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介绍了用于保护HL-2A装置远红外激光干涉仪探测器的双色滤波器。根据双色滤波器理论优化设计了双色滤波器的外型和结构,并首次用于HL-2A远红外激光干涉仪密度测量系统。实验结果表明,当双色滤波器长度l=0.2mm,直径d=0.23mm,孔之间的间隔s=0.33mm时,双色滤波器能够很好地隔离68GHz的ECRH波带来的干扰,并对890GHz的HCN激光波有较好的透过率。     

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利用多道远红外HCN激光干涉仪实时测量了等离子体中的粒子数增量,首次得到了HL-2A等离子体偏滤器位形和孔栏位形下强场侧和弱场侧SMBI的加料效率,结果与法国Tore Supra装置的SMBI加料效率的范围相一致。     

HL-2A装置超声分子束注入加料效率的研究

利用多道远红外HCN激光干涉仪实时测量了等离子体中的粒子数增量,首次得到了HL-2A等离子体偏滤器位形和孔栏位形下强场侧和弱场侧SMBI的加料效率,结果与法国Tore Supra装置的SMBI加料效率的范围相一致。     

HL-2A 装置上的极向电荷交换复合光谱诊断

介绍了HL-2A 装置上的高时空分辨极向电荷交换复合光谱诊断系统。该系统观测范围覆盖了大半径R=1.91~2.02m 的等离子体区域,通过测量碳杂质离子谱线CⅥ(n=8→7,λ=529.06nm)的多普勒展宽,获得离子温度的分布剖面。该系统共有2 个光学采集透镜组,其中一个透镜组放置在中性束注入窗口附近,用于观测中性束注入时的主动光谱和被动光谱;另一个透镜组放置在装置的另一侧,用于观测被动光谱。为了实时准确地对各测量通道的波长进行监测,采用了波长λ=532nm 的激光作为参考。在有中性束注入的高模放电期间,系统在等离子体边界R~2.00m 的位置观测到显著的边缘输运垒。     

HL-2M 装置 CO2 色散干涉仪研制

研制了一套新型 CO₂ 激光色散干涉仪用于 HL-2M 装置初始放电期间的电子密度测量。该系统采用 基于激光倍频的色散测量原理,能够消除机械振动产生的相位误差。该系统使用全新的调相式信号调制,研发了 相应的数据采集/处理/上传系统。根据实验测量结果表明,CO₂ 激光色散干涉仪和微波干涉仪测量曲线基本一致, 色散干涉仪系统的测量精度约为 2×10¹⁷m⁻³,密度测量上限能达到 10²¹m⁻³。     

基于合成波长法的飞秒激光外差干涉测距方法

本文提出了一种基于合成波长法的飞秒激光外差干涉测距方法.系统采用两个带通滤波器产生两个具有一定波长差的单波长,用于产生合成波长.本方法结构简单,能量利用率高.与双频激光干涉仪在40 mm范围内的比对结果表明,该方法比对残差的标准差为91 nm.     

HL-2A 装置中利用可见光谱段轫致辐射测量有效离子电荷数

通过测量可见光谱段的轫致辐射(λ=535.1nm)强度,结合等离子体电子密度和电子温度,HL-2A     

级联马赫-曾德尔干涉仪型不等带宽交错滤波器的设计

为了在10Gb/s+40Gb/s混合系统中提高光学奇偶交错滤波器的带宽利用率,提出了基于两级级联马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(MZI)的全光纤型不等带宽光学交错滤波器的设计方案。通过对耦合器分光比、干涉仪臂长差等结构参量的选择,详细分析了两级级联MZI的不等带宽交错滤波器的传输特性,并选取了理论优化计算的一组数据进行实验。数值分析和实验结果表明,该器件将50GHz的输入信号分离成信道间隔为100GHz的奇偶两路输出信号,其中在3dB处,奇数信道带宽大于30GHz用于10Gb/s传输,偶数信道带宽大于60GHz用于40Gb/s传输。该滤波器较传统的等带宽交错滤波器有更高的带宽利用率,在10Gb/s向10Gb/s+40Gb/s升级过程中作为复用/解复用器具有很大优势。     

单频偏振激光干涉仪中波片对非线性误差的影响

研究了用于纳米测量的激光干涉仪中光学波片对非线性误差的影响,基于琼斯矩阵理论建立了多波片的误差分析模型,分析了λ/2和λ/4波片引起的干涉仪非线性误差,对波片位置引起的非线性误差进行了实验研究.结果表明,波片位置调整精度对干涉仪测量影响巨大,在0～5°范围内,λ/2波片和λ/4波片引起的非线性误差分别为6.5 nm和9...     

用于铯原子内态操控的双光子拉曼激光的产生及应用

双光子拉曼过程是一种有效制备和控制原子内态的方法, 在原子内态操控和基于原子的量子信息处理中具有重要意义. 研制用于特定原子的拉曼激光是实现该过程的重要一步. 报道了利用光纤波导相位调制器及滤波器等实现用于铯原子内态操控的拉曼激光的方法, 并成功用于单个铯原子的内态精密操控. 通过4.6 GHz的微波信号源直接驱动波导相位调制器高效地获得光场的调制边带, 并利用自由光谱区为9.19 GHz的法布里-珀罗腔将载波及二阶边带滤掉, 获得了频率精确、相差9.19 GHz的拉曼激光. 经过基于光纤振幅调制器的功率稳定系统, 最终可以获得总功率为73 μupW、长时间内波动为2.2%的拉曼激光束, 并将此光束用于激发单个铯原子, 实现了|6S_1/2, F=4, mF=0和|6S_1/2, F=3, mF=0 之间的可控拉比操作.     

