Mixing of scalar meson and baryon-baryon interaction

At quark level,we study the effect of ideal mixing of singlet σ 0 and octet σ 8 scalar mesons on baryon-baryon interaction in the chiral SU(3) quark model.We solve the resonating group method equation for scattering process and bound state.The results show that the binding energy of deuteron and nucleonnucleon and hyperon-nucleon scattering data can be reasonably described for ideal mixing.Taking the same parameters we used in the scattering calculation,we further investigate the possible dibaryons and find the binding energy of (ΩΩ) ST =00 and (Ξ *Ω) ST =0 1 2 can be reduced a lot for ideal mixing.     

The mixing of scalar mesons and the baryon-baryon interaction

By introducing the mixing of scalar mesons in the chiral SU(3) quark model, we dynamically investigate the baryon-baryon interaction. The hyperon-nucleon and nucleon-nucleon interactions are studied by solving the resonating group method (RGM) equation in a coupled-channel calculation. In our present work, the experimental lightest pseudoscalar p \pi, K,h \eta,h^￠ \eta^{{\prime}}_{} mesons correspond exactly to the chiral nonet pseudoscalar fields p \pi, K,h \eta,h^￠ \eta^{{\prime}}_{} in the chiral SU(3) quark model. The h \eta,h^￠ \eta^{{\prime}}_{} mesons are considered as the mixing of singlet and octet mesons, and the mixing angle q_ps \theta_{{ps}}^{} is taken to be -23^° . For scalar nonet mesons, we suppose that there exists a correspondence between the experimental lightest scalar f ₀(600) , k \kappa , a ₀(980) , f ₀(980) mesons and the theoretical scalar nonet s \sigma , k \kappa , s^￠ \sigma^{{\prime}}_{} , e \epsilon fields in the chiral SU(3) quark model. For scalar mesons, we consider two different mixing cases: one is the ideal mixing and another is the q_s \theta_{s}^{} = 19^° mixing. The masses of the s^￠ \sigma^{{\prime}}_{} and e \epsilon mesons are taken to be 980MeV, which are just the masses of the experimental a ₀(980) , f ₀(980) mesons. The mass of the s \sigma meson is an adjustable parameter and is decided by fitting the binding energy of the deuteron, the masses of 560MeV and 644MeV are obtained for the ideal mixing and the q_s \theta_{s}^{} = 19^° mixing, respectively. We find that, in order to reasonably describe the YN interactions, the mass of the k \kappa meson is near 780MeV for the ideal mixing. However, we must enhance the mass of the k \kappa meson for the q_s \theta_{s}^{} = 19^° mixing, the 1050MeV is favorably used in the present work. The experimental s \sigma and k \kappa scalar mesons are very strange, both have larger widths. Hence, no matter what kind of mixing is considered, all the masses of scalar mesons we used in the present work seem to be consistent with the present PDG information.     

≡ Hypernuclei

We consider the possibility of forming doubly strange Ξ hypernuclei via the (K^?, K) reactions on various nuclear targets. Because of the high momentum transfer involved, even at 0°, the formation of high spin states is strongly favored. The available experimental information on the elementary processes K^?p → K⁺Ξ^? or K⁰Ξ⁰ is reviewed, leading to the determination of an optimum incident K^? momentum of about 1.9 GeV/c for the forward formation of discrete Ξ hypernuclear states. The cross section for the process ΞN → ΛΛ, responsible for the damping width of Ξ states in nuclei, is estimated theoretically and the very limited experimental data are also reviewed. The resulting Ξ hypernuclear widths are of order 5 MeV. Emulsion data which have been interpreted as due to the existence of ΛΛ and Ξ^? hypernuclei are discussed and used to obtain an approximate Ξ nuclear well-depth of 21–24 MeV. For this range of values, spectra of single particle Ξ^? states are obtained, and calculated angular distributions for the formation of simple Ξ^? particle-proton hole states in ⁴He, ¹²C and ²⁸Si targets are presented. The peak 0° lab cross section at p_lab = 1.9 GeV/c for such states ranges from tens of $\text{nb}\text{sr}$ to about 1 $\text{μ}\text{b}\text{sr}$. We briefly mention other methods for forming Ξ hypernuclei, such as the three body reaction K^?N → KπΞ (or $\text{K}{}^{\mathrm{?}}\text{p → K}{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{K}{}^0\text{Ω}{}^{\mathrm{?}}$ for $\text{Ω}{}^{\mathrm{?}}$ hypernuclei).     

Hypernuclei with sigma particles

The production of Σ particles in the (K⁻, π⁻) on ⁹Be at 720 MeV/c has been studied at the CERN proton synchrotron (PS). The missing-mass spectrum shows structures in the Σ region, which have been interpreted as belonging to hypernuclei with sigma particles. An upper limit of 8 MeV for the width of these states has been estimated.     

On-shell baryon-baryon semi-local duality relations

Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields - Parent-parent on-shell semi-local duality relations betweens − andu-channel resonances in πN amplitudes are studied. The duality...     

