乙型肝炎患者头发中微量元素含量研究

通过检测37例乙型肝炎患者与45名正常对照组头发中的锌、铁、铜3种微量元素的含量,观察了乙型肝炎患者体内微量元素的变化情况。结果表明,乙型肝炎患者Zn含量显著低于正常对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05);Fe含量与正常对照组比较显著升高,有极显著性差异(P<0.01);Cu含量与正常对照组比较,无明显差异(P>0.05)。微量元素与乙型肝炎存在着密切的联系。     

100例鼻咽癌患者与健康人头发中微量元素含量的比较

用原子吸收和火焰光谱分析法检测鼻咽癌患者100例，并以本地区100例健康人及同期我院内科住院非肿瘤患者150例为对照组，进行头发锌、铜、铁，钙，镍等的含量进行测定，结果发现鼻咽癌患者头发中钙及镍的含量比对照组明显升高，而头发中锌、铜的含量明显降低。     

头发中微量元素含量与乙型肝炎关系的研究

通过检测60名乙型肝炎患者与55名正常对照组头发中的Zn、Mn、Cr、Fe、Cu、Se 6种微量元素的含量,观察了头发微量元素的变化情况与乙型肝炎的关系。结果表明,Zn、Mn、Se含量显著低于正常对照组,有显著或极显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);Fe与正常对照组比较显著升高,有极显著性差异(P<0.01);Cr、Cu与正常对照组比较,无明显差异(P<0.05)。故微量元素与乙型肝炎存在着密切的联系,对乙肝患者须关注其微量元素含量的变化。     

聚苯乙烯磺酸钙防治慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者服用RAAS-I致高钾血症的效果

目的 探讨因服用肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统抑制剂(RAAS-I)致高钾血症的慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者应用聚苯乙烯磺酸钙进行防治的临床效果.方法 选取惠州市第三人民医院诊治的CKD患者80例作为研究对象,所有患者均服用RAAS-I 4周以上.将其随机分为观察组和对照组.对照组给予常规治疗,观察组给予聚苯乙烯磺酸钙联合治疗.统计观察组患者治疗前以及治疗2个月后24 h尿蛋白、血肌酐以及血钾变化,并对两组患者不同时段血钾水平进行统计分析.结果 治疗后观察组24 h尿蛋白水平明显高于治疗前(P<0.05),血钾水平明显低于治疗前(P<0.05);观察组治疗1、3以及6个月时血钾水平均低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 聚苯乙烯磺酸钙治疗CKD患者服用RAAS-I所致的高钾血症效果显著,血钾水平控制良好.     

62例佝偻病患儿头发钙元素分析

为了解佝偻病患儿头发钙含量情况，将测得的62例佝偻病患儿发钙值进行了分析。结果表明，男女佝偻病患儿头发钙含量均高于正常值，其中男患儿头发钙与正常值相比，差异具有高度显著性意义(P＜0．01)；男女佝偻病患儿与体检儿头发钙比较，前者均高于后者，但无统计学意义；男女体检儿及男女佝偻病患儿之间头发钙含量差异无显著性。结果提示，佝偻病患儿发钙值并不比正常值低，相反还高于正常值，故不能简单地用发钙值高低来反映体内钙的营养状况。     

多补钙对儿童发钙及生长发育的作用

为研究多补钙对儿童体内钙含量的影响和对生长发育的促进作用,给202名6个月至7岁的儿童服用多补钙1年,在服用前后测量体重、身高、坐高、头围、胸围、臂围和发钙,对儿童形态指标先做等级评价后,应用配对设计差值的符号秩和检验(Wilcoxon配对法)进行统计分析,发钙采用配对设计差值t检验分析。结果表明,服用多补钙1年后儿童发钙平均增加113×10-6,身高、坐高、头围、胸围和臂围的发育水平有显著提高。提示多补钙能有效地提高儿童发钙含量,对儿童的生长发育有明显促进作用。     

