Evidence for resonant structures in e＋e-→π＋π-hc

Abstract： The cross sections of e＋e-→π＋π-hc at center-of-mass energies from 3.90 to 4.42 GeV were measured by the BESIII and the CLEO-c experiments. Resonant structures are evident in the e＋e-→π＋π-hc line shape. The fit to the line shape results in a narrow structure at a mass of （4216±18） MeV/c2 and a width of （39±2） MeV, and a possible wide structure of mass （4293±9） MeV/c2 and width （222=k67） MeV. Here, the errors are combined statistical and systematic errors. This may indicate that the Y（4260） state observed in e＋e-→π＋π-J/ψ has a fine structure in it.     

Polarization-modified Fano line shape spectrum with a single whispering gallery mode

Using the HE11Xand HE11Ymodes in a tapered fiber(TF)and the whispering gallery mode(WGM)in a microsphere resonator,Fano line-shape spectra were theoretically described and experimentally observed in this study.The line shapes of the spectra can be tuned to form a Lorentz notch,various Fano line shapes,and the Lorentz peak by controlling the polarizations at the input and output ports of the TF.The relative position or the size of the waveguide and WGM resonator do not need to be accurately controlled to produce these effects.The proposed configuration is suitable for mass production and will improve the performance of the devices in which it is applied.     

Evidence for resonant structures in e~+e~-→π~+π~-h_c

The cross sections of e+e-→π+π-hc at center-of-mass energies from 3.90 to 4.42 GeV were measured by the BES and the CLEO-c experiments. Resonant structures are evident in the e+e-→π+π-hc line shape. The fit to the line shape results in a narrow structure at a mass of(4216±18) MeV/c2and a width of(39±32) MeV, and a possible wide structure of mass(4293±9) MeV/c2and width(222±67) MeV. Here, the errors are combined statistical and systematic errors. This may indicate that the Y(4260) state observed in e+e-→π+π-J/ψ has a fine structure in it.     

THEORETICAL CALCULATION OF LINEWIDTH PARAMETERS FOR THE MICROWAVE SPECTRUM AND DEPOLARIZED RAMAN SCATTERING OF O_2—He SYSTEM

The shape of the spectral line is determined by the ieteractions of theradiating molecule with its surroundings.Study of the microwave and Ramanline shapes arising from the O_2 deluted in He will yield information con-cerning the basic intermolecular forces and molecular collision dynamics forthis system~1,also spectral linewidth parameters can give informatioll for thestudy of ejected gas at the rear of the plane and missile. The exact calculation of line shape spectral function is extremely timeconsuming,and has not been attempted.At low pressure individual spectral tran-sitions are well resolved,we are interested in the linewidth parameters.Calcu-     

First-principles study of He trapping in η-Fe_2C

The distribution of He in η-Fe_2C has been studied by first-principles calculations.The formation energies of interstitial He and substitutional He(replacing Fe) are 3.76 eV and 3.49 eV,respectively,which are remarkably smaller than those in bcc Fe,indicating that He is more soluble in η-Fe_2C than in bcc Fe.The binding potencies of both a substitutionalinterstitial He pair(1.28 eV) and a substitutional-substitutional He pair(0.76 eV) are significantly weaker than those in bcc Fe.The binding energy between the two He atoms in an interstitial-interstitial He pair(0.31 eV) is the same as that in bcc Fe,but the diffusion barrier of interstitial He(0.35 eV) is much larger than that in bcc Fe,suggesting that it is more difficult for the interstitial He atom to agglomerate in η-Fe_2C than in bcc Fe.Thus,self-trapping of He in η-Fe_2C is less powerful than that in bcc Fe.As a consequence,small and dense η-Fe_2C particles in ferritic steels might serve as scattered trapping centers for He,slow down He bubble growth at the initial stage,and make the steel more swelling resistant.     

Electron gun system for NSC KIPT linac

In the NSC KIPT linac, a neutron source based on a subcritical assembly driven by a 100 MeV/100 kW electron linear accelerator is under design and development. The linear accelerator needs a new high current electron gun. In this paper, the physical design, mechanical fabrication and beam test of this new electron gun are described.The emission current is designed to be higher than 2 A for the pulse width of 3 μs with repetition rate of 50 Hz.The gun will operate with a DC high voltage power supply that can provide a high voltage up to 150 kV. Computer simulations and optimizations have been carried out in the design stage, including the gun geometry and beam transport line. The test results of high voltage conditioning and beam test are presented. The operation status of the electron gun system is also included. The basic test results show that the design, manufacture, and operation of the new electron system are basically successful.     

O（αsV2） correction to J/ψ plus ηc production in e＋e-annihilation at √s=10.6 GeV

Based on the nonrelativistic QCD factorization approach, O（αsv2） corrections to J/ψ plus ηc production in e＋e- annihilation at √s= 10.6 GeV are calculated in this work. The numerical results show that the correction at αsv2 order is only about a few percent of the total theoretical result. This indicates that the perturbative expansions become convergent and that a higher order correction will be smaller. The uncertainties from the long-distance matrix elements, renormalization scale and the measurement in the experiment are also discussed. Our result is in agreement with the previous result by Jia.     

