On the Role of Supercritical Water in Laser-Induced Backside Wet Etching of Glass

The features and mechanisms of microcrater formation in optical silicate glass by laser-induced backside wet etching (LIBWE) are determined in a wide range of energy densities (Φ) from 4 to 10³ J/cm² for laser pulses of 5 ns length and 1 kHz repetition rate. The existence of two different mechanisms of laserinduced microcrater formation is revealed: (i) chemical etching in supercritical water (SCW), and (ii) cavitation. At Φ > 10² J/cm² irregular craters of 1–20 μm in depth with rough walls and distinct cracks around microcrater are formed testifying that in such mode (“hard”) laser induced cavitation plays a dominant role in glass removal. At Φ < J/cm² neat glass craters with smooth walls are formed, their size and shape are easily reproducible, cracks are not formed, and the processing area is limited to the laser spot area. In this mode (“soft mode with active cavitation”), a microcirculation of water is stimulated by cavitation without causing undesirable shock breakage. The latter is achieved thanks to the fast removal of glass etching products by microcirculation, and the inflow of “fresh” etchant (SCW) to the glass surface in the vicinity of the formed microcraters. Such mode is optimal for highly controlled laser microstructuring of glass and other optically transparent materials.     

Coverage and Structure of Films of Spherical Particles Deposited after Diffusing in a Gravitational Field

We investigate the coverage and structure of a layer of particles deposited on a line after diffusion in a gravitational field. The dynamics of the depositing particles is controlled by the gravity number N _G(=d ⁴ g/6k _B T), where d is the diameter of the particles, is the density difference between the particles and the solution, g is the acceleration due to gravity, k _B is Boltzmann's constant, and T is the temperature. The position-dependent flux of particles in a gap formed by two preadsorbed particles is estimated by superposition of solutions of a steady-state convective diffusion equation for the flux in the presence of a single preadsorbed particle. The saturation coverages are found with a recursion relation and are in good agreement with those obtained from Brownian dynamics simulation. The jamming coverage increases rapidly with increasing particle size, particularly for large values of . An algorithm is presented to generate adsorbed configurations from which the structure of the deposit is determined.     

粒子穿越势阱及光子穿过薄玻璃板时的能速及渡越时间

采用一与电磁波场中能速概念含义相似的物理速度－能量运动速度（简称能速）来描述量子力学中粒子穿越势阱过程,此能速对应的粒子渡越时间和相位时间相比,不存在负值现象。此能速同样可以用来描述光学中光子穿过非色散薄玻璃板介质时的过程,和相应的相位时间相比,此能速对应的光子渡越时间也不存在负值现象。给出了实验上测量光子渡越时间的方法。     

皮料玻璃成份对微通道板电阻的影响

对经制板后电阻偏高，正常和偏低三种微通道板之皮料玻璃分别进行性和定量的分析测试。用电子电导和离子电导原理进行分析，找出导致板电阻偏离正常值的主要原因，即ＰｂＯ和Ｂｉ２Ｏ３的摩尔百分比不合适，杂质特别是Ｆｅ２Ｏ３和ＣｕＯ的引入以及Ｎａ２，Ｋ２Ｏ的含量与比例不适中。     

Stability of Novel Time-Sharing Dual Optical Tweezers Using a Rotating Tilt Glass Plate

A novel realization of time-sharing optical tweezers （TSOT） is demonstrated using a tilt glass plate. Objects are trapped in the time-sharing dual traps; each of them acts like a single beam gradient trap with an effective stiffness. The effective stiffness of TSOT is experimentally measured through analysis of dynamical images. In comparison, it is numerically calculated by adopting the Monte Carlo technique. Both simulation and experimental results agree well with each other and show a good linear relationship between the effective stiffness and trap switching frequency in the range from 5 Hz to 70 Hz.     

Synthesis of Nanometer Glass and Crystal Particles by Excimer Laser Ablation

ＳｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓｏｆＮａｎｏｍｅｔｅｒＧｌａｓａｎｄＣｒｙｓｔａｌＰａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓｂｙＥｘｃｉｍｅｒＬａｓｅｒＡｂｌａｔｉｏｎＬＯＵＱｉｈｏｎｇＺＨＥＮＧＪｕｎＤＯＮＧＪｉｎｇｘｉｎＬＩＪｉｎｇＷＥＩＹｕｎｒｏｎｇＨＵＡＮＧＷｅｉｍｉｎ（Ｓｈａ...     

压缩机背腔作为脉冲管制冷机气库的研究

脉冲管制冷机是一种重要的小型低温制冷机,通常高频脉冲管制冷机采用惯性管加气库的调相方式,然而较大的气库降低了系统的紧凑性。对于直线压缩机,其背腔也具有较大的体积,为提高系统的紧凑性,本文进行了使用压缩机背腔作为气库用于调相脉冲管制冷机的研究工作。研究结果表明采用这种方案的制冷机是可行的,当背腔体积足够大时,通过调整惯性...     

Characterization of Undoped and Cu-Doped ZnO Thin Films Deposited on Glass Substrates by Spray Pyrolysis

Undoped and copper doped zinc oxide （ZnO） thin films have been prepared on glass substrates by spray pyrolysis technique. The films were doped with copper using the direct method by addition of a copper salt （CuCl2） in the spray solution of ZnO. Variation of structural, electrical, optical and thermoluminescence （TL） properties with doping concentrations is investigated in detail.     