微量元素配合胱氨酸治疗脱发的临床研究

为评价口服氨基酸螯合钙胶囊配合胱氨酸片对脱发患者的临床疗效 ,将 1 2 0例脱发患者随机分为治疗组与对照组。治疗组 60例用氨基酸螯合钙胶囊 ( 1g/d ,1粒 ,qd ,PO)和胱氨酸片( 3 0 0mg/d ,3次 /d ,PO)治疗 ,对照组 60例用胱氨酸片 ( 3 0 0mg/d ,3次 /d ,PO)治疗 ,两组用药均为 1 2周。结果表明 ,治疗组与对照组相比 ,治疗组较对照组的临床症状有明显改善 ,头发中微量元素锌、铁、钙的含量有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。脱发患者经补充有效的所需微量元素配合胱氨酸治疗收到良好效果。     

The effects of gum arabic oral treatment on the metabolic profile of chronic renal failure patients under regular haemodialysis in Central Sudan

This study aimed at assessing the effect of gum arabic (Acacia senegal) oral treatment on the metabolic profile of chronic renal failure (CRF) patients. A total of 36 CRF patients (under regular haemodialysis) and 10 normal subjects participated in this study. The patients were randomly allocated into three groups-group A: 12 CRF patients under low-protein diet (LPD) (<40 g day(-1)) and gum arabic (50 g day(-1)) treatment; group B: 14 CRF patients under LPD and gum arabic, iron (ferrous sulphate, 200 mg day(-1)) and folic acid (5 mg day(-1)) treatment; group C (control group): 10 CRF patients under LPD and iron and folic acid treatment and group D: 10 normal volunteers (on normal diet) under daily dose of 50 g gum arabic. Each of the above treatments was continued for three consecutive months. Blood samples were collected from each subject before treatment and twice per month "pre-dialysis" for 3 months. Biochemical parameters measured were: serum urea, serum creatinine, serum uric acid, serum calcium and serum phosphorus. By the end of the 3 months of treatment, serum urea levels significantly decreased by 31.2 and 44.18% for group A and B, respectively, compared with the baseline (0.01 < p < 0.001) and control group (p < 0.05). Serum creatinine levels significantly decreased in the groups of gum users (A, B and D) by 9.94, 12.65 and 11.7%, respectively, compared with the control group (p < 0.001). There was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in serum uric acid levels by 14 and 19.9% for group A and B, respectively, compared with the baseline. Serum calcium levels increased by 12.64, 15.75 and 8.75% for group A, B and D, respectively, and these increases were significantly different (0.05 < p < 0.001) from baseline and control group for groups A and B. Serum phosphorus levels significantly decreased by 22.54% for group A, 17.69% for group B and 7.71% for group D, compared with the baseline (0.05 < p < 0.001). From this study, we conclude that oral administration of gum arabic could conceivably alleviate adverse effects of CRF.     

某铅锌矿区儿童发铅水平及对健康影响的调查

为了解某铅锌矿区铅对儿童的危害情况,探讨铅污染对儿童智商及生长发育的影响,选择某铅锌矿区某冶炼厂区居住5年以上,年龄在6～10岁的儿童186名作为观察组,同时选择居住在距矿区40 km以外、年龄在6～10岁的儿童156名作为对照组,进行了儿童一般状况的体格检查(包括:缺钙、脱发、贫血、易患感冒)、智商测定(包括:语言智...     

周岁内幼儿头发中锌钙含量的动态分析

对合肥市16671名1－12个月幼儿的发锌，钙含量进行了测定，并对测定值进行了统计分析。结果表明，锌，钙的含量随着月龄的增加呈直线递减。并给出了发锌，钙含量的趋势线方程，丰富了目前文献给出的发锌，钙的标准值，为及时准确判断周岁内幼儿微量元素锌，钙缺乏程度提出依据。     

