N-Mo-W共掺杂金红石相TiO_2的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论第一性原理与平面波超软赝势法是目前对物质光学性质计算的成熟手段,本文利用MS软件采取该方法对金红石相TiO_2进行了不同掺杂情况下的模拟计算.内容包括未掺杂与单掺杂Mo、单掺杂N、共掺杂Mo-N以及共掺杂N-Mo-W这五种不同情况下TiO_2的能带结构、电子态密度与光学性质分析,通过对计算得出的数据分析有以下结论:单掺杂能改变TiO_2禁带宽度,但相对于共掺杂Mo-N和W-N以及N-Mo-W来说效果欠佳.其中,掺杂W时由于在导带底中出现新的杂质能级,并出现了导带下降幅度大于价带下降幅度的情况,禁带宽度变窄,使得在单掺杂情况中效果明显.而共掺杂中N-Mo-W的价带出现清晰的杂质能级,并且由于该能级介于费米能级附近的关系使得价电子跃迁至导带更为容易,并且此时能级密度较大也是掺杂效果明显的一个重要原因.     

First-principles study on electronic,magnetic properties and optical absorption of vanadium doped rutile TiO2

The electronic, magnetic properties and optical absorption of vanadium (V) doped rutile TiO₂ have been studied by the generalized gradient approximation GGA and GGA+U (Hubbard coefficient) approach respectively. On the one hand, we consider the influence of vanadium with different doping concentration on the electronic structure. On the other hand, we study double V atoms doped TiO₂, mainly study four V-doped TiO₂ configurations, and find the magnetic ground states are ferromagnetic state. For the TiO₂@V-V1, TiO₂@V-V3 and TiO₂@V-V4 configurations without O ion as bridge between V-V atoms, there will have a metastable state of antiferromagnetic configurations, while, for the TiO₂@V-V2 configurations with an O ion as bridge between V-V atoms, due to the existence of superexchange between V-O-V, there will only exist the ground state of ferromagnetic state and there are no other metastable configurations. Furthermore, the optical properties of V-doped TiO₂ are calculated. The results show that the V-doped TiO₂ has strong infrared light absorption and visible light absorption.     

金红石型TiO2点缺陷性质的第一性原理研究

本文运用基于局域密度泛函和赝势的第一性原理方法研究了金红石相TiO2点缺陷的电子性质,结果表明氧空位缺陷使晶体的费米能量升高,在能隙中没有产生杂质能级.钛空位缺陷使晶体的费米能量降低,并在价带顶部产生了一个杂质能级,与价带顶能量相差约0.4 eV.本文还计算了金红石相TiO2在具有氧空位和钛空位点缺陷情况下的键长变化、态密度和电荷布居状况.     

Al-N共掺杂金红石相TiO_2的第一性原理研究

本文采用了基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波超软赝势法对金红石相TiO_2进行了计算,其中内容包括未掺杂与单掺杂Al、单掺杂N以及共掺杂Al-N这四种不同情况下TiO_2的能带结构与态密度和光吸收系数的研究.计算结果表明:单掺杂Al和N时,均不同程度地改变了其能带结构,光吸收能力均有提高但效果不佳.在共掺杂Al-N时,TiO_2晶格常数产生了改变,并出现了新的杂质能级.由于杂质能级存在于TiO_2禁带范围内,减小了电子跃迁至导带所需能量,从而提高了其光吸收能力,其效果相对于单掺杂来说更有明显提高.     

Sb系half-Heusler合金磁性及电子结构的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,计算了Sb系half-Heusler合金XYSb(X=Ni,Pd,Pt;Y=Mn,Cr)的晶体结构、磁性及电子结构.计算结果表明,在平衡晶格常数下,合金NiMnSb为半金属,其他为金属.合金的总磁矩主要由Y元素自旋磁距贡献,随着元素X原子序数减小,费米能级移向自旋向下能带导带底;压缩使费米能级上移,远离Sb原子p能带,PtMnSb,PdMnSb与NiCrSb在压应力下可实现金属—磁性半金属转变. 关键词： 第一性原理 磁性 电子结构 金属—磁性半金属转变     

N掺杂锐钛矿TiO2电子结构的第一性原理研究

为了研究N掺杂对锐钛矿型TiO2电子结构的影响,进而揭示N掺杂导致锐钛矿型TiO2的禁带宽度变小的机理,对N掺杂TiO2进行了基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理研究.通过对能带、态密度及电子分布密度图的分析,发现在N掺杂后,N原子与Ti原子在导带区,发生了强烈的相互关联作用,致使Ti原子3d轨道上的电子向N原子2p轨道发生移动,使得导带降低了,从而使得TiO2导带的禁带宽度变小.理论预测可以发生红移现象,与实验结果对比分析,理论与实验基本相符.     

