炭黑在异戊橡胶中的分散及其对动静态性能的影响北大核心CSCD

橡胶在使用时往往需要在生胶中加入填料颗粒以提高其力学强度,填料在橡胶中的分散状态对其使用性能有显著影响。为了明晰填料分散状态对橡胶动静态性能的影响规律,设计了不同的胶料混炼工艺,进而获得具有不同分散程度的橡胶材料,并对其分散等级、颗粒聚集体尺寸分布、胶料硫化性质、橡胶拉伸以及疲劳等性质进行了系统研究。结果表明,在所研究的密炼时间4~16 min范围内,随着密炼时间的延长,填料在基体中的分散度等级有较大程度的提高,密炼时间为16 min时填料分散等级达到了8.1级,胶料的门尼粘度下降显著,但胶料的拉伸性能变化不明显,而动态疲劳性能得以显著改善。随着开炼包辊时间的延长,填料在基体中的分散度等级呈先升高后降低的趋势,橡胶的动态疲劳性能也先升高后降低,当开炼包辊时间为20 min时,硫化胶的伸张疲劳寿命达到4×10~4次,继续延长包辊时间硫化胶的伸张疲劳寿命下降至2.3×10~4次;但是胶料整体的拉伸性能变化不明显。由此可见,通过调整混炼工艺可以改善填料在橡胶基体中的分散状态,进而提高胶料的疲劳性能。     

轮胎胎面胶料性能及其机理研究进展

滚动阻力、抗湿滑性能和耐磨性能是轮胎使用过程中最重要的三项性能,然而它们之间存在着严重的相互制约关系,同时提高这三项性能对胎面材料研发仍是一个挑战。本文从橡胶复合材料黏弹性的角度,综述了填料网络结构、填料-橡胶相互作用等对胎面胶料的滚动阻力、抗湿滑性能、耐磨性能的影响及其机理研究进展。通过橡胶分子结构优化以及填料改性,降低胶料中的填料网络结构,提高填料-橡胶相互作用,有利于提高胎面胶料的综合性能。     

石墨烯/聚氨酯复合材料的研究进展

石墨烯是一种新型二维纳米片层碳材料,拥有极高的机械强度、电子迁移率、导热系数及独特的化学结构,将其作为填料对聚氨酯进行功能化改性可有效改善基体的力学、导热导电、电磁屏蔽等性能,因此成为近年来复合材料研究领域的一大热点。本文对石墨烯改性及其在聚氨酯材料中的研究进展进行了综述,以复合材料的制备方法、性能研究进行分类,对复合材料常用的拉伸、压缩、导热模型建立方法进行了总结,展望了石墨烯/聚氨酯复合材料产业化的挑战与机遇。     

亲水性炭黑-天然橡胶纳米复合材料的制备及性能

利用原位球磨法制备了聚苯乙烯磺酸钠表面修饰炭黑,粒径分析和离心沉降实验结果表明,改性炭黑在水中具有十分优异的分散稳定性。利用该改性炭黑通过胶乳混合法成功制备了亲水性炭黑-天然橡胶纳米复合材料。采用万能电子拉力机、扫描电子显微镜、结合橡胶含量分析和动态热机械分析等多种手段对该复合材料进行了测试和研究。结果表明,与未改性炭黑相比,改性炭黑在橡胶基体中的分散性明显改善,与基体的相互作用显著增强,材料的力学性能大幅提高,填料网络化程度明显减弱。     

填料填充型聚合物基导热材料的研究进展

大多数聚合物由于导热性差等缺点,限制了其在许多领域的应用,因此需要添加导热填料增强聚合物的导热性能,提高材料的使用价值.但是导热填料难以均匀分散到聚合物中,极大地制约了其在高性能热界面材料中的应用,所以需要对填料进行表面功能化,提高其分散性和降低填料与基体之间的界面热阻.无论表面功能化的类型如何,不可避免地都会减弱填料...     

碳纤维表面改性研究进展

碳纤维因其优异的综合性能常被用作树脂基体的增强材料.然而由于碳纤维与树脂基体之间的界面结合性能较差,其增强的复合材料的力学性能往往与理论值相差甚远,因此必须对碳纤维进行表面改性,以提高其与聚合物基体的界面粘结性能.本文作者综述了国内外关于碳纤维表面改性技术的研究进展,概述了涂层法、氧化法、高能辐射法等改性方法对碳纤维增强复合材料界面强度的改性效果.     