O(α_sv~2) correction to J/ψ plus η_c production in e~+e~- annihilation at s~(1/2)=10.6 GeV

Based on the nonrelativistic QCD factorization approach, O(αsv2) corrections to J/ψ plus ηc production in e+e-annihilation at √ s=10.6 GeV are calculated in this work. The numerical results show that the correction at αsv2order is only about a few percent of the total theoretical result. This indicates that the perturbative expansions become convergent and that a higher order correction will be smaller. The uncertainties from the long-distance matrix elements, renormalization scale and the measurement in the experiment are also discussed. Our result is in agreement with the previous result by Jia.     

Coupling strength effect on shot noise in boron devices

The shot noise properties in boron devices are investigated with a tight-binding model and the non-equilibrium Green’s function.It is found that the shot noise and Fano factors can be tuned by changing the structures,the size,and the coupling strength.The shot noise is suppressed momentarily as we switch on the bias voltage,and the electron correlation is significant.The Fano factors are more sensitive to the ribbon width than to the ribbon length in the full coupling context.In the weak-coupling context,the Fano factors are almost invariant with the increase of length and width over a wide bias range.     

Precision Calculations of Atomic Polarizabilities: A Relevant Physical Quantity in Modern Atomic Frequency Standard

Electric dipole polarizabilities of atoms are very important in many different physical applications, such as the precision atomic frequency standard. Calculations of these properties are very important and challenging. We propose a calculation strategy to calculate the frequency dependent dipole polarizabilities with high precision variationally by using a set of high quality orbital bases where the electron correlations can be taken into account adequately. The static polarizabilitiez of the ground state of Na are calculated accurately by such a method and can be compared with precision experiment measurement directly. The calculation result is in excellent agreement with the available experimental measurements within about 0.1~, which demonstrates the validity of our strategy. Our calculation strategy has a wide usage, not only in polarizibilies, but also in other fields such as theoretical treatment of electron-atom scattering processes. Using the same orbital bases, we carry out precision calculation of Na- affinities. Our calculated affinity is in excellent agreement with precision laser spectroscopy measurements within 0. 1%.     

The enhanced volume source boundary point method for the calculation of acoustic radiation problem

The Volume Source Boundary Point Method(VSBPM) is greatly improved so that it will speed up the VSBPM‘s solution of the acoustic radiation problem caused by the vibrating body.The fundamental solution provided by Helmholtz equation is enforced in a weighted residual sense over a tetrahedron located on the normal line of the boundary node to replace the coefficient matrices of the system equation.Through the enhanced volume source boundary point analysis of various examples and the sound field of a vibrating rectangular box in a semi-anechoic chamber,it has revealed that the calculating speed of the EVSBPM is more than 10 times faster than that of the VSBPM while it workss on the aspects of its calculating precision and stability,adaptation to geometric shape of vibrating body as well as its ability to overcome the non-uniqueness problem.     

Helicity Amplitude Analysis of ηc Decays into Hyperon-Antihyperon Pairst

The helicity amplitudes for the processes of e^＋e^- →J/ψ→γηc→γYY（Y： hyperon） are presented, together with the joint angular distributions for ηc decays into ∧∧,∑^0 ∑^0, and [1]-[1]＋. The sensitivities to measure the hyperon decay parameters in these decays are evaluated based on the helicity amplitudes. The prospects to test the Bell inequality in experiment using the decay of ηc→∧∧ are discussed.     

Tolerance on tilt error for coherent combining of fiber lasers

Limited by the precision of optical machining and assembling, the optical axes of lasers in an array cannot be strictly parallel to each other, which will result in the beam quality degradation of the combined beam. The tolerance on tilt error for coherent combining of fiber lasers is studied in detail. The complex amplitude distribution in the far field for the Gaussian beam with tilt angle is obtained by a novel coordinate transform method. Effect of tilt error on coherent combining is modelled analytically. Beam propagation factor is used to evaluate the effect of coherent combining. Numerical results show that for ring-distributed fiber laser array with central wavelength A and geometry size D, if the root-mean-square （RMS） value of the tilt error is smaller than 0.72A/D, the energy encircled in the diffraction-limited bucket can be ensured to be more than 50% of the value when there is no tilt error. The results are helpful to the designing and manufacturing of fiber array for coherent combining.     

