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本文在3 MW_(th)富氧煤粉燃烧实验台,对空气燃烧,不同循环倍率的循环燃烧工况下,进行燃烧实验,研究富氧燃烧过程中气体污染物的排放特性。实验结果表明:在3 MW_(th)富氧燃烧实验台上,富氧燃烧过程中CO_2浓度可以达到80%以上,同时能保证很高的煤粉燃尽率;与空气工况相比,富氧燃烧工况下,烟气中NO_x的浓度上升了56%~167%,排放量降低了46%~69%;同时燃烧气氛的变化对煤中硫向SO_2的转化率影响很小;双碱法湿法脱硫能在富氧燃烧条件下稳定运行,脱硫效率能达到95%以上。 相似文献
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富氧燃烧(Oxy-fuel combustion)技术作为燃烧中CO2捕集技术,在技术适用性和经济性上具有较强的优势。循环流化床富氧燃烧技术(Oxy-CFBC)兼顾富氧燃烧和循环流化床燃烧的优点,燃料适应性广,烟气中CO2富集程度高,易于低成本实现CO2的捕集。本文梳理了近十五年国内外学者对Oxy-CFBC技术的研究成果,从Oxy-CFBC装置、流化特性、燃烧特性、污染物生成与控制、燃料、富氧燃烧电站系统优化、新一代循环流化床富氧燃烧技术以及国内外专利情况等方面进行了总结和分析,最后对Oxy-CFBC在中国未来发展趋势进行展望。 相似文献
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煤的清洁利用技术的现状与发展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章针对中国一次能源以煤为主的特点,深入分析了几种主要的煤的洁净利用技术的现状及存在的主要问题和发展趋势,其中包括大容量、高参数的超(超)临界燃煤发电技术、燃煤烟气净化技术、循环流化床燃烧技术(CFBC)、整体煤气化联合循环技术(IGCC)和煤的洗选技术.在此基础上,给出了中国煤的清洁利用方式的建议:近期仍以超(超)临界燃煤发电机组+燃煤烟气净化技术和循环流化床燃烧技术为主;整体燃气化联合循环技术、富氧燃烧技术(特别是加压富氧燃烧技术)以及二氧化碳的捕集和封存技术(CCS),具有广阔应用前景,值得长期大力发展. 相似文献
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钙钛矿型金属氧化物是优良的制备供富氧燃烧所需的O_2/CO_2的氧载体,本文采用柠檬酸法制备系列SrCo_(1-x)Fe_xO_(3-δ)(x=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8)钙钛矿型氧化物,并采用X射线衍射分析来表征SrCo_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)(SCF182)反应前后的物相变化和晶体结构.同时在固定床上选择不同的运行条件对SCF182的释氧性能进行研究,包括吸附温度、吸附时间、脱附温度和循环特性.结果表明,SCF182的最佳吸附温度和脱附温度均为850℃,最佳吸附时间为1 h,循环性能良好,是可以为富氧燃烧提供稳定的O_2/CO_2循环气体的良好材料。 相似文献
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本文采用机械混合法制备Cu_6Si_4和Cu_6Fi_4载氧体,在固定床中进行20次失氧-得氧循环,然后在热重中进行一次释氧反应研究循环反应性能;还研究了浸渍法制备的复合载氧体CuO-NiO/SiO_2和CuO-NiO/TiO_2的循环反应性能,并辅以XRD、SEM实验表征。实验结果表明:在CuO中只加入惰性载体时,TiO_2比SiO_2更适合做CuO的载体;NiO能改性CuO/SiO_2载氧体,改善其抗烧结性提高循环反应性能;CuO-NiO/TiO_2载氧体循环多次后载氧量很低,循环反应性能低。 相似文献
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《工程热物理学报》2018,(11)
在富氧燃烧中,反应物被大量CO_2稀释,其反应动力学发生明显变化。本文系统地研究了甲烷富氧燃烧的详细机理和骨架机理.为此,首先对6个详细机理在典型富氧燃烧实验下的氧化性能进行评估.然后将预测精度最好的详细机理与不同NO_x机理进行耦合与验证,找出对NO预测最好的机理。最后将预测氧化和NO都最好的详细机理进行了机理简化,并进行了系统验证。结果表明,USC-MechⅡ机理在富氧燃烧工况下具有最好的氧化预测精度,且有效考虑了富氧燃烧下CO_2化学影响引起的CO浓度变化;USC-MechⅡ机理耦合GRI-Mech 2.11中NO_x机理对NO排放预测精度最好;本文简化得到的38组分、180步反应的骨架机理在点火延迟时间、火焰传播速度以及PSR中温度和NO排放预测等方面和详细机理具有很好的一致性。 相似文献
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以国内首台3 MW_(th)富氧燃烧煤粉锅炉为研究对象,借助CFD软件对煤粉空气燃烧和富氧燃烧工况进行数值模拟研究。通过与实验结果对比发现,模拟得到的炉膛温度分布、换热量以及出口组分与实验测量结果吻合,这表明本文使用改进的辐射特性模型以及4步化学反应机理能够很好地预测炉内温度、传热以及烟气组分分布。通过模拟研究,对比分析了空气燃烧与富氧燃烧的炉内特性。研究结果表明:富氧燃烧时,CO_2的显著增加使得燃烧器区域出现高浓度CO;富氧燃烧的整体温度分布与空气燃烧相似,但峰值温度有较大的降低;炉内辐射传热较空气燃烧略有下降。 相似文献
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V. E. Messerle A. B. Ustimenko A. S. Askarova A. O. Nagibin 《Thermophysics and Aeromechanics》2010,17(3):435-444
Combustion of a pulverized coal torch has been numerically simulated on the basis of the equations of multicomponent turbulent
two-phase flows. The results of three-dimensional simulation of conventional and plasma activated coal combustion in a furnace