奇特核和超核中的晕现象

讨论奇特核和超核中的各种晕现象. 根据密度相关零程对力的相对论连续谱Hartree Bogoliubov理论给出的计算结果， 预言了中子滴线附近的Ca原子核中可能存在着巨晕， 并简要介绍了O， Ni， Zr， Sn和Pb等一些质子幻数核从质子滴线到中子滴线之间的原子核基态性质. 随后给出超核内的晕现象研究， 如Ca超核内的中子晕和153ΛC内的单Λ超子晕. Halos in the relativistic continuum Hartree Bogoliubov (RCHB) theory are investigated，including giant halo in the even N Ca isotope near neutron drip line，halos in hypernuclei and the hyperon halos in 153ΛC.     

Hypernuclei as chiral solitons

Identification of flavored multiskyrmions with the ground states of known hypernuclei is successful for several of them, e.g., for the isodoublet _Λ ⁴ H- _Λ ⁴ He and isoscalars _Λ ⁵ He and _Λ ⁷ Li. In other cases, agreement is not so good, but as the baryon number increases, the behavior of the binding energy qualitatively agrees with the data. Charmed or beautiful hypernuclei are predicted within this approach to be bound more strongly than strange hypernuclei. This conclusion is stable with respect to a certain variation of poorly known heavy flavor decay constants.     

Few-Body Approaches and Problems in Hypernuclei

It takes two nucleons to bind a Λ hyperon, and perhaps as many as three nucleons to bind two Λ hyperons. Here I review few-body calculations which consider the onset of binding in multi-strange hypernuclei, including ${\Xi}$ hyperons once the free-space strong-interaction conversion ${\Xi N \to \Lambda \Lambda}$ becomes Pauli forbidden in Λ-abundant matter. Quasibound states of ${\overline {K}}$ mesons in few-nucleon systems are also briefly discussed.     

Cluster production and the pomeron in meson-baryon and baryon-baryon collisions

The bare pomeron in models based on duality diagrams is found to contribute very differently at low energies to pp and Kp total cross-sections. A simple quantitative comparison of these cross-sections is found to be consistent with phenomenological cluster production models.     

Electro-Production of Light Lambda Hypernuclei

Through the study of light hypernuclei, we can learn about hyperon nucleon interaction. The hypernuclear spectroscopy with electron beams is one of most powerful methods to study detailed structure of light hypernuclei thanks to its high energy resolution. With a decade of efforts at Jefferson Lab, the spectroscopy of Λ hypernuclei with an electron beam is now established. Observation of ${_{\Lambda}^{7}}$ He which gave the last missing binding energy of the A = 7, T = 1 iso-triplet hypernuclei provides an important experimental input for the charge symmetry breaking (CSB) effect of the ΛN interaction. Further study about A = 4 hypernuclear iso-doublet, ${_{\Lambda}^{4}}$ H and ${_{\Lambda}^{4}}$ He, is necessary and such experiments are now planned.     

Three- and Four-body Structure of Light Hypernuclei

Hypernuclear physics has become very exciting owing to new epoch-making experimental data.Recent progress in theoretical and experimental studies of hypernuclei and future developments in this field are discussed.     

Decay Pion Spectroscopy of Electro-Produced Hypernuclei

The investigation of light hypernuclei is quite important for understanding the basic YN interaction and the mechanism of hypernuclear structure. We started the commissioning of the decay pion spectroscopy of light hypernuclei at MAMI-C in 2011. In order to realize the K⁺ tagging efficiently, some detectors on KAOS spectrometer were upgraded or newly installed. The existing and well-studied spectrometers, SpekA, SpekC were used as pion spectrometers. The analysis is ongoing to estimate the detectors performance and develop the spectrometers for future experiments with higher beam intensity. The preliminary results of the particle identification are presented in this article.     

超核γ谱学研究进展

近年来 ,在7ΛLi超核γ谱学实验中 ,通过基态二重态间自旋翻转M1跃迁能量的测定 ,为ΛN自旋 自旋相互作用强度提供了重要的信息 ;通过对约化跃迁几率B(E2 ;7ΛLi 5 / 2 + → 1/ 2 + )的测定 ,表明7ΛLi中的6Li核心比自由空间中6Li核要小 ,Λ超子的胶样作用引起了7ΛLi核的收缩 . The recent progress in gamma-ray spectroscopy of hypernuclei is described. The spin-flip M1 γ transition between the ground-state spin doublet of 7 ΛLi has been observed. The transition energy provides crucial information on the strength of the spin-spin intetraction between Λ and nucleons. The experimental result of B(E2; 7 ΛLi 5/2 +→1/2 +) gives evidence that the size of the 6Li core in 7 ΛLi is smaller than that for the 6Li nucleus in the free space, indicating that the...     