Discrimination of Smoke Particles Using Infrared Photoelectrical Detection

A method of discrimination of smoke particles using infrared photoelectrical detection is proposed in this paper. Principle of the method is that smoke particles of different materials have different scattering light intensities at same scattering angle according to Mie Theory. Facility used to realize the method includes an infrared laser as light source and an array of avalanche photodiodes distributed at assigned angles as sensing devices. Scattered light signal at these angles are collected and processed. Categories of smoke particle are discriminated by signal processing results. Experiments show that by using this method cigarette smoke, kerosene smoke and water vapor can be discriminated with rate of discrimination of greater than 95%. Application of this technology in the field of fire detection will eliminate some effects of human activities such as cigarette smoking and steam on smoke detection, and improve sensitivity as well as reliability of smoke detection.     

多孔硅银淀积表面RhB染料分子的表面增强Raman散射

我们采用多孔硅和多孔硅银淀积表面作为衬底研究了ＲｈＢ染料分子的表面增强Ｒａ ｍａｎ散射。在多孔硅表面,ＲｈＢ染料分子的Ｒａｍａｎ散射有大约１０倍的表面增强效果;而在多孔硅的银淀积表面,表现出超过１０４表面增强。通过多孔硅表面银颗粒对ＲｈＢ染料分子荧光的抑制和对Ｒａｍａｎ散射的表面增强,我们获得了谱峰清晰的ＲｈＢ染料分子Ｒａｍａｎ散射谱     

离心压缩机轮盘空腔的实验研究

本文以离心压缩机轮盘空腔为研究对象,依托大功率间冷压缩机闭式试验台测量了轮盘空腔静壁面不同半径处的静压和静温,分析了变工况下轮盘空腔和离心压缩机的耦合特性,并研究了变转速对轮盘空腔内部流动影响及其变化规律.结果 表明静压和静温沿着半径增大方向逐渐上升,但静温在近叶轮出口与空腔进口耦合处有所下降.设计转速下各位置点静压总...     

Hawking Radiation of Charged Particles from a Rotating Black String

Using Damour-Ruffini method, Hawking radiation of rotating black strings is studied. Under the condition that the total energy, total angular momentum and total charge are conservative, the transition probability from initial state (energy M+ω, charge Q+e and angular momentum J+m) to final state (energy M, charge Q and angular momentum J) for black strings is derived considering the reaction of radiation particles to spacetime. That is, the probability that black strings radiate particles with energy ω, charge e and angular momentum m is obtained. The real spectrum is not a strictly pure thermal spectrum. Our result is consistent with Parikh and Wilczek’s result. It satisfies the unitary principle of quantum mechanics. However, in our result there are not only the term that denotes effect of energy and charge of radiation particles but also the term that denotes effect of radiation particles angular momentum on rotating black strings angular momentum. We provide a new way for investigating radiation of black strings.     

沉积铁钝化膜的傅立叶变换表面增强拉曼光谱

利用恒电流沉积技术、傅立叶变换表面增强拉曼散射技术现场研究了0 1mol/LNaOH溶液中铁金属电极在不同电位下的表面氧化物的组成。结果表明,在电极预钝化区,表面首先生成的Fe(OH)2可由拉曼谱图中出现的550cm-1表征,证实了以往的研究结果。进入钝化区,表面二价氧化物逐步转化为高价氧化物Fe3O4及α 、δ 和γ FeOOH。在电位回扫的过程中,各氧化产物的还原以及铁表面SERS活性的逐渐消失导致谱峰强度降低。     

湖北襄樊出土有色玻璃串饰的检测分析

运用X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线荧光光谱(XRF)等手段,对湖北襄樊一处时代在东汉末年至魏晋初年之间贵族墓出土的不同颜色玻璃珠串饰进行了物相和成分分析.结果表明,这些玻璃珠属于低铅的PbO-SiO2系统配方,各种助熔剂的含量都很低,且矿物原料比较纯,杂质含量低;古代玻璃中常见的铜、铁等致色元素含量很低,而铋的氧化物含量...     

Scattering of S0 Lamb Mode from a Blind Hole in a Plate Using Mindlin/Mindlin Plate Theory

An analytical model of Lamb wave scattering from a circular blind hole in isotropic plates is presented using the Mindlin plate theory for describing in-plane and flexural wave modes simultaneously. The model makes use of the wave function expansion technique and the boundary conditions at the hole edge to evaluate the scattered far fields of three fundamental guided wave modes. Comparisons are made to existing approximate models using Poisson/Kirchhoff theory and Poisson/Mindlin theory and a 3D model using the exact 3D equations. The results reveal that the present model is more consistent with the exact 3D model at higher frequencies than existing approximate models.     

Quantum Tunneling of Massive Particles from a Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger Dilatonic Black Hole

Hawking radiation is viewed as a process of quantum tunneling. The massive particles‘ tunneling from Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger black hole is investigated. Using Jingyi Zhang‘s de Broglie wave method, we get the unthermal spectrum, and the result is consistent with the underlying unitary theory.     

Tunneling Radiation of Vector Particles from a Quantum Correction Black Hole

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the Hawking radiation of vector particles from a quantum correction black hole by the mean of quantum tunneling. In order to achieve this purpose, based on the Proca field equation and WKB approximation, the quantum tunneling method is used to calculate the tunneling rate and Hawking temperature of the black hole. According to the analysis of the consequences, we find that the tunneling rate and Hawking temperature are related to the quantum parameter besides the horizon radius and mass of the black hole. Furthermore, when the results are compared with those of scalar particles and fermions of the black hole, no difference is found. Therefore, the tunneling rate and Hawing temperature of the black hole do not change with the type of radiation particles.