Mass spectrometric determination of N-hydroxyphenacetin in urine using multiple metastable peak monitoring following thin-layer chromatography

This work describes a method for the quantitative determination of the labile, toxic N-hydroxy metabolite of phenacetin in urine. A thin-layer chromatography step was used for the preliminary purification of extracts, and the specificity of the assay was based on the monitoring of specific metastable decompositions in a forward geometry double-focussing mass spectrometer, in a manner analogous to conventional tandem mass spectrometry. This precluded the need for a gas chromatographic separation, thus minimizing thermal decomposition which can occur with these compounds, as well as enabling very rapid analyses.     

Semiquantitative determination of alkaloids by circular thin-layer chromatography

Summary A semiquantitative method for the determination of 13 alkaloids (nicotine, quinine, strychnine, brucine, ephedrine, pilocarpine, narcotine, cinchonine, ajmaline, atropine, cocaine, papaverine and morphine) from a single drop of solution by making circular spots on chromatoplate with the circular thin-layer Chromatographic apparatus and their comparison with sensitivity standard has been developed. The accuracy is ±5% and the procedure is rapid, simple and economical.

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Zusammenfassung Ein halbquantitatives Verfahren zur Bestimmung von 13 Alkaloiden (Nikotin, Chinin, Strychnin, Brucin, Ephedrin, Pilokarpin, Narkotin, Cinchonin, Aimalin, Atropin, Kokain, Papaverin und Morphin) in 1 Tropfen Lösung durch zirkuläre Dünnschichtchromatographie und Vergleich mit Standard-Ringen wurde ausgearbeitet. Die Genauigkeit des Verfahrens beträgt ±5%.

     

Semiquantitative determination of anions by circular thin-layer chromatography

Summary A semiquantitative method for the determination of 11 anions (chromate, chloride, bromide, iodide, bromate, chlorate, ferrocyanide, ferricyanide, thiocyanate, arsenite and sulphite) by making circular spots on chromatoplate with the circular thin layer Chromatographic apparatus and their comparison with sensitivity standards has been developed. The accuracy is ±5% and the procedure is rapid, simple and economical.

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Zusammenfassung Ein semiquantitatives Verfahren zur Bestimmung von elf Anionen (Cr₄ ^2–, Cl^–, Br^–, J^–, BrO₃ ^–, C1O₃ ^–, [Fe(CN)₆]^4–, [Fe(CN)₆]^3–, CNS^–, AsO₃ ^3– und SO₃ ^2–) durch Ringchromatographie auf Dünnschichten und Vergleich mit Standardringen wurde ausgearbeitet. Die Genauigkeit beträgt ± 5%.

     

反相高效液相色谱法测定穿山龙中的薯蓣皂甙元

利用超临界CO2萃取技术从穿山龙中提取薯蓣皂甙元,建立了反相高效液相色谱法测定穿山龙中薯蓣皂甙元的方法.采用Shim-pack CLC-ODS(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,流动相为V(甲醇):V(水)=99:1,流速为1.0mL/min,UV检测波长为206 nm.在0.2～2.0 mg/mL范围内,薯蓣皂甙元峰面积与其质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,r=0.9997.进行了高、中、低3个不同浓度的加标回收率测定,相应的回收率分别为101.5%,99.88%,98.45%,平均值99.94%,RSD为1.7%.     

Quantitative determination of beta-asarone in calamus by high-performance thin-layer chromatography

A quantitative high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for determination of beta-asarone in Calamus rhizome was developed and validated. The method is suitable for proper identification of Acorus calamus. Through the use of caffeine-modified silica gel as the stationary phase and toluene-ethyl acetate (93 + 7, v/v) as the mobile phase, beta-asarone is baseline separated from its isomer alpha-asarone. Scanning densitometry with absorption measurement at 313 nm allows specific, accurate, and precise quantification of beta-asarone. The working range of 40 to 200 ng absolute of the target substance is sufficient to establish whether a given sample passes the limit test of 0.5% maximum as required by the Swiss Pharmacopoeia.     

Semiquantitative determination of water-soluble vitamins by circular thin-layer chromatography

Summary A method for semiquantitative determination of water-soluble vitamins such as thiamin hydrochloride, riboflavin, pyridoxine, choline chloride,p-aminobenzoic acid, cyanocobalamine, nicotinic acid and ascorbic acid is described. It involves making circular spots or rings on chromatoplates using circular thin-layer chromatographic apparatus. The method is based on sensitivity and specificity of spot reactions together with comparison of the color intensity of a circular spot with that of sensitivity standard. The accuracy of the method is ± 5%. The usefulness of the procedure has been illustrated by determining the water-soluble vitamins from multi-vitamin tablets and injections.