Tensor-Optimized Shell Model for s-Shell Hypernuclei

The explicit ΛN ? ΣN coupling in s-shell hypernuclei is studied by using the tensor-optimized shell model. We show the obtained results of s-shell hypernuclei, ${_{\Lambda}^{4}{\rm H}}$ and ${_{\Lambda}^{5}{\rm He}}$ , and investigate the roles of the ΛN ? ΣN coupling interaction in those hypernuclei.     

Weakly Bound States in Light Hypernuclei

From the viewpoint of critical stability, we discuss the three- and four-body structure of ⁶He, ⁷He, ⁴He, and ⁴H. With the + + N three-body model, ⁶He is found to have a three-layer structure of the matter distribution: core, a skin and neutron halo. Also the level structure of ⁷He with the three-body model of ⁵He + n + n is predicted. This stimulates a new study of neutron-rich and proton-rich hypernuclei. By performing a four-body calculation with both NNN and NNN channels and with both NN and NNN channels, we show that the N-N and -N couplings are very important in critical stability of few-body hypernuclear systems.     

Giant Monopole Resonance and Nuclear Incompressibility of Hypernuclei

The isoscalar giant monopole resonances(ISGMRs)of hypernuclei_(AA)~(42)Ca,_(AA)~(122)Sn,and_(AA)~(210)Pb are investigated using a fully self-consistent Skyrme-Hartree-Fock plus random phase approximation method.The Skyrme-type forces,SGII,No.5 and SAAl,are adopted to describe the nucleon-nucleon,A hyperon-nucleon and A hyperon-A hyperon(AA)interactions,respectively.For a given hyperon fraction,we find that effects of AA interaction on the properties of infinite symmetric nuclear matter and finite hypernuclei are very small.The ISGMR strengths are shifted to the high energy region when two A are added into normal nuclei.The changes are from two parts,one is due to the mean field calculations,and the other is from the residual interaction associated with A hyperons.The constrained energies are increased by about 0.5-0.7MeV,which consequently enhances the effective incompressibility modulus of hypernuclei.     

∧超核中单粒子谱的自旋及赝自旋对称性研究(英文)

原子核中单粒子谱的自旋和赝自旋对称性对核结构的研究具有重要意义。本文基于相对论平均场理论,以132Sn,_∧133Sn,及_2∧134Sn为例,研究了∧超核中单∧谱和单中子谱的自旋和赝自旋对称性。研究发现,单∧谱的自旋对称性保持得相当好,与实验观测一致;而其赝自旋对称性只是近似保持,与核子谱的情况类似。此外,还研究了∧超子对中子谱的杂质效应,发现∧超子使中子谱的自旋对称性变差,赝自旋对称性变好。Spin and pseudospin symmetries in the single-particle spectra of atomic nuclei are of great significance for the study of nuclear structure. In this work, taking 132Sn, _∧133Sn, and _2∧134Sn as examples, the spin and pseudospin symmetries in ∧ hypernuclei are studied by using the relativistic mean-field model. For the single-∧ spectra, results show that the spin symmetry maintains well while the pseudospin symmetry is approximately conserved. Besides, as impurities, the ∧ hyperons worsen the spin symmetry of single-neutron spectra while improve the pseudospin symmetry.     

Relativistic Hypernuclei: Old Problems and New Prospects

The first experiments with relativistic hypernuclei (Bowen; Khorozov and Lukstins) were done many years ago. They demonstrated not only that such extremely difficult experiments are manageable but also their great advantage, a possibility of observing and studying independently the production and weak decay of hypernuclei: the points of the production and decay of relativistic hypernuclei are separated by tens of centimeters instead of some microns in classical experiments. At the same time these first experiments revealed a huge problem with selection of the proper trigger.Recently we proposed to explore a unique feature of the ⁹Be nucleus: after removing a neutron from its ground state several groups of alpha-particles appear from different excited states of a residual nucleus ⁸Be. Detection of the correlated pair of -particles produced in a vacuum volume at a distance of some 40 cm from target is an unambiguous signal of nonmesonic decay of hypernucleus ¹⁰ Be(++n+n) or ¹⁰ Be(++n+p). In this particular case it is possible to take exclusive decay rates (on different excited states of ⁸Be^*). This open a way for a phenomenological analysis of matrix elements of the four-baryon weak interaction.The experiment is approved for new accelerator Nuclotron at JINR, Dubna.     

夸克平均场模型研究有限核及超核

采用组分夸克模型描述重子,首先由自由核子及超子的性质定出模型参数,进一步考虑核介质中重子性质的变化,核介质中的介子平均场直接与重子内部的组分夸克相互作用.夸克平均场模型已被用于研究有限核及超核的性质,能够给出令人满意的有限核及超核的性质,该模型也预言了核介质中核子体积的膨胀及核子有效质量的降低. The quark mean field model, which describes the baryon by using the constituent quark model, is applied to study the properties of finite nuclei and hypernuclei. The meson mean fields couple directly with the quarks and change the properties of baryons in nuclear medium. The quark mean field model provides satisfactory results on the properties of spherical nuclei and hypernuclei. It also predicts an increasing size of the nucleon as well as a reduction of the effective mass in the nuclear environment.