新型保健饮料长寿长乐饮的研制

利用贵州药材资源丰富的优势,开发研制了味美可口、营养丰富的纯中药滋补健身饮料－长寿长乐饮,该饮料含有丰富的营养成分,如多种氨基酸、微量元素、蛋白质、维生素以及活性成分,具有固本培元,强壮身体、调节人体机体平衡,提高人体免疫力、抗疲劳、抗衰老等功效。     

新型毛细管电泳电导检测装置对混合氨基酸的测定

１引言 氨基酸（ＡＡ）作为最基本的营养物质，受到人们的极大重视。氨基酸的检测应用非常广泛，无论是在医学、生化以及与生命科学有关的其它领域的科学研究中还是对生化制品、食品、饮料等产品的开发及质量监控，都要涉及到氨基酸的分析。越来越多的国家花费大量的人力物力建立起自己的氨基酸数据库。一种高效、简便、快速的氨基酸检测技术将带来巨大的经济及社会效益。本文利用自己研制的毛细管电泳电导检测（ＣＥ－ＣＤ）装置，在不用衍生的情况下，对水解毛发得到的所有氨基酸进行快速，简便的定量测定。２实验部分２．１仪器与试剂 Ｃ…     

天冬氨酸的化学合成

天冬氨酸又称氨基丁二酸，是一种常见的氨基酸，其左旋体Ｌ－天冬氨酸广泛用作氨解毒剂，肝机能促进剂，疲劳恢复剂等医药品和用于各种清凉饮料的添加剂的生产，还可作为生化试剂，培养基和有机合成中间体［１］。工业上主要采用生化方法，在酶作用下，将富马酸与氨加成生...     

探秘无糖饮料的甜

市面上的无糖饮料日渐增多，但人们关于无糖饮料中的甜味还知之甚少。简要介绍甜味剂及其分类、无糖饮料中甜味剂的使用情况、甜味剂对人体的影响等，以期提升人们对无糖饮料中甜味剂的理解。其中对人体的影响方面主要针对无糖饮料中常用的7种甜味剂。     

第三届全国农副产品综合利用化学学术会议在武昌召开

中国化学会第三届农副产品综合利用化学学术会议于1989年10月25—29日在武汉市武昌县召开。包括曾广植、甘景镐、徐羽悟等老教授在内的321名代表出席了报告会。共发表242篇论文,其中220篇分别在大会和分组会上宣读,内容有1.淀粉、纤维素、糖类及其衍生物;2.氨基酸、蛋白质和酶;3.油脂化学;4.天然色素、香精等化学品;5.食品、饮料和添加剂;6.成分分析与结构测定;7.生物资源与废弃物的综合利用。     

果汁饮料中甘氨酸添加剂的荧光分光光度分析

甘氨酸是生产氨基酸的基本原料,在食品工业中用作酿造、肉食加工和清凉饮料的配方,是重要的添加剂,其测定方法主要是茚三酮比色法和甲醛法。在醋酸与醋酸钠的缓冲介质中,将甘氨酸与乙酰丙酮以及甲醛按一定比例混合,在沸水浴中加热后能够发生灵敏的显色反应,曾有利用该反应进行甘氨酸测定的报道呤,试验表明该产物能够发生较强的荧光,基于此建立了一种测定甘氨酸的方法。本实验详细探讨了该反应的最佳条件以及共存离子的影响,对饮料中低浓度甘氨酸的测定有一定的意义。     

β-环糊精修饰毛细管区带电泳分离测定凉茶中的黄酮类及酚酸化合物

由于凉茶饮料具有清热解毒、润肺止渴、保健美容等功效,而逐渐成为一种为人们所喜爱的健康饮料.由于凉茶饮料中的黄酮类及酚酸化合物具有抗氧化、抗病毒等特性,得到了分析工作者的关注~([1,2]).这些化合物具有相似的结构以及化学性质,同时分离检测具有一定的困难.     

检测发现芬达系列橙汁和柠檬饮料中含杀虫剂

国际在线专稿据英国《每日邮报》1月5日报道,可口可乐公司在其英国销售的碳酸饮料中被检测出含有杀虫剂,含量是自来水或者沸水中含量的300倍。一项在全世界范围内展开的研究发现,芬达系列的橙汁和柠檬饮料中杀虫剂含量最高,这些饮料深得英国孩子们的喜爱。这支来自西班牙哈恩大学的研究队伍呼吁政府、饮料界和饮料公司积极行动起来,把饮料中的化学成分去掉,并呼吁制定新的安全标准来规范饮料市场。西班牙哈恩大学的研究者分别检测了购自15个国家的102听和102瓶软饮料,在这些饮料中发现了100种杀虫剂。其中包括多菌灵、噻菌灵、抑霉唑、咪鲜胺、马拉硫磷、异菌脲等。这些化学药剂主要用于防止收获的水果腐烂。在英国销售的两种橙汁中含有抑霉唑,含量是可饮用水中单一杀虫剂允许含量的300倍。有专家解释说,饮料中的杀虫剂含量低于水果上允许的最大残留量,但是这一水平显然还是“非常高”,是瓶装水或者自来水的300倍。有两种相同的产品中噻菌灵的含量是可饮用水含量标准的98倍。英国政府规定饮料中的杀虫剂的平均含量应当为10亿分之17.4。可口可乐公司坚持认为他们的产品是安全的。(中国分析计量网)检测发现芬达系列橙汁和柠檬饮料中含杀虫剂     