First-principles study of the electronic structure and magnetism of SrFe0.5Ru0.5O2

We study the electronic structures and magnetism of SrFe_0.5Ru_0.5O₂ by first-principles calculations in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) with generalized gradient approximation plus on site repulsion (GGA+U). The DFT calculations were carried out with ten kinds of Fe-site doping form. Calculations show that the d-orbital electronic configurations of Fe²⁺ and Ru²⁺ ions are (d_z²)²(d_yzd_xz)²(d_xy)²(d_x²_−y²)¹ and (d_z²)²(d_yzd_xz)³(d_xy)¹(d_x²_−y²) , respectively, which are independent of the doping form. The degenerated (d_xzd_yz) orbitals of Ru²⁺ ions are occupied by three electrons, so it gives rise to the Jahn–Teller distortion. The calculated magnetic moments of Fe²⁺ and Ru²⁺ ions are 3.7 μ_B and 1.6 μ_B, respectively. The exchange parameters including nearest neighbor (NN) ions and next nearest neighbor (NNN) ions are calculated by using Heisenberg model and the magnetic frustration in the ordered structure is explained by the competition of the exchange parameters. We also study the external pressure effect on the compound. A pressure-induced orthorhombic to tetragonal structure transition accompanied by an insulator to half-metal transition and an antiferromagnetic (or spin glass) to ferromagnetic state transition is observed.     

Gd2Co2Al电子结构和磁性的第一性原理研究

从第一性原理出发,在局域自旋密度近似(LSDA)和LSDA+U(在位库仑能)近似下,采用FPLAPW密度泛函能带计算方法研究了Gd2Co2Al的电子结构和磁性.从平均场近似出发,估算了体系的居里温度,并分析了导致体系居里温度偏低的原因.研究结果显示Gd2Co2Al为金属导体,其强的铁磁性的提供者主要是Gd,且Co的局域铁磁性是不稳定的.基于LSDA近似的计算表明Gd2Co2Al呈现亚铁磁性,因为Co与Gd两者磁矩反平行排列.考虑在位库仑能修正的LSDA+U方法则发现一个适当的在位库仑能(U=3.0eV)使体系从亚铁磁态转变为铁磁态,此时Co原子磁矩基本为零与实验结果更为相符.在位库仑能的变化对Co原子磁矩以及磁性原子的能级分布影响较大,但对Gd的磁性基本无影响.由于体系5d-3d态杂化和在位库仑排斥作用竞争使得Co原子磁矩呈现出波动性的特性.     

First-principles study on the electronic structure and magnetism of layered oxyselenide La2Mn2Se2O3

The electronic structure and magnetism of layered oxyselenide La(2)Mn(2)Se(2)O(3) have been studied by using first-principles calculations within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and GGA + U methods. The G-type antiferromagnetic (AF) state is calculated to be the most stable phase among the various magnetic configurations of interest, irrespective of the choice of the functional used, which is in good agreement with the experiments. In contrast to La(2)Fe(2)Se(2)O(3) and La(2)Co(2)Se(2)O(3), in which the AF states show metallic behavior under the GGA method, we predict the ground state of La(2)Mn(2)Se(2)O(3) is a semiconductor with an indirect band gap of ～0.52 eV via the GGA calculations. This is closely related to a closed shell configuration and large exchange splitting (～3.5 eV) in the Mn 3d states. Moreover, the magnetic properties are also discussed in terms of the calculated Heisenberg spin exchange constants, suggesting that La(2)Mn(2)Se(2)O(3) is a strong two-dimensional magnetically frustrated system.     

