Heteronuclear Nickel‐Iron Complexes and the Crystal Structure of [Fe2(CO)6(μ3‐S)2{Ni(dppe)}]

A series of heteronuclear nickel‐iron complexes [Fe₂(CO)₆(μ‐SH)(μ₃‐S){NiCl(PPh₃)₂}] ( 1 ), [Fe₂(CO)₆(μ‐SH)(μ₃‐S){NiCl(dppe)}] ( 2 ), [Fe₂(CO)₆(μ₃‐S)₂{Ni(PPh₃)₂}] ( 3 ), [Fe₂(CO)₆(μ₃‐S)₂{Ni(dppe)}] ( 4 ) and [Fe₂(CO)₆(μ‐SPh)(μ₃‐S){NiCl(dppe)}] ( 5 ) have been prepared. The structure of 4 has been determined by X‐ray crystallography. The central metal‐sulfur core of 4 has a trigonal bipyramidal shape with a NiFe₂ base plane with two axial sulfur atoms. Each iron atom is 5‐coordinate forming a distorted square pyramid; the nickel is square planar coordinated by two sulfur atoms and two phosphorus atoms.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis,Crystal Structure Determination,and Magnetic Properties of a New Calcium Iron Iridium Hydrogarnet Ca3(Ir2–xFex)(FeO4)2–x(O4H4)1+x with 0 ≤ x ≤ 1

The new calcium iron iridium hydrogarnet Ca₃(Ir_2–xFe_x)(FeO₄)_2–x(H₄O₄)_1+x (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) was obtained by hydrothermal synthesis under strongly oxidizing alkaline conditions. The compound adopts a garnet‐like crystal structure and crystallizes in the acentric cubic space group I4 3d (no. 220) with a = 12.5396(6) Å determined at T = 100 K for a crystal with a refined composition Ca₃(Ir_1.4Fe_0.6)(FeO₄)_1.4(O₄H₄)_1.6. Iridium and iron statistically occupy the octahedrally coordinated metal position, the two crystallographically independent tetrahedral sites are partially occupied by iron. Hydroxide groups are found to cluster as hydrogarnet defects, i.e. partially substituting oxide anions around the empty tetrahedral metal sites. The presence of hydroxide ions was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and the hydrogen content was quantified by carrier gas hot extraction; the overall composition was verified by energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The structure model is supported by ⁵⁷Fe‐Mössbauer spectroscopic data evidencing different Fe sites and a magnetic ordering of the octahedral iron sublattice at room temperature. The thermal decomposition proceeds via three steps of water loss and results in Ca₂Fe₂O₅, Fe₂O₃ and Ir. Mössbauer and magnetization data suggest magnetic order at ambient temperature with complex magnetic interactions.     

New penta-nuclear and hepta-nuclear iron(II, III) complexes with ferrocenedicarboxylic acid

The reaction of [Fe₃EuO₂(O₂CCCl₃)₈(H₂O)(THF)₃] or [Fe₂CaO(O₂CCCl₃)₆(THF)₄] and [Fe₃O(O₂CCMe₃)₆(H₂O)₃]NO₃ with 1,1′-ferrocenedicarboxylic acid (fcdcH₂) yielded penta- and hepta-nuclear [Fe₄O₂(O₂CCCl₃)₆(fcdc)(THF)₂(H₂O)₂] and [Fe₆O₂(OH)₂(O₂CCMe₃)₁₀(fcdc)(H₂O)₂], respectively, which are the first X-ray structurally characterized clusters comprising Fe(III) and the ferrocenedicarboxylic organometallic ligand. Variable-temperature solid-state magnetic susceptibility measurements in the temperature range 1.8–300 K were carried out, and for both complexes a predominantly antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between the metal centres was observed. Mössbauer investigations show the presence of different environments for the Fe(III) atoms and confirm that no electron-transfer from Fe(II) of the ferrocene unit to Fe(III) of the central core occurs.     

Influence of the nacnac Ligand in Iron(I)‐Mediated P4 Transformations

A study of P₄ transformations at low‐valent iron is presented using β‐diketiminato (L) Fe^I complexes [LFe(tol)] (tol=toluene; L=L¹ ( 1 a ), L² ( 1 b ), L³ ( 1 c )) with different combinations of aromatic and backbone substituents at the ligand. The products [(LFe)₄(μ₄‐η²:η²:η²:η²‐P₈)] (L=L¹ ( 2 a ), L² ( 2 b )) containing a P₈ core were obtained by the reaction of 1 a,b with P₄ in toluene at room temperature. Using a slightly more sterically encumbered ligand in 1 c results in the formation of [(L³Fe)₂(μ‐η⁴:η⁴‐P₄)] ( 2 c ), possessing a cyclo‐P₄ moiety. Compounds 2 a – c were comprehensively characterized and their electronic structures investigated by SQUID magnetization and ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy as well as by DFT methods.     

