Cu-NIC-TMED富集黄芩中黄芩苷的规律及机理

以烟酸(NIC)为配体制备了金属-有机骨架材料(MOFs)铜-烟酸-四甲基乙二胺配位聚合物(Cu-NICTMED),并将其用于黄芩中黄芩苷的吸附、分离和纯化,建立了一种无毒无害、环境友好、流程简化且效率较高的提取方法.采用溶剂热法合成Cu-NIC-TMED,然后对其进行结构表征,以实现适当的配位及准确合成.研究了Cu-NIC-TMED吸附黄芩苷的规律和机理:该吸附符合准二级动力学方程,平衡吸附数据符合Langmuir吸附等温模型.同时,通过对响应面(RSM)进行优化得到最佳吸附参数.在最佳吸附参数条件下, Cu-NIC-TMED对黄芩中黄芩苷的吸附率高达84.08%,且对黄芩中其它成分的吸附效果微乎其微.使用pH=6.8的磷酸盐缓冲溶液（PBS）作为解吸溶液, Cu-NIC-TMED解吸黄芩苷的解吸率为41.24%,黄芩苷的纯度由吸附前的21.55%提高到解吸后的75.77%, Cu-NIC-TMED在吸附前后具有良好的稳定性,回收率达到78.64%.因此, Cu-NIC-TMED在黄芩苷的吸附纯化中具有应用价值.     

不同尺寸ZIF-8对U(VI)的吸附性能

以经典的金属有机骨架(MOFs)材料ZIF-8为吸附剂,研究尺寸效应对铀吸附性能的影响。 通过3种方法合成不同粒径的ZIF-8,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、表面积与孔隙度分析仪等对其进行了表征,测试了相同条件下不同尺寸的ZIF-8对硝酸铀酰溶液中U(VI)吸附,分别对其吸附过程的动力学和吸附等温线进行了考察,并测试了材料的可重复利用性。 结果表明,成功制备了高结晶性、高纯度的ZIF-8,产物形貌呈菱形十二面体,颗粒均匀,粒径分别为约50 nm、150 nm及2 μm;3种ZIF-8具有单一均匀的微孔结构和与粒径高度相关的比表面积;不同尺寸的ZIF-8均能快速吸附溶液中的U(VI),在室温pH=3下,在70 min左右时即可吸附初始质量浓度为200 mg/L的U(VI)溶液中90%以上U(VI);其中较小尺寸(约50 nm)的ZIF-8吸附性能最好,单位质量ZIF-8吸附U(VI)的饱和吸附量达到520.26 mg/g;ZIF-8对U的吸附动力学上符合二级动力学方程,吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型,说明ZIF-8对U(VI)的捕获属于化学单层吸附;经过4个吸附-解吸循环后,3种尺寸的ZIF-8均依然保持了70%以上的去除率。     

ZIF-8@PDMAPMA复合材料的构筑及其性能研究

采用分步法(路线I)和一步法(路线II和路线III)分别合成了金属有机框架(MOFs)/高分子复合材料(ZIF-8@PDMAPMA),并采用粉末X射线衍射(PXRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和热重分析(TGA)等对其进行了表征.ZIF-8@PDMAPMA复合材料由高分子柔性链包覆ZIF-8晶体颗粒形成核壳纳米颗粒,探讨了不同合成方法对其形貌的影响.ZIF-8@PDMAPMA纳米颗粒呈球状或类似ZIF-8晶体形状轮廓.反应体系中单体、有机配体以及反应过程中形成的高分子链均具有乳化作用,实现了对复合纳米材料粒径及其分布的有效控制,粒径仅50 nm,且分布均一.高分子柔性链对MOFs晶体颗粒的有效包裹导致ZIF-8@PDMAPMA对N_2吸附能力减弱.ZIF-8@PDMAPMA亲水性明显增强,从而使其在水中的分散性和稳定性得到明显改善,且粒径分布均一.同时,实现了ZIF-8@PDMAPMA对苯扎氯铵的有效负载和可控释放,最大负载量达到0.05 g/g,且释放率达到82%.动力学模拟结果显示,复合材料内部的ZIF-8的孔隙和表面的高分子柔性链对苯扎氯铵具有多层吸附行为.高分子柔性链与刚性MOFs晶体有效结合,极大地改善了MOFs在水相中的稳定性,并将进一步拓宽其应用范围和领域.     

ZIF-8/改性聚丙烯腈电纺纳米纤维的制备及其高效去除水中孔雀石绿

通过原位生长方法,将最常见的金属有机骨架(MOFs)——沸石咪唑酯骨架材料(ZIF-8)固定到羧甲基化聚丙烯腈静电纺丝纳米纤维(PAN-COOH NFs)表面,得到ZIF-8/PAN-COOH NFs。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散光谱(EDS)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对合成的ZIF-8/PAN-COOH NFs形貌和结构进行表征,并深入研究ZIF-8/PAN-COOHNFs从废水中去除孔雀石绿(MG)的性能。研究发现： ZIF-8/PAN-COOH NFs对MG的吸附符合拟二级动力学方程,吸附过程可采用Langmuir等温线模型拟合,其对MG的最大吸附容量可达3 604 mg·g^-1。此外,ZIF-8/PAN-COOH NFs在染料吸附实验中表现出良好的分离功能和重复利用性。     

黄芩素和黄芩苷与人血清白蛋白相互作用的光谱研究

采用荧光光谱、紫外-可见光谱和表面增强拉曼光谱研究了黄芩素和黄芩苷与人血清白蛋白的相互作用, 得到了分子间的结合状态和吸附形态方面的信息. 通过比较黄芩素和黄芩苷的普通拉曼和表面增强拉曼光谱, 确立了黄芩素和黄芩苷的正常构象, 同时考察了结合上人血清白蛋白后不同浓度黄芩素和黄芩苷的吸附方式差别.     