石墨烯改性树脂基复合材料力学性能研究进展

树脂基复合材料具有比强度高、比模量大、耐高温、耐腐蚀、质轻等诸多优点,在航天军工、生物医疗、电子封装、体育器材等众多领域得到广泛应用。石墨烯作为一种典型的二维纳米材料,凭借其独特结构以及优异的物理化学性能而备受关注。近年来的研究表明石墨烯可以通过对增强纤维改性和对基体树脂改性的方法来提高树脂基复合材料的力学性能。本文介绍了石墨烯改性树脂基复合材料的增强增韧机理,对石墨烯改性纤维(碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维)增强复合材料以及树脂的改性方法进行了综述;着重阐述了石墨烯改性树脂基复合材料力学性能的研究进展,分析了石墨烯改性树脂基复合材料研究中依旧存在的两大问题,即石墨烯的分散性和界面结合问题,并对石墨烯改性树脂基复合材料的未来发展前景进行了展望。     

壳聚糖辅助剥离石墨烯应用于增强聚乙烯醇薄膜

本文以石墨粉为原料,羧甲基壳聚糖(CS)作为助剥离剂和稳定剂,通过湿法机械球磨剥离出具有良好分散性的石墨烯,放置5个月仍无沉降.使用XRD,UV-Vis和SEM等表征手段对其剥离情况及形貌进行分析.并进一步将其作为增强填料改性PVA薄膜,采用流延法制备出一系列不同比例的石墨烯-羧甲基壳聚糖/PVA复合膜,通过SEM、拉...     

石墨烯/橡胶纳米复合材料研究进展

石墨烯结合了碳纳米管导电和黏土片层的结构特征,为发展高性能、多功能聚合物纳米复合材料提供了新的方向.石墨烯/橡胶纳米复合材料近年来引起广泛关注.众多研究结果表明石墨烯是橡胶的理想填料之一,为高性能橡胶改性提供了新途径.本文介绍了石墨烯/橡胶纳米复合材料的3种主要制备方法,即乳液共混法、溶液共混法和机械混炼法,以及材料的物理机械性能、电学性能、气体阻隔性能和热学性能,并分析了该类材料的发展前景和存在问题.     

聚乳酸/二氧化硅超疏水材料的制备及其性能研究

本研究采用硅烷偶联剂KH570化学接枝与硬脂酸(SA)物理包覆相结合的方法对纳米二氧化硅(SiO_2)进行有效改性,得到具有一定疏水效果并能在聚合物基体中有效分散的纳米填料,以聚乳酸(PLLA)为聚合物基体,通过非溶剂诱导相分离法制得了超疏水PLLA/SiO_2复合膜,其表观接触角由纯PLLA的120°提高到153°。研究还发现,填料含量不同,基体的结晶性能也不同,随着改性纳米SiO_2填料含量的增加,膜的结晶度从9.8%提高到17.19%,结晶度对材料表面粗糙结构的构建有重要作用,粗糙结构有助于表面疏水性能的提升。     

Ab-initio study of electronic,optical, thermal,and transport properties of Cr4AlB6

Theoretical investigation of different physical parameters of Cr₄AlB₆ have been done within the framework of density functional theory. Cr₄AlB₆ is a no band gap material. Its Cr-3d states contributes the most at the Fermi level. Thermal properties are investigated using quasi-harmonic Debye model as implemented in Gibbs code for different values of pressure and temperature. Study of transport property suggests that its electrical conductivity increases nonlinearly with increase in temperature but the relative change in its value is very low whereas its thermal conductivity increases linearly with the increase in temperature and relative increase in thermal conductivity is very high. The behavior of Cr₄AlB₆ is anisotropic and property is ceramic. It has potential applications in making ceramic capacitors. Its reflectivity is high in low energy region. It suggests that material can be used as coating material for far-infrared radiation. Study of the transport property suggests that because of very high value of thermal conductivity, it can be used for heat sink applications.     

Thermal,structural and electrical properties

The chloro compound of 3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid with nickel(II) has been prepared in ethanolic solution from which a solid compound was isolated. Spectral and magnetic measurements show that the nickel ions are in an octahedral environment. Thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis and electrical conductivity data are reported for 3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid and its nickel complex. The conductivity measurements indicate that electron/hole traps are emptied during heating of the complex but repopulation occurs in about 24 h at room temperature.     