Synthese und Eigenschaften von Eisen(II)-Komplexen mit vier- und fünfzähnigen N,S-Chelatliganden. Kristallstruktur von [Fe(GBMA)py] · py (GBMA2− = Glyoxal-bis-(2-mercaptoanil))

Synthesis and Properties of Iron(II) Complexes with tetra- and pentadentate N,S-Chelate Ligands. Crystal Structure of [Fe(GBMA)py] · py (GBMA^2? = Glyoxal bis-(2-mercaptoanil)) The complexes glyoxal-bis-(2-mercaptoanil)iron(II) [Fe(GBMA)], diacetyl-bis-(2-mercaptoanil)iron(II), [Fe(DBMA)] and o-phthalaldehyde-bis-(2-mercaptoanil)iron(II) [Fe(PhBMA)] have been synthesized by reaction of the corresponding protonated ligands with anhydrous iron(II)-acetate. Pyridine-2,6-dialdehyde-bis-(2-mercaptoanil)iron(II), [Fe(PyBMA)] was obtained by a template synthesis with pyridine-2,6-dialdehyde, 2-aminothiophenol and iron(II)-acetate. Recrystallizing the complexes [Fe(GBMA)] and [Fe(DBMA)] from pyridine afforded [Fe(GBMA)py] · py and [Fe(DBMA)py] · py. For all complexes the magnetic properties have been determined, and the Mössbauer spectra were recorded at 82 K. Compounds [Fe(GBMA)] and [Fe(DBMA)] show quasi reversible redox properties in the cyclovoltammogram, while for [Fe(PhBMA)] an irreversible oxidation was observed. [Fe(GBMA)py] · py crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁ with a = 1288.7(1), b = 1242.63(5), c = 1396.0(1) pm, β = 98.24(1)°, and Z = 4. In the neutral complex the Fe atom has a square pyramidal coordination with the pyridine nitrogen atom in apical position. The basal plane is formed by two nitrogen and two sulfur atoms of the ligand GBMA^2?. The iron is located 40 pm above the pyramidal base. Its average distances to the donor atoms of the GBMA ligand are Fe? N = 190 pm, and Fe? S = 222 pm, while the distance to the nitrogen atom of the coordinated pyridine molecule is 207 pm.     

Eu3F4S2: Synthesis, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of the mixed-valent europium(II,III) fluoride sulfide EuF2·(EuFS)2

Using the method to synthesize rare-earth metal(III) fluoride sulfides MFS (M=Y, La, Ce–Lu), in some cases we were able to obtain mixed-valent compounds such as Yb₃F₄S₂ instead. With Eu₃F₄S₂ another isotypic representative has now been synthesized. Eu₃F₄S₂ (tetragonal, I4/mmm, a=400.34(2), c=1928.17(9) pm, Z=2) is obtained from the reaction of metallic europium, elemental sulfur, and europium trifluoride in a molar ratio of 5:6:4 within seven days at 850 °C in silica-jacketed gas-tightly sealed platinum ampoules. The single-phase product consists of black plate-shaped single crystals with a square cross section, which can be obtained from a flux using equimolar amounts of NaCl as fluxing agent. The crystal structure is best described as an intergrowth structure, in which one layer of CaF₂-type EuF₂ is followed by two layers of PbFCl-type EuFS when sheeted parallel to the (001) plane. Accordingly there are two chemically and crystallographically different europium cations present. One of them (Eu²⁺) is coordinated by eight fluoride anions in a cubic fashion, the other one (Eu³⁺) exhibits a monocapped square antiprismatic coordination sphere with four F⁻ and five S²⁻ anions. Although the structural ordering of the different charged europium cations is plausible, a certain amount of charge delocalization with some polaron activity has to take place, which is suggested by the black color of the title compound. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements of Eu₃F₄S₂ show Curie–Weiss behavior with an experimental magnetic moment of 8.19(5) μ_B per formula unit and a paramagnetic Curie temperature of 0.3(2) K. No magnetic ordering is observed down to 4.2 K. In accordance with an ionic formula splitting like (Eu^II)(Eu^III)₂F₄S₂ only one third of the europium centers in Eu₃F₄S₂ carry permanent magnetic moments. ¹⁵¹Eu-Mössbauer spectroscopic experiments at 4.2 K show one signal at an isomer shift of −12.4(1) mm/s and a second one at 0.42(4) mm/s. These signals occur in a ratio of 1:2 and correspond to Eu²⁺ and Eu³⁺, respectively. The spectra at 78 and 298 K are similar, thus no change in the Eu²⁺/Eu³⁺ fraction can be detected.     