are presented. Computer code Cinar ICE was verified at coal combustion in the experimental furnace with thermal power of 3
MW that was equipped with plasma-fuel system. Operation of the furnace has been studied at the conventional combustion mode
and with plasma activation of coal combustion. Influence of plasma activation of combustion on thermotechnical characteristics
of the torch and decrease of carbon loss and nitrogen oxides concentration at the furnace outlet has been revealed. 相似文献
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高炉炼铁是一个复杂的多变量系统,而现行的操作制度是基于炉长经验的参数设置模式,导致能源尤其是煤粉的消耗常常处于“盲目”状态。本文综合炼铁工艺理论和高炉专家经验,针对白云鄂博矿石冶炼的特殊性,采用筛选出的优化数据,利用遗传算法所固有的全局搜索性能优化BP神经网络模型的权值和阈值,分别建立了基于遗传算法优化BP神经网络的高炉喷煤量优化预测模型以及工艺指标(铁水[Si]含量及入炉焦比)预测模型。优化数据的利用使得上述模型可以根据高炉当前炉况输出喷煤量的最佳优化设定值,并预测出相对应的工艺指标变化趋势。实际应用表明,本方法能够给现场操作人员提供操作指导,实现高炉稳定顺行、提高经济效益的目的。 相似文献
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煤粉燃烧火焰辐射光谱实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对煤粉燃烧辐射光谱问题,利用光纤光谱仪对煤粉平面火焰炉实验装置煤粉燃烧火焰辐射光谱进行了测量,详细分析了煤粉辐射光谱特征,并基于普朗克辐射传热定律,通过对光谱仪波长响应特性的标定,得到火焰绝对辐射强度随波长的分布情况,进而利用最小二乘法获得火焰温度与辐射率参数,由此提出基于煤粉燃烧火焰辐射光谱测量的火焰参数测量方法。利用该方法对不同燃烧条件下煤粉燃烧参数进行测量,开展了不同燃烧参数下煤粉火焰辐射光谱实验研究,研究结果表明:煤粉燃烧火焰辐射在200~1 100 nm波段具有较强且连续的光谱特征,基于普朗克辐射定律与最小二乘法可实现煤粉燃烧火焰温度与辐射率的测量;煤粉燃烧火焰辐射光谱在590,766,769和779 nm附近可见明显的Na和K等碱金属痕量元素原子光谱发射谱线,并且这些原子谱线的出现与火焰温度有关;随着煤粉浓度的提高,虽然燃烧温度变化不大,但由于火焰辐射率的增加,造成辐射光谱强度的大幅提升。这对锅炉煤粉燃烧优化具有重要参考价值。 相似文献
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新型双燃料重整联合循环发电系统 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
本文提出了一种新型双燃料重整联合循环发电系统。该系统通过重整反应实现了煤和天然气的综合利用,煤的燃烧过程为天然气/水蒸汽重整反应提供了高温反应热,通过双燃料重整煤的部分化学能间接转化到合成气中,然后合成气进入联合循环燃烧作功。研究结果表明双燃料联合循环的供电效率为49.4%-53.2%,煤的折合供电效率为42.4%-44.6%,与IGCC(动力部分相同时为44%-46%)相比供电效率降低1-2个百分点,但是投资大约降低30%。本文的研究开拓性地为煤的清洁高效利用提供了新途径。 相似文献
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Jun Hayashi Nozomu Hashimoto Noriaki Nakatsuka Hirofumi Tsuji Hiroaki Watanabe Hisao Makino Fumiteru Akamatsu 《Proceedings of the Combustion Institute》2013,34(2):2435-2443
Soot formation characteristics of a lab-scale pulverized coal flame were investigated by performing carefully controlled laser diagnostics. The spatial distributions of soot volume fraction and the pulverized coal particles were measured simultaneously by laser induced incandescence (LII) and Mie scattering imaging, respectively. In addition, the radial distributions of the soot volume fraction were compared with the OH radical fluorescence, gas temperature and oxygen concentration obtained in our previous studies [1], [2]. The results indicated that the laser pulse fluence used for LII measurement should be carefully controlled to measure the soot volume fraction in pulverized coal flames. To precisely measure the soot volume fraction in pulverized coal flames using LII, it is necessary to adjust the laser pulse fluence so that it is sufficiently high to heat up all the soot