Reliability of flexible electrically conductive adhesives

Based on our previous work about electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs), a flexibilizer named 1,3‐propanediol bis (4‐aminobenzoate) was used to fabricate flexible ECAs (FECAs). ECAs, FECAs, and electronic devices connected by them were carried out the hot and humid aging test under constant humidity level of 85% relative humidity at 85 °C for 600 h. After aging, the bulk resistance change of ECAs was about 26%, that of FECAs was a little higher, about 29%. The contact resistance change of devices connected by ECAs and FECAs was very great, about 450% and 410%, respectively. The bonding area at connection interface between colloids and devices had delamination, even cracks. The delamination of ECAs was calculated about 60%, the average shear strength of ECAs was reduced about 45%, and those of FECAs were about 50% and 30%, respectively, so FECAs had a higher bonding stability in hot and humid environment. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Assimilation of manganese metal ion doped hydroxyapatite by Co-Precipitation technique

Calcium phosphate mineral [HAp] is a vital ingredient in orthopaedics, dental and hard tissue applications in mammals. Since it can absorb a large number of impurities, the doped HAp has the potential for biomedical applications using its physical and structural properties. In this research, the Mn-doped HAp in which x calcium atoms are replaced by Mn (Ca_10-x Mn_x (PO₄)₆(OH)₂ where x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 mol) is obtained by the co-precipitation method. The physical properties of Mn-doped HAp, such as average crystallite size and degree of crystalline, are determined through XRD studies. The peaks corresponding to the functional groups PO4^3?, CO, and OH of the samples are identified by FTIR studies. The impedance spectroscopy method helps in the investigation of electrical conductivity, and dielectric loss in the impedance spectra for various doping concentrations. The average molar ratio of HApMn is determined with the help of EDX. It was found that there is a decrease in the degrees of crystallization with the doping element concentration (Mn) in all the samples. The diffraction (hkl) indices are confirmed from the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) rings, and the morphological study of the samples using TEM confirms the shape as a rod-like structure. To conclude, the variation in the characteristics of HAp relies on the doping concentration of Mn.     

Typical superparamagnetism with improved electrical properties of nano modified bismuth ferrite multiferroic composites

Multiferroic composites with the chemical formula, (0.5) BiFeO₃ + (0.5) Ni_0.5Zn_0.5Fe₂O₄, in bulk and nano forms were synthesized by preparing bismuth ferrite (BiFeO₃ or BFO) in bulk (B) and nano (N) forms and nickel zinc ferrite (Ni_0.5Zn_0.5Fe₂O₄or NZFO) in nano form. Single phase BFO was synthesized using conventional solid-state reaction as well as sol-gel autocombustion methods and NZFO powders were prepared by using sol-gel autocombustion method, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies reveal the existence of rhombohedrally distorted perovskite structure for BFO and cubic spinel phase for NZFO in single phase as well as composite samples. Microstructural studies and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) data reveal the formation of grains, intergranular porosities and chemical purity of the synthesized samples. Dielectric and AC conductivity measurements confirm the existence of space charge polarization along with the small polaron model in these composites. Ferroelectric and magnetic studies show that there was a considerable enhancement in the ferroelectric and magnetic orders for the nano form of the BFO (N) + NZFO composite. The observed remnant polarization values 2.80388 & 7.75901 μC/cm², saturation magnetization values 37.96072 & 40.47491emu/gm for bulk BFO (B) + NZFO and nano BFO (N) + NZFO composites, respectively. Interestingly, both the samples exhibit superparamagnetic behaviour at room temperature with coercivities close to zero. This typical behaviour is attributed to the corresponding anisotropic contributions originated from the individual constituents. The observed variations in BFO (N) + NZFO sample attributed to the corresponding structural modifications brought about by the variations due to its size effect in the present work.     

Tetrametallic macrocyclic frameworks constructed from ferrocenedicarboxylato and 2,2-bipyridine: synthesis, molecular structures and characteristics

Four novel tetranuclear macrocyclic compounds [Cd₂(η²-O₂CFcCO₂)₂(2,2^′-bpy)₂(H₂O)₂] · 2H₂O (1), [Zn₂(η²-O₂CFcCO₂)₂(2,2^′-bpy)₂(H₂O)₂] · CH₃OH · H₂O (2), [Co₂(O₂CFcCO₂)₂(2,2^′-bpy)₂(μ₂-OH₂)₂] · CH₃OH · 2H₂O (3), and [Ni₂(O₂CFcCO₂)₂(2,2^′-bpy)₂(μ₂-OH₂)₂] · CH₃OH · 2H₂O (Fc=(η⁵-C₅H₄)Fe(η⁵-C₅H₄) (4) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single crystal diffraction. The magnetic behaviors for compounds (3) and (4) are studied in the temperature range of 5.0-300 K. The results show that the antiferromagnetic coupling of Co^II-Co^II pairs occurs in (3), and unusual global ferromagnetic coupling between nickel (II) ions exists in (4). The solution-state differential pulse voltammetries of compounds (1)-(4) all show two peaks with large separations (ΔE) that indicate strong interactions between two ferrocene moieties. Their fluorescent and thermal properties were also investigated.