内蒙古牧区蒙、汉族人发铜、锌、铁、锶及钙的X-射线荧光光谱法测定

用X-射线荧光光谱法，测定了387例内蒙古牧区蒙古族、汉族成人和儿童的发中铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、铁(Fe)、锶(St)及钙(Ca)的含量，对同一地区蒙、汉族成人间，成人及儿童间发中五种元素含量进行了比较分析。结果表明：蒙汉族成人发中Cu，Zn、Fe含量不受种族及饮食习惯的影响，其含量无显著性差异；蒙汉族成人发中Sr和Ca含量存在着相平行的显著差异；牧区儿童发Zn含量与牧区成人发Zn含量差异无显著性意义，提示牧区儿童不缺Zn，可能与多动物性食物有关；牧区儿童发中Cu、Fe、Sr、Ca均显著低于牧区成人、可能与儿童发育旺盛和Zn摄入量高对Cu、Fe吸收发生抑制有关。     

Determination of trace element levels in human scalp hair in occupationally exposed subjects by XRF

Trace element levels in hair of individuals living in urban areas were determined by energy dispersive XRF. Two groups of subjects were investigated, the first group was assumed to be from a healthy environment, the other one was exposed to a high level of contamination due to working conditions. The results were compared to data reported in the literature. The concentrations of Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb in the scalp hair were determined and the correlation between hair trace element levels and environmental effects was discussed. The results given by the second group show that environmental exposure effects hair trace element levels which are related to body trace element concentrations.     

轻中度铅中毒儿童的干预治疗

为探讨轻中度铅中毒儿童的干预治疗的方法 ,将 96例血铅水平 10 0～ 4 0 0 μg/L的铅中毒儿童随机分成三组 :对照组为健康教育组 ;治疗A组为服钙组 ;治疗B组为混合组 :服食钙剂的同时 ,配合进行有关的健康教育。分别干预三个月后复查血铅水平。结果表明 ,三组儿童干预前后的血铅水平分别为 :对照组 (n =30 ) 2 0 6 0± 6 6 0 μg/L ,134 2± 4 2 9μg/L ,下降了 35% ;治疗A组(n =34) 2 0 8 5± 6 0 3μg/L ,12 4 0± 4 0 7μg/L ,下降了 4 1% ;治疗B组 (n =32 ) 2 2 5 9± 70 4 μg/L ,10 8 4± 33 8μg/L ,下降了 52 %。干预前各组间血铅水平没有差异 (P >0 0 5) ,而干预后对照组与治疗A组、对照组与治疗B组间比较 ,t分别为 0 970 (P >0 0 5)、2 6 36 (P <0 0 1) ,对照组与治疗B组之间有显著差异。提示健康教育及口服钙剂皆能明显降低轻中度铅中毒儿童的血铅水平 ,而两者同时配合进行 ,效果更加显著。     

Determination of cholesterol in human hair using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

This work describes a sensitive method for determining cholesterol in human hair using GC-MS. In this study, we used a very small amount of hair, only 1 mg, to quantify cholesterol. We also can achieve more effective purification and a good recovery over 92% with solid-phase extraction using an Oasis HLB cartridge. The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy values were less than 7.08%. Cholesterol was determined to be in the range of 355-1693 microg/g in healthy human hair. We tested the concentration correlation between the serum and hair to examine the feasibility of using the hair cholesterol level as an index of the serum cholesterol level. The correlation between the serum cholesterol was 0.86 (r-value) in patients with hypercholesterolemia. This finding indicates that, in the clinical field, hair could replace serum in cholesterol level measurement.     

Oxidative Modification in Human Hair: The Effect of the Levels of Cu (II) Ions,UV Exposure and Hair Pigmentation

Protein oxidative degradation is implicated in a wide range of deleterious effects. For human hair, this oxidative damage can lead to significant observable changes in fiber physical and visual properties. A redox proteomic approach was applied to map molecular modification in human hair proteins and correlate this modification with the abundance of copper (II) ions, the levels of UV exposure and the general level of hair pigmentation. An increase in oxidative modification was observed with increasing copper (II) ion levels, regardless of the pigmentation level. Significantly, increased protein oxidative modification was also observed to occur in both lightly and darkly pigmented hair tresses even in the absence of irradiation, albeit at lower relative levels. Modification levels increased with increased copper (II) ion concentration. This new finding indicates that the level of copper (II) ions in human hair plays a key role in mediating protein oxidation, with or without exposure to UV light. Overall, these results strongly suggest that minimization of the level of copper (II) ions in human hair will mitigate and/or slow protein oxidative modification and therefore lower overall hair damage.     

