Magnetic hyperfine field at Cr site in AgCrO2 given by Perturbed angular correlations

This work presents an electric field gradient and magnetic hyperfine field study, in the AgCrO₂ multiferroic with triangular spin lattice. The temperature dependence of the electric field gradient (efg) and magnetic hyperfine field (mhf) at Cr site was studied at isolde via perturbed angular correlation measurements with the ¹¹¹In probe, at room temperature and below the Néel temperature (T?≤?21 K) down to 12 K. The results show the presence of two distinct local environments. One axial symmetric efg with a very low mhf, and a non axially symmetric efg with a much higher one. The temperature dependences of mhf magnitude and of the angle between the mhf and the principle component of the efg are investigated.     

Spezifischer Energieverlust von schweren Ionen in Aluminium,Silber und Gold

Using a Cf²⁵²-fission source and two semiconductor detectors in 180°-position the specific energy loss of heavy ions in A1-, Ag-, and Au-foils was measured. The agreement with the results ofMoak andBrown, and ofKahn andForgue is better than 15%. The energy loss predicted byLindhard is 10–25% lower than the measured values. A better agreement — especially for absorbers with low atomic numberZ — is achieved by a semiempirical formula proposed byMünzel.     

Determination of relaxation times for iron ions from Mössbauer data

An analysis is made of the experimental results ofBruckner et al., in terms of the relaxation model ofvan der Woude andDekker, and a comparison is made with Wegener's analysis. The two approaches lead in principle to relaxation parameters independent ofH/T and a discrepancy reported byWegener does not exist.     

MCPLOTS: a particle physics resource based on volunteer computing

The mcplots.cern.ch web site (mcplots) provides a simple online repository of plots made with high-energy-physics event generators, comparing them to a wide variety of experimental data. The repository is based on the hepdata online database of experimental results and on the rivet Monte Carlo analysis tool. The repository is continually updated and relies on computing power donated by volunteers, via the lhc@home 2.0 platform.     

Simulating spin-\frac{3}{2} particles at colliders

Support for interactions of spin- $\frac{3}{2}$ particles is implemented in the FeynRules and ALOHA packages and tested with the MadGraph 5 and CalcHEP event generators in the context of three phenomenological applications. In the first, we implement a spin- $\frac{3}{2}$ Majorana gravitino field, as in local supersymmetric models, and study gravitino and gluino pair-production. In the second, a spin- $\frac{3}{2}$ Dirac top-quark excitation, inspired from compositeness models, is implemented. We then investigate both top-quark excitation and top-quark pair-production. In the third, a general effective operator for a spin- $\frac{3}{2}$ Dirac quark excitation is implemented, followed by a calculation of the angular distribution of the s-channel production mechanism.     

The determination by an independent method ofP k electron capture probabilities in133Ba and139Ce decays gamma decay of133Ba

The electron capture decays of¹³³Ba (10.4 y) and¹³⁹Ce (140 d) were investigated with high resolution Ge(Li) detectors. By x-ray — γ-ray coincidences values of the quantityP _k ω _k ? _k for various transitions in the decay of¹³³Ba and¹³⁹Ce are obtained. The factor ω _k ? _k was measured independently by means ofK-conversion electron-K x-ray coincidences and was then used to determineP _k , theK-capture probability. The independent measurement of the product ω _k ? _k , together with recent accurate values of ω _k , provides a new method for the accurate calibration of semiconductor x-ray detectors. In the decay of¹³⁹Ce, a value ofP _k =0.78±0.03 is found (where the error represents twice the standard deviation) from whichQ _ec =326 _?30 ⁺⁷⁰ keV to the¹³⁹La ground-state is found by use of theory. In¹³³Ba decay, values are found ofP _k 1=0.72±0.04 for theEC transition to the 437 keV level in¹³³Cs,P _k 2=0.80±0.07 to the 384 keV level, and from an independent measurement, the ratioP _k 1/P _k 2=0.87±0.07. From these results the ground-state value ofQ _ec =522 _?10 ⁺²⁰ keV is derived from theory for¹³³Ba decay. The gamma spectrum of¹³³Ba also was remeasured. From the present gamma intensities and previous conversion electron intensities, new values forK-shell conversion coefficients are obtained. Previously reported γ-rays at 35 and 391 keV are not confirmed.     