紫外分光光度法测定黄芩中黄芩苷的含量

从黄芩中提取黄芩苷,并用紫外分光光度法对纯化后的黄芩苷进行测定。建立了一种以乙醇为溶剂、超声溶解制样、检测波长为278nm的测定黄芩苷含量的新方法。纯化后黄芩苷纯度达98．76％,黄芩苷乙醇溶液的含量在1～18μg／mL之间与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0．9993,平均回收率为99．49％,相对标准偏差为0．328％（n=4）。该方法适用于黄芩苷的定量测定。     

ZIF-8对金银花叶中有机酸的选择性吸附：实验和理论研究（英文）

建立一种有效的制备、分离、纯化金银花叶中有机酸的方法很具有挑战性。以ZIF-8号为吸附剂,从金银花叶中选择性吸附分离有机酸,并对吸附机理进行了研究。考察了吸附剂用量、吸附时间、吸附温度和解吸条件等主要参数。在最佳条件下,ZIF-8富集的成分主要是有机酸(新绿原酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、异绿原酸B、异绿原酸A和异绿原酸C)。ZIF-8对这6种化合物在三个加标水平(0.5、5、10 mg·L~(-1))下的回收率在70.7%～107.7%,相对标准偏差在0.89%～7.57%之间。此外,我们认为ZIF-8对有机酸的吸附主要归因于表面吸附、静电和氢键相互作用。这些结果证明了MOFs材料从复杂药用植物中选择性提取活性成分的可行性。     

金属有机骨架材料/聚酰亚胺混合基质膜的制备及气体分离性能

合成了3种不同结构、 粒径和气体吸附性能的金属有机骨架材料(MOFs): 微米级Cu₃(BTC)₂、 亚微米级ZIF-8和S-Cu₃(BTC)₂. 氮气吸附等温线分析结果表明, ZIF-8和Cu₃(BTC)₂具有较大比表面积(1653和1439 m²/g), S-Cu₃(BTC)₂的比表面积为171.4 m²/g. 用共混法将MOFs直接引入聚酰亚胺中制备了MOFs/聚酰亚胺混合基质膜(MMMs). X射线衍射(XRD)和全反射红外光谱(FTIR-ATR)分析结果表明, MOFs在混合基质膜中保持物理和化学稳定. 气体渗透测试结果表明, MOFs的加入使膜的气体渗透分离性能明显提高, S-Cu₃(BTC)₂使渗透系数增加了1.75倍; ZIF-8和Cu₃(BTC)₂使渗透系数增加了3倍左右; 同时, 膜的气体分离系数变化很小.     

ZIF-8的合成、表征及正己烷吸附性能

以甲醇为溶剂,硝酸锌六水合物为锌源,2-甲基咪唑为有机配体,通过溶剂热法合成了金属有机骨架材料ZIF-8;采用X射线衍射(XRD)、氮气吸附、热重-差热分析(TG-DSC)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等方法对ZIF-8样品进行了表征;研究了正己烷在ZIF-8上的液相吸附动力学和动态选择性吸附性能.结果表明,合成的ZIF-8晶体具有方钠石结构,结晶度较高,孔结构主要为0.37~1.10 nm的微孔,BET比表面积为1836 m2/g,孔体积为0.65 cm~3/g.TG-DSC和高温原位XRD分析结果表明,合成的ZIF-8具有良好的热稳定性能.283~313 K时,正己烷在ZIF-8上液相吸附的扩散系数为(2.53~8.88)×10-12cm~2/s,扩散活化能为31.11 k J/mol;308 K时,ZIF-8对正己烷的动态饱和吸附量为187.3 mg/g,由吸附穿透曲线计算得出Thomas速率常数为2.17×10~(-3)m L·min~(-1)·mg~(-1).与5A分子筛相比,ZIF-8对正己烷的吸附容量高出约1倍,液相吸附表观扩散时间常数高出约70%.     

大孔吸附树脂对金莲花黄色素的吸附性能研究

本文研究了大孔吸附树脂吸附金莲花黄色素的性能.研究结果表明:采用静态吸附法,从X-5、AB-8、D-296R、NKA、S-8 五种吸附树脂中筛选出一种吸附、解吸性能都较为理想的大孔吸附树脂X-5,并对其进行了静态吸附动力学的研究,得出的静态吸附动力学曲线反映了树脂的吸附量随时间的变化关系,其吸附动力学方程符合Langmiur提出的吸附速率方程.采用动态吸附法,得到动态吸附透过曲线和动态解吸曲线,其中采用80%乙醇溶液作为洗脱剂,其动态解吸率为88.79%.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.