手性氨基酸及其衍生物配体在酮不对称氢转移反应中的应用进展

前手性酮的不对称氢转移反应(ATH)是获得手性醇的重要方法.近年来氨基酸及其衍生物在金属Ru,Rh,Ir催化酮的ATH中的应用引起人们关注.就氨基酸、氨基酸酰胺、氨基酸硫代酰胺、氨基酸羟胺酸、氨基酸酰肼、氨基醇及氨基酸羟基酰胺等为配体的金属络合物在ATH中的催化性能进行了综述.     

氨基酸环内酸酐开环聚合制备多肽聚合物及其应用进展

氨基酸类聚合物具有良好的生物相容性及可降解性,逐渐成为重要的生物医药材料.通过氨基酸环内酸酐(NCA)开环聚合可以得到聚氨基酸,或者氨基酸与非氨基酸共聚物.该方法具有简便、高效及产率高等优点,且聚合物分子量及分子量分布可控.本文归纳总结了NCA开环聚合的原理,NCA单体和多肽聚合物的合成方法,聚氨基酸在水凝胶、多肽膜、多肽粘结剂、抗菌肽及自组装等领域的应用,利用聚乙二醇、聚酯、硅氧烷和壳聚糖等修饰聚氨基酸的进展,并展望了该领域未来发展方向.     

煤烘玉米和饮水为介质地氟病区骨畸形病人全血尿多元素含量的分析

采集了贵族个煤烘玉米为主要介质和河北２个饮水为介质氟病区内骨畸形病人的全血、尿、检测了其中８种元素含量,结果表明,贵州各氟病区少儿骨软化与成年骨硬化畸形病人的全血铝、钙、磷、铁和尿氟、铝均显著高于同龄对照组,尿磷均低于同龄对照组。少儿骨软化病人全血锌均下降,尿锌多下降。某水型氟病区骨软化经产妇尿氟、全血铜升高;骨软化少年全血铝显著升高,锌、铁下降,尿氟升高,尿锌,磷下降。海边的典型氟骨症病人全血、     

Analytical strategies to determine antibiotic residues in fish

The accelerated growth of aquaculture has resulted in a series of harmful effects to human health. The widespread and unrestricted use of antibiotics in this industry, to prevent bacterial infections, leads to remaining amounts in the aquatic environment. This has resulted in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in aquaculture environments, in the increase in antibiotic resistance in fish pathogens as well as in the transfer of these resistance determinants to human pathogens. Moreover, the use of large amounts of antibiotics may lead to the presence of residual antibiotics in fish tissue and fish products. Fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, penicillins, sulphonamides and other antibiotics, exhibiting activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, are widely used for the treatment and prevention of diseases in fish. An extended and comprehensive review on the recent analytical methodologies concerning antibiotic residues in fish reported in the literature is provided in the present article. Emphasis is given on sample preparation regarding isolation and purification, chromatographic conditions and method validation according to legislation. Results of published assays are comparatively presented and criticised.     

壳聚糖及其在分析化学中的应用

综述了壳聚糖、甲壳素在污水处理、电化学、原子吸收光谱、高效液相色谱、吸光光度法中的应用。引用文献28篇。     

汉中青少年头发5种元素的分析

用原子吸收光谱法测定了陕西汉中地区２６６例健康男女青少年头发中５种金属元素的含量。并进行了直线相关回分析。结果表明,青春期女性头发中的铜,锌、铁、钙,镁５种元素的含量皆明显高于同年龄段男性;Ｃａ与Ｍｇ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ元素含量之间有不同程度的相关。     

Asymmetric Catalysis: Science and Opportunities (Nobel Lecture)

Asymmetric catalysis, in its infancy in the 1960s, has dramatically changed the procedures of chemical synthesis, and resulted in an impressive progression to a level that technically approximates or sometimes even exceeds that of natural biological processes. The recent exceptional advances in this area attest to a range of conceptual breakthroughs in chemical sciences in general, and to the practical benefits of organic synthesis, not only in laboratories but also in industry. The growth of this core technology has given rise to enormous economic potential in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, animal health products, agrochemicals, fungicides, pheromones, flavors, and fragrances. Practical asymmetric catalysis is of growing importance to a sustainable modern society, in which environmental protection is of increasing concern. This subject is an essential component of molecular science and technology in the 21st century. Most importantly, recent progress has spurred various interdisciplinary research efforts directed toward the creation of molecularly engineered novel functions. The origin and progress of my research in this field are discussed.     