髋部骨折治疗效果的影响因素研究及分析

目的分析髋部骨折治疗效果,探究其影响因素。方法选取2014年4月至2015年9月期间珠海市人民医院收治的82例髋骨骨折患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,将其分为手术组(n=65)和非手术组(n=17),观察两组患者的治疗效果,探究其影响因素。结果非手术组患者的优良率为70.6%,手术组患者的优良率为96.9%,两组患者的优良率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),对本次研究中患者的年龄、性别、骨折类型、抗骨折疏松治疗等相关因素进行分析,除了性别因素外,患者的年龄、骨折类型、抗骨折疏松治疗等因素均影响治疗效果。结论手术治疗髋部骨折治疗效果明显,治疗效果与患者的年龄、骨折类型、抗骨折疏松治疗等因素均有明显的关系。     

Neutron activation analysis of neonate and maternal hair sampled in areas with different levels of pollution

Instrumental neutron activation analysis has been performed on human head hair of newborns and mothers sampled in two areas with a different level of environmental exposure. The group of neonates from the exposed area (polluted by thermal power plants burning brown coal and by chemical industry) has exhibited higher levels of several trace elements in hair, e.g. Se, Zn, Hg and Sb in comparison with the control group. Moreover, the mean concentrations of Se, Hg, Zn and Br in neonate hair have been found to be higher than in mothers hair. Although the study revealed statistically significant differences in the composition of neonate hair sampled in areas with different levels of environmental exposure, the differences are relatively small. Only a thorough long-term study both with environmental and medical observations can prove a direct connection of the elevated levels of some trace elements in neonate hair with the higher frequency of mental diseases of children living in the exposed area.     

发铅与缺铁性贫血关系的探讨

测定了40例缺铁性贫血患儿的发铅,并与健康对照组比较,结果表明,缺铁性贫血患儿发铅水平显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）,缺铁性贫血组发铅不高的9例平均血红蛋白量明显高于发铅高的31例（P＜0．05）,提示铅与缺铁性贫血有关。     

Investigation of elemental models in senile dementia and depressives using neutron activation analysis

Instrumental neutron activation analysis has been used to determine the concentration of a range of elements in hair and blood samples, separated into erythrocytes and plasma, obtained from two groups of women, senile demented (9) and depressives (16), and their respective controls (17 and 9). The results suggest that the senile dementia group has significantly higher Al concentrations in erythrocytes and hair relative to the controls but no significant correlation between the aluminium content of hair and that of blood exists. Further, Zn concentrations determined in the erythrocytes and plasma of these subjects were lower compared to the control values. Vanadium levels above our detection limit for the element were found in seven cases out of a total of sixteen in the depressive group. Vanadium was also found to be at higher concentration in the hair of the depressive group compared to the controls. Again no significant correlation was found to exist between the concentration of vanadium in hair and in erythrocyte sample for these seven subjects.     

Chitooligosaccharides prevent osteopenia by promoting bone formation and suppressing bone resorption in ovariectomised rats: possible involvement of COX-2

Chitooligosaccharides (CHOS) added in diet have been found as potent calcium fortifiers in conditions of Ca²⁺ deficiency such as osteoporosis. In this study, we found that pharmaceutical intervention using CHOS prevented ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone mineral density loss and the deterioration of trabecular microarchitecture in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05 or 0.01). CHOS (125, 250 mg/kg) suppressed the serum levels of bone resorption biomarkers CTx and TRACP5b induced by OVX (p < 0.05), but increased the levels of osteogenic markers ALP and OC by 11.3–11.6% and 10.7–15.2% of OVX group (p < 0.05), suggesting the exact pharmacological action of CHOS in the control of osteoporosis which may be the result of both promoting bone formation and suppressing bone resorption. Bone turnover-modulating effects of CHOS appear related to their anti-inflammatory capacity to down-regulate mRNA and protein expression of COX-2 (17.2–32.2% and 16.4–21.9% of OVX group, p < 0.05 or 0.01), a key mediator linking between inflammation and osteoporosis.