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Zusammenfassung Eine Methode zur halbquantitativen Bestimmung wasserlöslicher Vitamine wie Thiaminhydrochlorid, Riboflavin, Pyridoxin, Cholinchlorid,p-Aminobenzoesäure, Cyanokobalamin, Nikotinsäure und Ascorbinsäure wurde beschrieben. Sie beruht auf der Herstellung von Kreisflecken oder Ringen im Wege der Dünnschichtchromatographie. Empfindliche und spezifische Reaktionen dienen zum Vergleich der Farbintensität mit Standardlösungen. Die Genauigkeit beträgt etwa ±5%. Das Verfahren wurde an Multivitamintabletten und Injektionslösungen geprüft.

     

Quantitative determination of valienamine and validamine by thin-layer chromatography

A simple and valid thin-layer chromatographic method for the separation and quantitative determination of valienamine and validamine is described. The two compounds are separated using a Silica gel G plate as the stationary phase and a mixture of 1-PrOH-AcOH-H2O (4:1:1, v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The plate is developed for 1 h at 25 degrees C and dried by a hairdrier, then immersed in 0.1% ninhydrin aqueous solution and heated for 5 min at 121 degrees C. The reacted spots are scanned with a single wavelength at 420 nm in the measurement mode of absorption. The limits of detection of the two compounds are both 0.4 microg. The responses of the densitometry are highly correlated with the amounts of valienamine and validamine in the range of 0.4-2.8 pg. Moreover, the method shows good accuracy and high precision.     

Semiquantitative determination of thirty cations by circular thin-layer chromatography

Summary A comprehensive scheme for the semiquantitative determination of 30 metal ions (Ag⁺, Pb²⁺, W⁶⁺, Tl⁺, Fe³⁺, Au³⁺, Mo⁶⁺, Ga³⁺, Sb⁵⁺, Ge⁴⁺, Te⁴⁺, Pt⁴⁺, Pd²⁺, Ru³⁺, Rh³⁺, Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺, Cr⁶⁺, Mn²⁺, U⁶⁺, V⁵⁺, Sn⁴⁺, Bi³⁺, Hg²⁺, Ti⁴⁺, Se⁴⁺ and As³⁺) is described. It is based on circular thin-layer chromatographic technique. The error is ± 5% and 16 other metal ions, not included in the analysis scheme because of the non-availability of spray reagents, do not interfere. The determination of each cation has been made with different spray reagents separately and the mean error has been calculated. The analysis of the same cation with different spray reagents provides a useful check on the results. The method holds an excellent promise for the study of airborne particulates and for the determination of trace elements from blood, tissue and bone.

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Zusammenfassung Ein umfassender Analysengang für die halb quantitative Bestimmung von 30 Metallionen wurde beschrieben. Die Ringchromatographie auf Dünnschichten wurde hierzu verwendet. Der Fehler beträgt ±5%. 16 weitere Metallionen, die in Ermangelung geeigneter Sprühreagenzien in den Analysengang nicht aufgenommen wurden, stören nicht. Die Bestimmung jedes einzelnen Kations wurde mit verschiedenen Sprühmitteln vorgenommen; der mittlere Fehler wurde dann berechnet. So ist eine gute Überprüfung der Ergebnisse möglich. Das Verfahren dürfte sich für die Untersuchung der Luftverschmutzung sowie für die Bestimmung von Spurenelementen in Blut, Gewebe und Knochen eignen.

     

Semiquantitative determination of noble metals by circular thin-layer chromatography

Summary A semiquantitative method for the determination of rhodium, gold, ruthenium, platinum, osmium, palladium and copper is presented. It involves making circular spots or rings on chromatoplates using the circular thin-layer Chromatographie apparatus. The method is based on sensitivity and specificity of spot reactions and the comparison of the color intensity of a circular spot with that of a standard scale. The accuracy is ± 6% and the procedure is rapid, simple and economical.

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Zusammenfassung Ein halb quantitatives Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Rh, Au, Ru, Pt, Os, Pd und Cu wurde beschrieben. Es beruht auf der Anwendung der Dünnschicht-Kreis-Chromatographie mit Hilfe empfindlicher und spezifischer Tüpfelreaktionen, deren Farbintensität mit Standardreihen verglichen wird. Die Genauigkeit beträgt ± 6%. Das Verfahren ist rasch, einfach und sparsam.

     

Quantitative determination of haloperidol in tablets by high performance thin-layer chromatography

A densitometric high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and validated for the quantitative analysis of haloperidol in tablets. Chromatographic separation was achieved on precoated silica gel F 254 HPTLC plates using a mixture of acetone/chloroform/n-butanol/acetic acid glacial/water (5:10:10:2.5:2.5 v/v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase. Quantitative analysis was carried out at a wavelength of 254 nm. The method was linear in the 10-100 ng/microL range, with a determination coefficient of 0.999. The coefficients of variation for precision were not higher than 2.35%. The detection limit was 0.89 ng/microL, and the quantification limit was 2.71 ng/microL. The accuracy ranged from 97.76 to 100.33%, with a CV not higher than 4.50%. This method was successfully applied to quantify haloperidol in real pharmaceutical samples, including the comparison with HPLC measurements. The method was fast, specific, with a good precision and accuracy for the quantitative determination of haloperidol in tablets.