谈科学探究中的归纳与演绎

逻辑推理过程与事物的认识过程同时存在,科学探究离不开逻辑推理过程。归纳和演绎是认识过程中的两种逻辑推理形式,在学生的科学探究活动中,尤其是在提出问题、猜想与假设、设计实验方案与解释结论阶段,归纳和演绎发挥着重要的作用。本文重点论述了寻求现象原因的求异归纳推理、探寻化学物质通性及变化规律的不完全归纳推理、探求个别物质性质的演绎三段论、解释个别现象的演绎解释推理过程在科学探究中的重要作用。     

Neobavaisoflavone May Modulate the Activity of Topoisomerase Inhibitors towards U-87 MG Cells: An In Vitro Study

Despite many advances in therapy, glioblastoma (GB) is still characterized by its poor prognosis. The main reason for this is unsuccessful treatment, which slightly extends the duration of remission; thus, new regimens are needed. One of many types of chemotherapeutics that are being investigated in this field is topoisomerase inhibitors, mainly in combination therapy with other drugs. On the other hand, the search for new anti-cancer substances continues. Neobavaisoflavone (NBIF) is a natural compound isolated from Psoralea corylifolia L., which possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of NBIF in human U-87 MG glioblastoma cells in comparison to normal human NHA astrocytes, and to examine if it influences the activity of irinotecan, etoposide, and doxorubicin in this in vitro model. We demonstrated that NBIF decreases U-87 MG cells viability in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that it inhibits cell growth and causes glutathione (GSH) depletion more intensely in U-87 MG cells than in astrocytes. This study also provides, for the first time, evidence of the potentialization of the doxorubicin effect by NBIF, which was shown by the reduction in the viability in U-87 MG cells.     

Sources and Accumulation of Butyltin Compounds in Ganges River Dolphin,Platanista gangetica

Concentrations of butyltin compounds (mono-, di-, and tri-butyltin) were determined in dolphin ( Platanista gangetica ), fish, invertebrates and sediment collected from the River Ganges, India, in order to understand the contamination levels, sources, and potential for biomagnification in freshwater food chains. Total butyltin concentration in dolphin tissues was up to 2000 ng g⁻¹ wet wt, which was about 5–10 times higher than in their diet. The concentrations in fish and benthic invertebrates, including polychaetes, were 3–10 times greater than in sediment. The biomagnification factor for butyltins in river dolphin from its food was in the range 0.2–7.5. Butyltin concentrations in Ganges river organisms were higher than those reported for several persistent organochlorine compounds. Discharge of untreated domestic sewage was one of the major sources of butyltin residues in Ganges river biota. High concentrations of butyltin compounds in freshwater food chains suggest the need to assess their toxic effects in aquatic organisms and to regulate their use. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Determination of Occurrence Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Soil and Water Environments in Tianshan Mountains,Central Asia

China has one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, but this economic development has important implications for environmental changes in this country. Our research was to quantify the presence of heavy metals in soil and water environments in the Tianshan Mountains region of China, associated with the economic development of this region. We used anomaly analysis, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis to assess the occurrence characteristics of heavy metals in this area. Results showed that Co, Cr, As, and Ni are more prevalent in water environments than in soil environments; in contrast, Cd, Zn, Pb, Hg, and Mn are more prevalent in soil samples than in water samples. This analysis grouped 10 heavy metals in soil and water environments into three principal components. In soil environments, the prevalence order was Co, Ni, Cr, As > Mn, Zn, Pb > Hg, Cd, Cu. In water environments, the order was Cu, Co, Ni, Cr, As > Hg, Mn, Zn > Cd, Pb. It is possible to distinguish between the natural and the anthropogenic sources of heavy metals in the Tianshan Mountains. With the current rapid economic development in the Tianshan Mountains, anthropogenic sources are playing principal roles in serious heavy metal accumulations in this region. This problem warrants immediate and widespread attention to prevent further deterioration of the soil and water environments.     

油页岩中微量元素赋存形态的研究

通过浮沉实验及脱灰实验对抚顺、龙口、茂名3种油页岩样中部分微量元素进行了赋存形态的研究。结果表明,浮沉实验所得微量元素的赋存状态结果与脱灰实验基本一致,抚顺、龙口、茂名3种油页岩中大部分微量元素以无机态赋存,但也有所区别,抚顺、龙口、茂名油页岩中的元素V、Mn、Zn、Sr、Mo、Ta以及抚顺油页岩中的Cr、Te,龙口油页岩中的Cd、Sn,茂名油页岩中的Cd、Sn、Pb,主要赋存于无机矿物中;茂名油页岩中的Cr、Te,抚顺油页岩中的Cd,龙口油页岩中的Pb有相对较多的比例富集于有机质部分;龙口、茂名油页岩中的元素Co,抚顺油页岩中的Co、Sn、Pb,更多地富集于黏土矿中,但也有少部分富集于有机质中。