Das kritische Magnetfeld Hc∥ von dünnen supraleitenden Filmen

Thin superconducting films in a surface parallel magnetic field are considered, assuming that the order parameter is constant in space. Without any further restrictions on the film thickness,a, an equation for the critical field is derived. In the clean limit, this equation is valid only in the vicinity of T_c, but in the dirty limit it is valid for all temperatures. Our results, for specular reflection, are identical with those obtained byThompson andBaratoff. But for not too thin films we find essential differences between the results for specular and for diffus reflection. For very thin films (a?v/2πT _c), considered in detail byde Gennes andTinkham and byShapoval, our results are in agreement with those obtained byShapoval. In the opposit limit (a?v/2π T _c), the most essential corrections to the Ginzburg-Landau result obtained byLüders are rederived.     

Messung der Oberflächenspannung der flüssigen Alkalimetalle im Ultra-Hochvakuum

The surface tension of highly purified, liquid alkali metals and its temperature dependence have been measured under ultra-high-vacuum conditions. The results obtained for sodium agree with those ofAddison andTaylor as well as with theoretical values given byStratton andZadumkin, whereas the results on K, Rb and Cs are different from all values obtained hitherto by others. The temperature dependence of surface tension of all alkalis follows theoretical predictions. There is no observable influence of Ar and O₂ on the surface tension up to 10^?3 Torr.     

The Strong Interaction at the Collider and Cosmic-Rays Frontiers

First data on inclusive particle production measured in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are compared to predictions of various hadron-interaction Monte Carlos (qgsjet, epos and sibyll) used commonly in high-energy cosmic-ray physics. While reasonable overall agreement is found for some of the models, none of them reproduces consistently the ${\sqrt{s}}$ evolution of all the measured observables. We discuss the implications of the new LHC data for the modeling of the non-perturbative and semihard parton dynamics in hadron–hadron and cosmic-rays interactions at the highest energies studied today.     

On the energy-dependence of the mass-operator and the „effective-interaction“

We consider a microscopic system \(\mathfrak{S}\) coupled to a bath \(\mathfrak{B}\) and establish a non-Markoffian master equation for the reduced statistical operator of \(\mathfrak{S}\) , valid in theBorn approximation. Discussing in detail theBorn approximation we find as a general condition for its validity that a certain “strength function” should not degenerate to one or more extremly sharp and high lines.     

Polynomial behaviour of scattering amplitudes at fixed momentum transfer in theories with local observables

It is shown that, in theories of exactly localized observables, of the type proposed byAraki andHaag, the reaction amplitude for two particles giving two particles is polynomially bounded ins for fixed momentum transfert<0. The proof does not need observables localized in space-time regions of arbitrarily small volume, but uses relativistic invariance in an essential way. It is given for the case of spinless neutral particles, but is easily extendable to all cases of charge and spin. The proof can also be generalized to the case of particles described by regularized products $$\int {\varphi (x_1 ,..., x_n ) \phi _1 } (x - x_1 ) ... \phi _n (x - x_n )dx_1 ...dx_n $$ ofWightman orJaffe fields.     

Approximate analysis of planar photonic bandgap waveguides: a simple semi-analytical method

A semi-analytical approximate method, Vopt, is applied to a planar photonic bandgap (PBG) waveguide and a coupler configuration. The variational process of the Vopt method presents simple effective index analysis of the complex two dimensional (2-D) structures. The Vopt method expresses the refractive index profile of the 2-D structure as two 1-D refractive index profiles and obtains the optimized indices for the two structures iteratively. The Vopt method separates the planar PBG waveguide into an effective multilayer waveguide confining optical field in the lateral direction and a 1-D Bragg reflector that gives characteristic reflection/transmission spectra. The results obtained by the Vopt method show good agreement with the numerical results of the finite difference time domain analysis. The present analysis is helpful in understanding the optical properties of such complex waveguides and can be used as starting approximation for optimizing the structures for various applications.     

MC-Simulation of the Transverse Double Spin Asymmetry for RHIC

We give a leading order estimate of the hadronic transverse double spin asymmetry in the Drell-Yan process at RHIC using Sphinx tt,anew polarized version ofthe Monte Carlo Pythia 5.6. We also calculate the statistical error to next to leading order with Pythia 5.7. Both quantities are of the same order if one assumes that the transversity weighted parton distributions equal the helicity weighted ones at some low perturbative scale Q ₀ ² .     

