Screening, Kohn anomaly, Friedel oscillation, and RKKY interaction in bilayer graphene

We calculate the screening function in bilayer graphene (BLG) in both the intrinsic (undoped) and the extrinsic (doped) regimes within the random phase approximation, comparing our results with the corresponding single layer graphene and the regular two-dimensional electron gas. We find that the Kohn anomaly is strongly enhanced in BLG. We also discuss the Friedel oscillation and the RKKY interaction, which are associated with the nonanalytic behavior of the screening function at q=2k(F). We find that the Kohn anomaly, the Friedel oscillation, and the RKKY interaction are all qualitatively different in the BLG compared with the single layer graphene and the two-dimensional electron gas.     

The giant Kohn phonon anomaly in a Peierls semiconductor

It is shown that the ‘giant Kohn phonon anomaly’ which is characteristic of a one-dimensional metal may also be found in a Peierls semiconductor. A simple model reflecting roughly the LA-phonon dispersion of K₂Pt(CN)₄Br_0.3 · 3H₂O has been used to get numerical results.     

Phonon spectrum and Kohn anomaly in platinum

The phonon frequencies of platinum are calculated using a model potential approach. The results are in fair agreement with the experimental data but do not show any Kohn anomaly or any kink, as revealed experimentally. The magnitude of the anomaly has been theoretically estimated and comes out to be very small.     

Peierls-Fröhlich instability and Kohn anomaly

A mathematical basis is given to the Peierls-Fröhlich instability and the Kohn anomaly. The techniques and ideas are based on the recently developed mathematical theory of quantum fluctuations and response theory. We prove that there exists a unique resonant one-mode interaction between electrons and phonons which is responsible for the Peierls-Fröhlich instability and the phase transition in the Mattis-Langer model. We prove also that the softening of this phonon mode at the critical temperature (Kohn anomaly) is a consequence of the critical slowing down of the dynamics of the lattice distortion fluctuations. It is the result of the linear dependence of two fluctuation operators corresponding to the frozen charge density wave and the distortion order parameter.     

Kohn anomaly in MgB2 by inelastic X-ray scattering

We study phonons in MgB2 using inelastic x-ray scattering (1.6 and 6 meV resolution). We clearly observe the softening and broadening of the crucial E(2g) mode through the Kohn anomaly along GammaM, in excellent agreement with ab initio calculations. Low temperature measurements (just above and below T(c)) show negligible changes for the momentum transfers investigated and no change in the E(2g) mode at A between room temperature and 16 K. We report the presence of a longitudinal mode along GammaA near in energy to the E(2g) mode that is not predicted by theory.     

The effect of Holstein phonons on the electrical conductivity of doped monolayer graphene

Electrical conductivity of graphene sheets is studied in the presence of coupling between lattice optical vibrations and electrons. Green's function approach is implemented to find the temperature behavior of electrical conductivity. Moreover, the effect of electronic doping on the electrical conductivity of graphene with electron–phonon interaction is investigated. Our results show that electrical conductivity increases as a function of temperature at low temperature and gets a maximum value and then decays at high temperature.     

Electronic Bloch oscillation in a pristine monolayer graphene

In a pristine monolayer graphene subjected to a constant electric field along the layer, the Bloch oscillation of an electron is studied in a simple and efficient way. By using the electronic dispersion relation, the formula of a semi-classical velocity is derived analytically, and then many aspects of Bloch oscillation, such as its frequency, amplitude, as well as the direction of the oscillation, are investigated. It is interesting to find that the electric field affects the component of motion, which is non-collinear with electric field, and leads the particle to be accelerated or oscillated in another component.     

Transmission reflection anomaly in second-harmonic generation from a monolayer

We show experimentally that in second-harmonic generation from a monolayer the radiation propagating in transmission and that in reflection can have very different magnitudes. The origin of this difference lies in destructive and constructive interference of the components of the nonlinear polarization that drive the field at the second-harmonic frequency.     

Anomalous increase in the thermopower in a graphene monolayer formed on a tunable graphene bilayer

The conductivity and thermopower of a graphene monolayer formed on a tunable graphene bilayer have been studied within a simple model. It has been shown that kinks of the conductivity and peaks of the thermopower of the graphene monolayer appear near the edges of the band gap of the tunable graphene bilayer.     

Cavity plasmon polaritons in monolayer graphene

Plasmon polaritons in a new system, a monolayer doped graphene embedded in optical microcavity, are studied here. The dispersion law for lower and upper cavity plasmon polaritons is obtained. Peculiarities of Rabi splitting for the system are analyzed; particularly, role of Dirac-like spinor (envelope) wave functions in graphene and corresponding angle factors are considered. Typical Rabi frequencies for maximal (acceptable for Dirac-like electron spectra) Fermi energy and frequencies of polaritons near polariton gap are estimated. The plasmon polaritons in considered system can be used for high-speed information transfer in the THz region.     