particles to the sublimation temperature but also sufficiently low to avoid including a too large of a change in the morphology of the soot particles and the superposition of the LII signal from the pulverized coal particles on that from the soot particles. It was also found that the radial position of the peak LII signal intensity was located between the positions of the peak Mie scattering signal intensity and peak OH radical signal intensity. The region, in which LII signal, OH radical fluorescence and Mie scattering coexisted, expanded with increasing height above the burner port. It was also found that the soot formation in pulverized coal flames was enhanced at locations where the conditions of high temperature, low oxygen concentration and the existence of pulverized coal particles were satisfied simultaneously. 相似文献
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Oxyfuel combustion is one of the promising carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies for coal-fired boilers. In oxyfuel combustion, combustion gas is oxygen and recirculating flue gas (FGR) and main component of combustion gas is O2, CO2 and H2O rather than O2, N2 in air combustion. Fundamental researches showed that flame temperature and flame propagation velocity of pulverized cloud in oxyfuel combustion are lower than that in air with the same O2 concentration due to higher heat capacity of CO2. IHI pilot combustion test showed that stable burner combustion was obtained over 30% O2 in secondary combustion gas and the same furnace heat transfer as that of air firing at 27% O2 in overall combustion gas. Compared to emissions in air combustion, NOx emission per unit combustion energy decreased to 1/3 due to reducing NOx in the FGR, and SOx emission was 30% lower. However SOx concentration in the furnace for the oxyfuel mode was three to four times greater than for the air mode due to lower flow rate of exhaust gas. The higher SO3 concentration results that the sulphuric acid dew point increases 15–20 °C compared to the air combustion. These results confirmed the oxyfuel pulverized coal combustion is reliable and promising technology for coal firing power plant for CCS.In 2008, based on R&D and a feasibility study of commercial plants, the Callide Oxyfuel Project was started in order to demonstrate entire oxyfuel CCS power plant system for the first time in the world. The general scope and progress of the project are introduced here. Finally, challenges for present and next generation oxyfuel combustion power plant technologies are addressed. 相似文献
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为了较准确地预报炉内煤粉燃烧速率,正确区分TGA中滞止煤粉表面与炉内载流煤粉表面氧气浓度的变化规律是非常关键的。从TGA中非稳态条件下坩埚内颗粒表面氧气浓度分布的数理解知,煤样的氧化过程是同时进行的,只是上部的氧化速率大一些,底部的氧化速率小一些;同一样品,同一升温速率,试样的堆积厚度的差异,会影响实验结果的重复性。分析表明,在初始和反应结束时,坩埚内颗粒表面氧气浓度等于环境浓度;反应速率达到最大值时,颗粒表面氧气浓度达到最小值。颗粒在炉内流动燃烧过程中,环境中氧气浓度值是单调减少的,煤焦表面氧的浓度是非线性变化的。 相似文献