HL-2A装置电子密度多道干涉测量实验系统

电子密度是核聚变等离子体研究中的一个主要物理参数,为获取电子密度时空分布的准确信息,结合HL-2A装置结构特点设计并建立了八道FIR激光干涉仪测量系统。在长光路的布局中采用了介质波导传输,研制了长谐振腔高功率HCN波导激光器。另外为减少干扰影响在差拍信号数据采集电子学中采用了数字锁相滤波FPGA技术, 并用软件和硬件两种相位比较方法监测电子密度,实现了密度随时间变化的实时显示。在等离子体放电中干涉仪系统测量精度可达1/33条纹,相应密度约为1.3×10¹¹cm^-3,时间分辨为0.1ms。     

Multi-Channel FIR HCN Laser Interferometer on HT-7 Tokamak

A Five-channel far-infrared (FIR) hydrogen cyanide (HCN) laser interferometer was developed to measure plasma electron density profile on the HT-7 superconducting tokamak. The structure of the five-channel FIR laser interferometer is described. The laser source used in the interferometer was a continuous wave glow discharge HCN laser with 3.4 m cavity length and 100 mW power output at 337 m wavelength. The temporal resolution was 0.1 ms and the detection sensitivity was 1/12 fringe. Preliminary experimental results measured by the interferometer on HT-7 tokamak are reported.     

Density Fluctuation Measurements Using FIR Interferometer on HL-2A Tokamak

Density fluctuations were first measured in the core region of HL-2A tokamak plasma using a newly developed multi-channel FIR interferometer system. In divertor ohmic discharges, we measured the radial density fluctuation levels of 5%, which increase to 10-20% during the appearance of MHD activity. Most of the power density in the density fluctuation spectrum is directly associated with m = 2 tearing modes. The fluctuation levels reduce to 1/3 and plasma confinement is improved during off-axis electron-cyclotron-resonance heating （ECRH）.     

七道远红外HCN激光干涉仪的数据处理和实验结果

本文用非对称Abel变换,研制了一套计算机程序,对七道远红外HCN激光干涉仪测量的信号进行数据处理,并在HT-6M托卡马克中获得了等离子体电子密度时空分布的实验结果。     

A compact fir ring laser with open resonator and variable output coupling

We describe the design, construction and first experimental results with an open triangle FIR ring resonator with Michelson interferometer output coupling, which we combined with a Brewster-windowless 10W CO₂ pump laser to a compact laser package of 1m length. The achieved stability of power and frequency of this system is very high, typically on the order of ±0.01% over several hours and <20kHz per hour at 800GHz. For the design, we investigated the balance of all laser processes and determined the optimum dimensions for the open resonator cavity. This analysis is based on a radially homogenous overall laser model, including commonly accepted simplified rate equations together with molecular parameters for weak FIR laser lines. In accordance with the modelling the efficiency on the very most prominent lines is better than with conventional waveguide lasers, giving up to 4 times better efficiencies especially on lines with low absorption pump transitions. Several laser lines, however, have substantially enhanced pump thresholds on purely copropagating emission, suppressing laser operation below about 10W pump power threshold. We show that this can not be due to effects from the interferometer.     

HT－6M托卡马克等离子体电子密度分布研究

根据等离子体电子密度诊断原理，建立了七道远红外ＨＣＮ激光干涉仪。用电子密度分布特征参数研究了ＨＴ－６Ｍ托卡马克上的边界欧姆加热（ＥＯＨ）、抽气限制器（ＰｕｍｐｉｎｇＬｉｍｉｔｅｒ）和离子回旋共振加热（ＩＣＲＨ）实验中的密度分布变化规律和约束特性。对于ＨＴ－６Ｍ托卡马克装置欧姆放电，密度分布特征参数ｕ约为１．１～１．３；约束改善的放电模式，ｕ上升到１．８～２．０，电子密度分布展宽；当密度分布特征多数ｕ≤０．９时，密度分布峰化，这是大破裂的先兆。     

New data processing for multichannel FIR laser interferometer

Usually, both the probing and reference signals received by LATGS detectors of FIR interferometer pass through hardware phase discriminator and the output phase difference--hence the electron line densities is collected for analysis and display with a computerized data acquisition system(DAS). In this paper, a new numerical method for computing the phase difference in software has been developed instead of hardware phase discriminator, the temporal resolution and stability is improved. An asymmetrical Abel inversion is applied to processing the data from a seven-channel FIR HCN laser interferometer and the space-time distributions of plasma electron density in the HT-6M tokamak are derived.     

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A three-channel far-infrared (FIR) HCN laser interferometer has been developed to measure the line averaged electron density on EAST tokamak. Detectors with the properties of high sensitivity, high signal-to-noise ratio, small volume and stability are needed in interferometer device. The application of new Schottky barrier diode (SBD) detector has made the density signal and the signal-to-noise ratio greatly improved. The disturbance caused by the lower hybrid wave can be eliminated by using double copper foil shield and narrow band pass filter. The improved detectors have worked well during the long pulse discharge and H mode discharge.     

A variable reflectivity output coupler for optically pumped far infrared lasers

In this paper we describe the design and performance of a variable reflectivity output coupler for optically pumped far infrared (FIR) lasers. The output coupler is a compact, tunable Michelson interferometer. The output coupling ratio (i.e. the Michelson transmission) is adjustable between 0 and 60% for laser line wavelengths between 110 and 500 m. This output coupler provides increased output power and flexibility, since it can be tuned to optimum coupling ratio for different laser lines. Beam profile measurements show that the Michelson output coupler produces a well collimated Gaussian laser beam.Design features are a) the use of 10 m reflection coated quartz vacuum window which acts as a dichroic mirror for the pump radiation and b) the high mechanical stability obtained by a leaf spring flexure mount of the movable Michelson mirror and by restricted alignment devices.