微波辅助铜合成2-(N,N-二甲氨基)苯并噁唑衍生物

建立了一种简单实用、经济高效的以取代2-碘芳胺和N,N-二甲基氨基硫代甲酰氯为原料,以碘化亚铜为催化剂,吡啶为溶剂,100 ℃条件下,串联合成2-(N,N-二甲氨基)苯并噁唑衍生物的微波催化体系,合成了一系列中等至良好产率的2-(N,N-二甲氨基)苯并噁唑衍生物,最高产率达90%。     

吡唑[1,5-a]并吡啶-3-羧酸衍生物合成方法的改进

以取代吡啶为原料,在羟胺-O-磺酸的作用下,得到取代的N-氨基吡啶的硫酸盐,再通过1,3-偶极环加成反应,与丙炔酸乙酯生成吡唑[1,5-a]并吡啶-3-羧酸乙酯衍生物,然后在质量分数30%的NaOH水溶液作用下水解成酸。 该方法将取代的N-氨基吡啶的硫酸盐直接投入到下步反应,省去传统方法中将硫酸盐转化为碘盐的步骤,解决了碘盐不易析出的问题,并将取代的N-氨基吡啶硫酸盐和丙炔酸乙酯分别用水和二甲基甲酰胺溶解后再混合,增加了原料和K₂CO₃在体系中的溶解性,提高了产率。 本文成功合成了6种化合物(4a~4f),产率为88%~93%,该方法条件温和,后处理简单,成本低,是适合大规模生产的新工艺。     

咔唑系列化合物的电极氧化过程

本文研究了咔唑及其几种不同类型衍生物的电极氧化过程.这些衍生物有N-烷基咔唑,如甲基至正庚基、及异丙基咔唑;还有N-不饱和取代基咔唑,如N,-烯丙基、N-苄基、N-乙烯基咔唑;以及N,N'间含有不同烷基的二咔唑.从而得出了这些化合物的电极反应机理.     

(Z)-2-(2-三苯甲基氨基噻唑-4-基)-2-[1,5-二(二苯甲氧基)-4-吡啶酮-2-基甲氧基亚胺]乙酸的合成工艺改进

以5-羟基-2-羟甲基-4-吡喃酮为原料,经羟基保护、迈克尔加成、亲核取代、Mitsunobu反应、肼解及缩合等反应合成了BAL30072关键中间体——(Z)-2-(2-三苯甲基氨基噻唑-4-基)-2-(1,5-二(二苯甲氧基)-4-吡啶酮-2-基甲氧基亚胺)乙酸,总收率23%,其结构经1H NMR和MS确证。该合成工艺已放大到公斤级规模。     

三氟化硼乙醚催化合成1-(氨基甲酰基甲基)-2-烃基-3,1-苯并噁嗪类化合物

研究了三氟化硼乙醚(BF₃·OEt₂)催化2-(N-取代氨基甲酰基甲基氨基)苯甲醇与醛的反应,发展了合成取代3,1-苯并噁嗪类化合物的方法,通过该方法合成了一系列新型结构的1-(氨基甲酰基甲基)-2-烃基-3,1-苯并噁嗪类化合物。 对于这类反应BF₃·OEt₂比三甲基氯硅烷(TMSCl)和四氯化锡(SnCl₄)的普适性更广,它能有效催化这类反应,而后二者却不能。 探讨了TMSCl和SnCl₄不能催化2-(N-取代氨基甲酰甲基氨基)苯甲醇与醛反应的原因。     

5-甲基-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮类糖苷化合物的合成及抗菌活性

在KOH/丙酮体系中, 以5-甲基-4-N-取代苯基亚胺/胺基-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮为原料, 与溴-α-D-四乙酰葡萄糖进行Kenigs-Knorr反应合成了10个新颖的化合物—5-甲基-4-N-取代苯基亚胺基/胺基-3-S-(2',3',4',6'-四-O-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-1,2,4-三唑(2a~2e, 5a~5e); 并在二氯甲烷/甲醇/甲醇钠混合体系中水解脱除乙酰基, 得到10个新颖的化合物—5-甲基-4-N-取代苯基亚胺基-3-S-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-1,2,4-三唑(3a~3e)及5-甲基-4-N-取代苯基胺基-3-S-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-1,2,4-三唑(6a~6e). 化合物的结构均经核磁共振波谱(NMR)、 红外光谱(IR)和高分辨质谱(HRMS)分析确证. 生物活性测试结果表明, 目标化合物对大肠杆菌、 金黄色葡萄球菌、 枯草芽孢杆菌和白色念珠球菌普遍具有较好的抗菌活性. 化合物3d和3e对4种菌株的最小抑菌浓度相对较低, 表现出较强的广谱抗菌活性.     

3-亚甲基异苯并呋喃-1(3H)-酮及其衍生物合成新方法

报道了3-亚甲基异苯并呋喃-1(3H)-酮及其衍生物简易、高效的合成方法.其特点是原料易得且价格低廉、反应条件温和、收率高.该方法以2-甲基苯甲酸及其衍生物为原料,经过酯化、自由基溴代和三苯基膦发生亲核取代反应合成了2-[(溴三苯基正膦基)甲基]苯甲酸甲酯及其衍生物;随后发生Wittig反应、羧酸酯碱性条件下水解得到2-乙烯基苯甲酸及其衍生物;接着和碘(NBS)发生环合反应,生成3-碘(溴)甲基异苯并呋喃-1(3H)-酮及其衍生物;最后消除卤化氢得到目标化合物.     

3-亚甲基异苯并呋喃-1(3H)-酮及其衍生物的合成研究

以2-乙烯基苯甲酸甲酯及其衍生物为原料,经过酯水解反应,随后发生环氧化、环合反应制备了3-羟甲基异苯并呋喃-1(3H)-酮及其衍生物;再和三溴化磷或者对甲苯磺酰氯发生亲核取代,最后通过消除反应合成了3-亚甲基异苯并呋喃-1(3H)-酮及其衍生物.在亲核取代和消除反应中,对甲苯磺酰氯法比三溴化磷法产率高.目标产物及其中间体有10个是新化合物.化合物结构用1H NMR,13C NMR,MS和IR表征.目标产物在空气中长期放置没有发生二聚.     

吸电子基取代的N-芳基磺酰腙作为重氮化合物前体的研究进展

N-芳基磺酰腙是一类稳定的重氮化合物替代物, 其中, N-对甲基苯磺酰腙研究历史悠久, 在卡宾化学中占据重要地位, 相关的研究报道及综述较多. 近年来, 作为一类更加温和的重氮替代物, 吸电子基取代的N-芳基磺酰腙参与的化学反应发展迅速, 但是相关的研究梳理工作相对缺乏. 因此, 本综述聚焦于吸电子基取代的N-芳基磺酰腙作为重氮化合物替代物在有机合成反应中的研究进展, 重点总结了N-邻硝基苯磺酰腙和N-邻三氟甲基苯磺酰腙参与的偶联、环化、插入、多组分反应和Doyle-Kirmse等反应.     

1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯(DBU)立体选择性催化合成噁唑啉-2-(硫)酮衍生物

以1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯(DBU)为催化剂,在无其它金属催化条件下,炔丙醇与异氰酸酯(或硫氰酸酯)进行亲核加成/环化反应,合成了一系列多取代的噁唑烷-2-(硫)酮衍生物,收率为75%~95%.该反应经5-exo-dig环化机制,高度立体选择性地得到Z-式芳亚甲基取代产物,为噁唑啉酮的骨架合成提供了简单快速的合成方法.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.