First-principles investigation of the electronic structure and magnetism of eskolaite

The electronic structure and magnetism of eskolaite are studied by using first-principles calculations where the on-site Coulomb interaction and the exchange interaction are taken into account and the LSDA+U method is used. The calculated energies of magnetic configurations are very well fitted by the Heisenberg Hamiltonian with interactions in five neighbour shells; interaction with two nearest neighbours is found to be dominant. The Néel temperature is calculated in the spin-3/2 pair-cluster approximation. It is found that the measurements are in good agreement with the calculations of lattice parameters, density of states, band gap, local magnetic moment, and the Néel temperature for the values of U and J that are close to those obtained within the constrained occupation method. The band gap is of the Mott--Hubbard type.     

Ni13Pr3B2电子结构和磁性能第一性原理研

考虑电子自旋极化作用,本研究基于第一性原理的全电子投影缀加平面波赝势法理论,采用局域自旋密度近似LSDA,对Ni13Pr3B2金属间化合物进行结构优化,计算体系晶格常数,电子结构和磁性能。结果表明,Ni13 Pr 3B2为带隙很小的金属导体。LSDA近似下体系原子间存在复杂作用类型,Pr原子与近邻Ni、B原子以离子键作用为主,Ni原子与近邻Ni原子间表现共价作用情形。体系存在Pr -Ni铁磁耦合,总磁矩约2.80212μB,主要由Pr原子磁矩提供,自旋极化引起体系Pr-4f、Ni-3p、Pr-5p电子自旋劈裂为体系表现磁性的根本原因。     

Gd2Co2Al电子结构和磁性的第一性原理研究

从第一性原理出发，在局域自旋密度近似(LSDA)和LSDA+U(在位库仑能)近似下，采用FPLAPW密度泛函能带计算方法研究了Gd₂Co₂Al的电子结构和磁性. 从平均场近似出发，估算了体系的居里温度，并分析了导致体系居里温度偏低的原因.研究结果显示Gd₂Co₂Al为金属导体，其强的铁磁性的提供者主要是Gd，且Co的局域铁磁性是不稳定的. 基于LSDA近似的计算表明Gd₂Co₂关键词： 稀土过渡族金属间化合物 密度泛函理论 电子结构 磁性性质     

First-principles study of the electronic and optical properties of rutile TiO2

The electronic, structural properties and optical properties of the rutile TiO₂ have been reported using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method as implemented in the WIEN2K code. We employed the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), which is based on exchange-correlation energy optimization to calculate the total energy. Also we have used the Engel-Vosko GGA formalism, which optimizes the corresponding potential for band structure calculations. Our results including lattice parameter, bulk modulus, density of states, the reflectivity spectra, the refractive index and band gap are compared with the experimental data. We present calculations of the frequency-dependent complex dielectric function ε(ω) and its zero-frequency limit ε₁(0).     

不同浓度下V掺杂Mg2Si的第一性原理研究

本文用基于密度泛函理论的超软赝势平面波方法,分别计算了四种V掺杂模型Mg_2-xV_xSi(x=0,0.25,0.5,0.75)的电子结构和光学性质,并对其能带图、态密度图和光学性质进行了分析.结果表明,V掺杂之后会使Mg₂Si由其原本的半导体性变为半金属性,在费米能级处出现了杂质能级,态密度图也显示V元素的3d轨道的贡献在费米能级附近占据主导地位,Mg₂Si的光学性质随着V元素的掺入也发生了改变.该文为Mg₂Si材料在电子器件和光学器件方面的应用提供了理论依据.     

Non-magnetic impurity induced magnetism in rutile TiO2:K compounds

Recent ab initio studies have theoretically predicted room temperature ferromagnetism in several oxide materials of the type AO(2) in which the cation A(4+) is substituted by a non-magnetic element of the 1 A column. Our purpose is to address experimentally the possibility of magnetism in Ti(1-x)K(x)O(2) compounds. The samples have been synthesized via the solid state route method at equilibrium. Our study has shown that Ti(1-x)K(x)O(2) is thermodynamically unstable and leads to a phase separation, in contradiction with the hypothesis of ab initio calculations. In particular, the crystalline TiO(2) grains appear to be surrounded by K-based phase. The oxidization state of the Ti ion is found to be in Ti(4+) as confirmed from the x-ray photoelectron spectra measurement. Nevertheless, K:TiO(2) compounds exhibit weak paramagnetism with the highest magnetic moment of ~0.5 μ(B) K(-1) but no long-range ferromagnetic order. The observed moment in these compounds remains much smaller than the predicted moment of 3 μ(B) by ab initio calculation. The apparent contradictions between our experiments and first-principles studies are discussed.     