Radial excitation states of η and η′ in the chiral quark model

A chiral quark model is applied to calculate the spectra of pseudoscalar mesons η and η . By analyzing the obtained spectra, we find that the mesons η (2 1 S 0 ), η(4 1 S 0 ), η (3 1 S 0 ) and η (4 1 S 0 ) are the possible candidates of η(1760), X(1835), X(2120) and X(2370). The strong decay widths of these pseudoscalars to all the possible two-body decay channels are calculated within the framework of the 3 P 0 model. Although the total width of η (21S0 ) is compatible with the BES Collaboration’s experimental value for η(1760), the partial decay width to ωω is too small, which is not consistent with the BES result. If X(1835) is interpreted as η(4 1 S 0 ), the total decay width is compatible with the experimental data, and the main decay modes will be πa 0 (980) and πa 0 (1450), which needs to be checked experimentally. The assignment of X(2120) and X(2370) to η (31S0 ) and η (41S0 ) is disfavored in the present calculation because of the incompatibility of the decay widths.     

Direct Laser Writing Facility for Fabrication of Submicron Mask

Direct laser writing technique has become a well-established, multi-functional and flexible method for fabricating high quality diffractive optical elements. We propose and build a maskless direct laser writing system with the ability to produce a sub-micron feature size. The high precision lithography is realized by using the astigmatic autofocus method. The minimum feature size of the system, breaking through the diffraction limit with the chromium layer, can achieve 300hm with the 405nm blue laser. A 50 x 50ram2 chromium grating mask with a period of 1 #m and line width of 300 nm is fabricated. This facility will be useful for the fabrication of large-scale submicron diffraction optical elements in the future.     

Calibration method for 2D instantaneous OH-PLIF temperature measurements in flame

Noninvasive technology for measuring instantaneously two-dimensional(2D) temperature distributions of flame using two-color planar laser induced fluorescence(PLIF) of OH is investigated.A calibration method is researched and developed.This method is based on the calibration experiments with a laminar premixed flame and thermocouple,and avoids complex calculation and uncertainty of the spectrum parameters.Measurements for a flat burner at ambient temperature under atmospheric pressure are also presented;calibration results are used to diagnose a supersonic combustion in scramjet combustor.The conclusion indicates that this method is useful,and a better precision of calibration can be acquired by correcting the line shapes of the spectral lines and lasers.     

New Microwave Diagnostic Theory for Measurement of Electron Density in Atmospheric Plasmas

We present the phase shift of an electromagnetic wave passing through an atmospheric plasma layer. In this kind of plasma, the phase shift depends not only on the line average electron density and layer width, but also on the electron-neutral collision frequency. Since the collision frequency is close to or even larger than the incident microwave frequency, a one-dimensional code for the numerical solution of the wave equation with full time and space variables is established to give the phase shift. When the width and the pressure (hence the electron-neutral collision frequency) are known, the measurement of phase shift will uniquely determine the line average electrons density in an atmospheric plasma.     

Calculation of the heat deposition and temperature distribution of the target bombarded by high-energy protons using Monte Carlo simulation and finite element method

The Monte Carlo simulation and the finite element methods have been used to calculate the heat deposition and temperature distribution in tungsten plate target when the target is bombarded by high-energy protons from the accelerator with nuclear power of 100 kW. The results show that the heat deposition in the target, reflector and shield will be 48 kW, 15 kW and 11 kW, respectively, and the highest temperature in the target plates will be lower than 100℃ when the surfaces of plates are cooled by water.     

Analysis of Dα（Hα） spectrum emitted in front of the limiter in HT-7^＊

In order to understand the recycling and emission processes of hydrogen atoms in HT 7, spectral profiles of the Dα（Hα） line emitted in front of the limiter have been observed with a high-resolution spectrometer and simulated by using the neutral particle transport code DEGAS 2. The results show that four processes are necessary to interpret the Dα（Hα） line shape： 1） atom desorption, 2） molecular dissociation, 3） particle reflection, and 4） charge-exchange. The products of the first two processes are cold atoms which emit photons near the peak of Dα（Hα） line shape, and those from the last two are warm atoms contributing to the blue side of the spectrum. For a typical ohmic discharge （shot 68520 ne（0） ≈ 3× 10^19 m^-3. these components contribute 32%, 15%, 32% and 21%, respectively. Dα（Hα） line shapes under different plasma parameters are also discussed in this paper.     

Development of the liquid level meters for the PandaX dark matter detector

The two-phase xenon detector is at the frontier of dark matter direct search. This kind of detector uses liquid xenon as the sensitive target and is operated in two-phase （liquid/gas） mode, where the liquid level needs to be monitored and controlled in sub-millimeter precision. In this paper, we present a detailed design and study of two kinds of level meters for the PandaX dark matter detector. The long level meter is used to monitor the overall liquid level while short level meters are used to monitor the inclination of the detector. These level meters are cylindrical capacitors that are custom-made from two concentric metal tubes. Their capacitance values are read out by a universal transducer interface chip and are recorded by the PandaX slow control system. We present the developments that lead to level meters with long-term stability and sub-millimeter precision. Fluctuations （standard deviations） of less than 0.02 mm for the short level meters and less than 0.2 mm for the long level meter were achieved during a few days of test operation.