Thermodynamic properties of a magnetically modulated graphene monolayer

The effect of magnetic modulation on thermodynamic properties of a graphene monolayer in the presence of a constant perpendicular magnetic field is reported here. One-dimensional spatial electric or magnetic modulation lifts the degeneracy of the Landau levels and converts into bands and their bandwidth oscillates with magnetic field, leading to Weiss-type oscillations in the thermodynamic properties. The effect of magnetic modulation on the thermodynamic properties of a graphene sheet is studied and then compared with electrically modulated graphene and magnetically modulated conventional two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). We observe Weiss-type and de Haas-van Alphen oscillations at low and high magnetic fields, respectively. There is a definite phase difference in Weiss-type oscillations in thermodynamic quantities of magnetically modulated graphene compared to electrically modulated graphene. On the other hand, the phase remains the same and the amplitude of the oscillation is large when compared with the magnetically modulated two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). Explicit asymptotic expressions of the density of states and the Helmholtz free energy are provided to understand the phase and amplitude of the Weiss-type oscillations qualitatively. We also study thermodynamic properties when both electric and magnetic modulations are present. The Weiss-type oscillations still exist when the modulations are out-of-phase.     

Magnetotransport in a graphene monolayer with two tunable magnetic barriers

The magnetotransport property for a monolayer graphene with two turnable magnetic barriers has been investigated by the transfer-matrix method. We show that the parameters of barrier height, width, and interval between two barriers affect the electron wave decaying length, which determine the conductance with parallel or antiparallel magnetization configuration, and consequently the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) for the system. Interestingly, a graphene attached by two barriers with different heights can produce a resonant TMR peak at low energy region one order of magnitude larger than that for the system with two same height barriers because that the asymmetry of magnetic barriers block the electron transmission in the case of antiparallel magnetization configuration. The results obtained here may be useful in understanding of electron tunneling in graphene and in designing of graphene-based nanodevices.     

Smearing of the two-dimensional Kohn anomaly in a nonquantizing magnetic field: implications for interaction effects

Thermodynamic and transport characteristics of a clean two-dimensional interacting electron gas are shown to be sensitive to the weak perpendicular magnetic field even at temperatures much higher than the cyclotron energy, when the quantum oscillations are completely washed out. We demonstrate this sensitivity for two interaction-related characteristics: electron lifetime and the tunnel density of states. The origin of the sensitivity is traced to the field-induced smearing of the Kohn anomaly; this smearing is the result of curving of the semiclassical electron trajectories in magnetic field.     

Weak localization in monolayer and bilayer graphene

We describe the weak localization correction to conductivity in ultra-thin graphene films, taking into account disorder scattering and the influence of trigonal warping of the Fermi surface. A possible manifestation of the chiral nature of electrons in the localization properties is hampered by trigonal warping, resulting in a suppression of the weak anti-localization effect in monolayer graphene and of weak localization in bilayer graphene. Intervalley scattering due to atomically sharp scatterers in a realistic graphene sheet or by edges in a narrow wire tends to restore weak localization resulting in negative magnetoresistance in both materials.     

单层与双层石墨烯的光学吸收性质研究

采用紧束缚模型分别描述单层、双层石墨烯的能带结构, 利用光子-电子相互作用的二阶微扰理论分别计算单光子和双光子吸收系数.计算结果表明: 单层石墨烯单光子吸收系数为常数, 约为6.8×10⁷ m^-1, 即单层石墨烯对入射光的吸收率约为2.3%; 双层石墨烯的单光子吸收比单层石墨烯的单光子吸收强, 且随入射光波长呈分段性变化.单层石墨烯的双光子吸收系数与波长λ⁴成正比; 双层石墨烯双光子吸收系数在红外波段(～ 3100 nm处)有一个很强的共振吸收峰. 研究结果可为石墨烯材料在光电子器件的研究和制作方面提供指导. 关键词： 石墨烯 光学吸收 紧束缚模型     

Magnetic quantum oscillations in a monolayer graphene under a perpendicular magnetic field

The de Haas-van Alphen(dHvA) oscillations of electronic magnetization in a monolayer graphene with structureinduced spin-orbit interaction(SOI) are studied.The results show that the dHvA oscillating centre in this system deviates from the well known(zero) value in a conventional two-dimensional electron gas.The inclusion of SOI will change the well-defined sawtooth pattern of magnetic quantum oscillations and result in a beating pattern.In addition,the SOI effects on Hall conductance and magnetic susceptibility are also discussed.