业复杂情景中管理创新方法的选择倾向性问题。使用多案例研究方法,通过扎根理论依次进行开放式、轴向、选择性译码和案例间对比分析,确定了我国企业管理创新方法的影响因素、范畴,得出了行业环境、团队创新精神、组织创新文化、企业战略选择的不同维度集成作用下企业对突变式或渐进式管理创新方法选择的机理和概念模型;以案例研究结论为依托,使用人工神经网络的方法分别对突变式和渐进式管理创新方法构建智能评估预测系统,为企业进行管理创新方法类型选择的决策或验证提供理论依据。     

整体思想在解题中的应用

数学中的"整体思想"是学生必须掌握的数学思想方法之一.整体思想方法就是指在研究问题时从整体出发,对问题的整体形式、结构、特征进行综合分析、整体处理的思想方法.利用整体思想分析问题,往往可以找到最合理、最简捷、最实用的解题方法,起到化难     

一种新的Bregman迭代方法在信号恢复中的应用

本文结合残量Bregman迭代方法以及不动点迭代方法提出一种新迭代方法,将其应用于信号恢复问题.数值试验表明,新方法避免了Bregman迭代方法产生的停滞现象且较线性Bregman迭代方法更稳定、快速、有效.     

类比思想与一类数列不等式的证明

古语云:授人以鱼,只供一饭;授人以渔,则终身受用无穷.学知识,更要学方法.新课程指出,要重视能力的培养,使学生逐步学会分析、综合、归纳、类比等重要的思想方法.在各种逻辑推理方法中,类比思想方法是富于创造的一种方法,它是根据两个不同     

具有双裂纹的弹性复合材料板承受剪切冲击时的动应力强度因子

本文研究了两个材半限弹性的接合面附近存在与接合面平行的双裂纹，并承受剪切冲击时的瞬态应力，运用付里叶（Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ）和拉普拉斯（Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ）变换，将问题归结为求解二元积分方程，求解时将裂纹所在面上，下的位移差展成级数，并让其自动满足裂纹面外的位移差为零的条件，利用裂纹面上的边界条件和施密特（Ｓｃｈｍｉｄｔ）方法求解级数中的待定系数，在拉普拉斯像空间中，求得动应力强度因子，并将其数值地逆变换至     

Estimating a survival function with incomplete cause-of-death data

We propose a random censorship model which permits uncertainty in the cause of death assessments for a subset of the subjects in a survival experiment. A nonparametric maximum likelihood approach and a “self-consistency” approach are considered. The solution sets corresponding to both approaches are found. They are infinite and identical. Only some of the solutions are consistent; i.e., the MLEs and self-consistent estimators are not consistent in general. Two estimates are thus proposed and their asymptotic properties are studied. It is shown that both estimates are strongly consistent and converge to Gaussian processes. The covariance structures of these Gaussian processes are derived.     

Depth notions for orthogonal regression

Global depth, tangent depth and simplicial depths for classical and orthogonal regression are compared in examples, and properties that are useful for calculations are derived. The robustness of the maximum simplicial depth estimates is shown in examples. Algorithms for the calculation of depths for orthogonal regression are proposed, and tests for multiple regression are transferred to orthogonal regression. These tests are distribution free in the case of bivariate observations. For a particular test problem, the powers of tests that are based on simplicial depth and tangent depth are compared by simulations.     

The systems approach and fuzzy set theory bridging the gap between mathematical and language-oriented economists

Ideas are presented to show how fuzzy mathematics can be applied in macro-economics in combination with the systems approach in order to bridge the gap between mathematical and language-oriented economists.Two reasons are given.From a mathematical point of view, fuzzy sets, fuzzy relations and fuzzy logic are not fuzzy at all. They are all well defined, but tend to be more complicated than traditional, mathematical concepts used in economics.From a language-oriented economist's point of view, fuzzy sets, etc. are used to express mathematically the type of concepts which are typical in language and most valuable in dealing with complex systems like an economy.The paper deals with economics in general terms, but examples are provided to illustrate the ideas.     

On covering mappings on solenoids

Covering mappings on the dyadic solenoid are studied. Some results stated by Zhou Youcheng (2000) are discussed in a more detailed way by indicating certain inaccuracies in their proofs. These are either corrected or supplemented, or else suitable counterexamples are constructed. Some open questions are asked and connections with related results are considered.

     

双无限随机环境中的常返马氏链

对双无限随机环境中的马氏链,给出了常返的两种可能的定义,讨论了它们间的联系和基本性质,给出了状态或链为常返的判断准则.讨论了双无限随机环境中马氏链的不变测度的存在性,首次给出了双无限随机环境中马氏链的正常返及零常返的概念,并讨论了其相关性质.特别地,应用不变函数的性质,给出了状态具有正常返性或零常返性的判断准则.     

Magnetically created instability in a collisionless plasma

In the Vlasov–Maxwell theory we prove that there are homogeneous equilibria that are monotone decreasing in every direction and are arbitrarily close to a Maxwellian. They are unstable under certain electromagnetic perturbations, but are stable under purely electric perturbations as well as under electromagnetic perturbations of sufficiently short period. These statements are valid both in the linear and nonlinear senses.     

Weak first- or second-order implicit Runge–Kutta methods for stochastic differential equations with a scalar Wiener process

New fully implicit stochastic Runge–Kutta schemes of weak order 1 or 2 are proposed for stochastic differential equations with sufficiently smooth drift and diffusion coefficients and a scalar Wiener process, which are derivative-free and which are A-stable in mean square for a linear test equation in some general settings. They are sought in a transparent way and their convergence order and stability properties are confirmed in numerical experiments.     

Some properties of complex matrix-variate generalized Dirichlet integrals

Dirichlet integrals and the associated Dirichlet statistical densities are widely used in various areas. Generalizations of Dirichlet integrals and Dirichlet models to matrix-variate cases, when the matrices are real symmetric positive definite or hermitian positive definite, are available [4]. Real scalar variables case of the Dirichlet models are generalized in various directions. One such generalization of the type-2 or inverted Dirichlet is looked into in this article. Matrix-variate analogue, when the matrices are hermitian positive definite, are worked out along with some properties which are mathematically and statistically interesting.     

An application of a boundary element method to natural convection

The direct boundary element method is applied to the numerical modelling of thermal fluid flow in a transient state. The Navier-Stokes equations are considered under the Boussinesq approximation and the viscous thermal flow equations are expressed in terms of stream function, vorticity, and temperature in two dimensions. Boundary integral equations are derived using logarithmic potential and time-dependent heat potential as fundamental solutions. Boundary unknowns are discretized by linear boundary elements and flow domains are divided into a series of triangular cells. Charged points are translated upstream in the numerical evaluation of convective terms. Unknown stream function, vorticity, and temperature are staggered in the computational scheme.

Simple iteration is found to converge to the quasi steady-state flow. Boundary solutions for two-dimensional examples at a Reynolds number 100 and Grashoff number 10⁷ are obtained.