Mössbauer Spectroscopic Studies of Supported α-Fe2O3 and Fe Catalysts II: The Effect of the Second Metal Addition

The effect of the addition of a second metals such as Zn and Ni on the calcinaton and reduction of alumina, magnesia and silicasupported iron catalysis with total iron loading of 5wt% is investigated by Mössbauer spectroscopy. It is shown that the reducibility of supported α-Fe₂O₃ is gradually increased by adding the second metal. The values of the magnetic hyperfine field obtained from Mössbauer spectra for the Zn or Ni-added α-Fe₂O₃ or Fe catalysts decreased with increasing second metal loading.     

Fe4Si2Sn7O16: Eine Kombination von FeSn6-Oktaedern mit Schichten von (Fe3Sn)O6-Oktaedern; Präparation,Eigenschaften und Kristallstruktur [1]

Fe₄Si₂Sn₇O₁₆: A Combination of FeSn₆-Octahedra with Layers of (Fe₃Sn)O₆-Octahedra; Preparation, Properties, and Crystal Structure Fe₄Si₂Sn₇O₁₆ has been prepared by a solid state reaction at 900 °C from a mixture of Fe₂O₃, SnO₂, Sn, and Si. The compound is a paramagnetic semiconductor. Results of Mössbauer and suszeptibility measurements as well as bond length-bond strength calculations lead to the possible ionic formulation Fe₄²⁺Si₂⁴⁺Sn₁²⁺Sn₁⁴⁺O₁₆^2–. The compound crystallizes in the trigonal space group P3m1 (no. 164), with one formula unit per cell. Lattice parameters obtained by powder measurements are: a = 6.8243(6) Å, c = 9.1404(6) Å, γ = 120°, V = 368.6(1) ų. The structure consists of layers of edge linked oxygen octehedra exactly centered by Sn and Fe in the ratio 1 : 3. Three plains of isolated SiO₄ tetrahedra, FeSn₆ octahedra and again SiO₄ terahedra are inserted between two such layers. The layers are stacked along [001] and linked three-dimensionally by oxygen.     

Homoleptic Organoderivatives of High‐Valent Nickel(III)

Homoleptic perhalophenyl derivatives of divalent nickel complexes with the general formula [NBu₄]₂[Ni^II (C₆X₅)₄] [X=F ( 1 ), Cl ( 2 )] have been prepared by low‐temperature treatment of the halo‐complex precursor [NBu₄]₂[NiBr₄] with the corresponding organolithium reagent LiC₆X₅. Compounds 1 and 2 are electrochemically related by reversible one‐electron exchange processes with the corresponding organometallate(III) compounds [NBu₄][Ni^III (C₆X₅)₄] [X=F ( 3 ), Cl ( 4 )]. The potentials of the [Ni^III (C₆X₅)₄]^?/[Ni^II (C₆X₅)₄]^2? couples are +0.07 and ?0.11 V for X=F or Cl, respectively. Compounds 3 and 4 have also been prepared and isolated in good yield by chemical oxidation of 1 or 2 with bromine or the amminium salt [N(C₆H₄Br‐4)₃][SbCl₆]. The [Ni^III (C₆X₅)₄]^? species have SP‐4 structures in the salts 3 and 4 , as established by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction methods. The [Ni^II (C₆F₅)₄]^2? ion in the parent compound 1 has also been found to exhibit a rather similar SP‐4 structure. According to their SP‐4 geometry, the Ni^III compounds (d⁷) behave as S=1/2 systems both at microscopic (EPR) and macroscopic levels (ac and dc magnetization measurements). The spin Hamiltonian parameters obtained from the analysis of the magnetic behavior of 3 and 4 within the framework of ligand field theory show that the unpaired electron is centered mainly on the metal atom, with >97 % estimated d contribution. Thermal decomposition of 3 and 4 proceeds with formation of the corresponding C₆X₅? C₆X₅ coupling compounds.