Ni4NdB电子结构和磁性能第一性原理研究

采用第一性原理,在局域自旋密度近似LSDA及LSDA+U近似,对Ni₄NdB化合物进行结构优化,计算体系晶格常数,电子结构和磁性能.结果表明,Ni₄NdB为带隙很小的金属导体,存在Nd-Ni铁磁耦合,体系总磁矩由Nd原子局域磁矩提供.体系原子成键较为复杂,Nd原子与近邻Ni原子成金属键,Nd原子与近邻B原子成较强离子键,Ni原子与近邻Ni原子间存在间接交换相互作用.在U作用下,体系磁矩与Nd原子磁矩变化一致,Ni原子磁矩在2.75 eV呈现磁有序-磁有序崩溃转变 关键词： 密度泛函理论 电子结构 磁性能 稀土过渡金属间化合物     

Fe-N共掺杂锐钛矿相TiO2电子性质与光学性质的第一性原理研究

近年来,Fe和N掺杂锐钛矿相TiO2半导体在实验中发现许多优异性能,本文采用基于密度泛函理论的平面波超软赝势方法研究了纯锐钛矿相TiO2、Fe和N单掺杂及Fe和N共掺杂TiO2的能带结构、电荷布居、态密度和光学性质.分析发现:Fe掺杂引起杂质能带位于禁带中央,杂质能带最高点与导带相距大约0.6 eV而最低点与价带相距大约0.2 eV;N掺杂引起的杂质能带位于价带顶部附近. Fe和N共掺杂后杂质能带由两部分组成,位于价带顶上方0.62 eV和导带底下方0.22 eV处,其中一层杂质能带主要由N原子的2p轨道和Fe原子的3d轨道杂化形成,而另一条杂质能带主要由Fe原子的3d轨道形成,由于杂质能级的出现,使锐钛矿TiO2的禁带宽度变小.对光学性质分析发现:Fe和N共掺杂会使锐钛矿TiO2光学吸收带边红移,可见光区的光吸收系数明显增大,在低能区出现了新的吸收峰,对应能量为1.82 eV,与实验结果相符.     

第一性原理计算C掺杂金红石型TiO2的磁性和光学性质

本文运用第一性原理GGA+U方法计算了C元素单/双掺杂金红石型TiO2的电子结构、磁性和光学性质. 结果表明, C掺杂体系的晶格发生畸变和体积相应增大。单掺杂体系的磁矩为1.3 μB, 磁矩主要归因于杂质态引起的自旋电荷密度不平衡, 杂质态主要由C-2p、O-2p 和Ti-3d的态电子构成, 且它们之间存在明显的杂化现象. 双掺杂体系中C原子之间的反铁磁性耦合比铁磁性耦合更加稳定, 但其磁矩为零. 另外, 随着掺杂浓度的增大, 掺杂体系的带隙由2.58 eV增大到3.4 eV, 且在可见光区域的光吸收效率明显增大. 这表明带隙的减小可能不是光谱吸收增强的主要因素, 而带隙中的杂质态极大地影响了光谱吸收效率.     

第一性原理计算C掺杂金红石型TiO_2的磁性和光学性质

本文运用第一性原理GGA+U方法计算了C元素单/双掺杂金红石型TiO_2的电子结构、磁性和光学性质.结果表明,C掺杂体系的晶格发生畸变和体积相应增大.单掺杂体系的磁矩为1.3μB,磁矩主要归因于杂质态引起的自旋电荷密度不平衡,杂质态主要由C-2p、O-2p和Ti-3d的态电子构成,且它们之间存在明显的杂化现象.双掺杂体系中C原子之间的反铁磁性耦合比铁磁性耦合更加稳定,但其磁矩为零.另外,随着掺杂浓度的增大,掺杂体系的带隙由2.58 eV增大到3.4 eV,且在可见光区域的光吸收效率明显增大.这表明带隙的减小可能不是光谱吸收增强的主要因素,而带隙中的杂质态极大地影响了光谱吸收效率.