Complete mass spectra ofq\bar q andQ\bar q mesons with improved Bethe-Salpeter dynamics of confinementmesons with improved Bethe-Salpeter dynamics of confinement

The Bethe-Salpeter (bs) dynamics of harmonic confinement developed byanm and collaborators over the last three years and already applied with considerable experimental success to various hadron spectra and coupling structures has been significantly improved through (i) a more exact treatment of a certain momentum-dependent operator \(\hat Q_q \) appearing in thebs equation, using the techniques of SO (2, 1) Lie algebra, and (ii) a sharpened definition of theqcd Coulomb term, so as to yield unambiguous values for different flavour sectors. The resulting mass spectra of light \((q\bar q)\) meson towers and semi-heavy \((Q\bar q)\) quarkonia which are most sensitive to the improved treatment of \(\hat Q_q \) , reveal excellent agreement with experiment, one in which only slight changes in the reduced spring constant \((\tilde \omega )\) and quark masses (m _q ) over the earlier parametrizations are involved. These changes are however found to have a negligible effect on the (already good) numerical values of the other predictions (electroweak and pionic couplings) depending on the \(q\bar q\) andqqq wave functions. A critical assessment of the strong and weak points of this method is madevis-a-vis other related approaches.     

Selective and sensitive voltammetric sensor based on modified multiwall carbon nanotubes paste electrode for simultaneous determination of l-cysteine and folic acid

This paper reports the selective and sensitive voltammetric determination of l-cysteine in the presence of folic acid using ethynylferrocene modified carbon nanotubes paste electrode in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0). Using square wave voltammetry, we could measure l-cysteine and folic acid in one mixture independently from each other by a potential difference of about 410 mV for the first time. Square wave voltammetric peak current of l-cysteine and folic acid increased linearly with their concentrations in the ranges of 0.2–250.0 and 1.0–500.0 μmol?L^?1, respectively. The detection limits of 0.07 and 0.6 μmol?L^?1 were achieved for l-cysteine and folic acid, respectively. The proposed voltammetric sensor was successfully applied to the determination of l-cysteine and folic acid in real samples.     

PENTATRAP: a novel cryogenic multi-Penning-trap experiment for high-precision mass measurements on highly charged ions

The novel five-Penning-trap mass spectrometer Pentatrap is developed at the Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg. Ions of interest are long-lived highly charged nuclides up to bare uranium. Pentatrap aims for an accuracy of a few parts in 10¹² for mass ratios of mass doublets. A physics program for Pentatrap includes Q-value measurements of β-transitions relevant for neutrino physics, stringent tests of quantum electrodynamics in the regime of extreme electric fields, and a test of special relativity. Main features of Pentatrap are an access to a source of highly charged ions, a multi-trap configuration, simultaneous measurements of frequencies, a continuous precise monitoring of magnetic field fluctuations, a fast exchange between different ions, and a highly sensitive cryogenic non-destructive detection system. This article gives a motivation for the new mass spectrometer Pentatrap, presents its experimental setup, and describes the present status.     

Laser assisted decay spectroscopy at the CRIS beam line at ISOLDE

The new collinear resonant ionization spectroscopy (Cris) experiment at Isolde, Cern uses laser radiation to stepwise excite and ionize an atomic beam for the purpose of ultra-sensitive detection of rare isotopes and hyperfine structure measurements. The technique also offers the ability to purify an ion beam that is contaminated with radioactive isobars, including the ground state of an isotope from its isomer. A new program using the Cris technique to select only nuclear isomeric states for decay spectroscopy commenced last year. The isomeric ion beam is selected using a resonance within its hyperfine structure and subsequently deflected to a decay spectroscopy station. This consists of a rotating wheel implantation system for alpha and beta decay spectroscopy, and up to three high purity germanium detectors for gamma-ray detection. This paper gives an introduction to the Cris technique, the current status of the laser assisted decay spectroscopy set-up and recent results from the experiment in November 2011.     

Mechanoluminescence of coloured KCl crystals

The gamma-irradiated KCl crystals exhibit mechanoluminescence during elastic, plastic and fracture deformation. The mechanoluminiscence (ml) intensity varies linearly with the number of newly-created dislocations and decreases with successive application and release of uniaxial pressure. The totalml intensity increases with applied pressure as well as with the temperature of the crystals. On the basis of the movement of the dislocations, the pressure and temperature dependence ofml is discussed.