稳定同位素标记15N-N,N-二甲基苯胺的合成

以15NH4Cl为同位素标记前体,经与苯甲酰氯胺化、霍夫曼降解得到15N标记苯胺,15N标记苯胺再与对甲苯磺酸酯进行甲基化反应,合成得到一种重要的同位素标记基础试剂15N-N,N-二甲基苯胺.以消耗的15NH4Cl计,三步反应总收率大于58.3%.产品结构经红外(IR)、核磁(NMR)、高效液相(HPLC)、质谱(MS)等表征进行确定,其化学纯度大于99.0%,同位素丰度大于98.4%15N.     

Pr?zisions-Isotopenmessungen von 7Li/6Li

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

立方Nd2O3上过氧物种光诱导生成的18O同位素示踪考察

采用原位显微Raman光谱和¹⁸O同位素示踪技术,以325 nm激光为激发光源,对立方Nd₂O₃上过氧物种的光诱导生成过程进行了详细表征,进一步证实过氧源于分子氧对晶格氧的氧化反应. 结果还表明,325 nm激光在室温下即可诱导过氧的生成,在实验条件下,生成的过氧物种可与Nd₂O₃的晶格氧发生快速的氧交换反应,位于Nd₂O₃体相的晶格氧也可迁移至样品表层进而参与过氧的生成. 325 nm激光照射有助于促进晶格氧的迁移以及晶格氧与分子氧之间的氧交换反应.     

12,52-二羟基-15,55-二甲基-14,16,34,36,54,56,74,76-八硝基-2,4,6,8-四氧桥连-1,3,5,7（1,3）-杯[4]芳烃的合成

以1,5-二氟-2,4-二硝基苯和3,4,5-三甲氧基甲苯为起始原料,经环化、甲基化、硝化和去甲基化反应，合成了一种新型杯芳烃衍生物，其结构经¹H NMR，¹³C NMR，¹⁵N NMR和元素分析表征。      

元素分析-稳定同位素质谱同时测定δ13C/δ15N在原料乳粉检验中的应用

建立了元素分析-稳定同位素质谱(EA-IRMS)同时测定原料奶粉中δ13 C/δ15 N的检测方法。该方法稳定性(标准偏差):参考气体δ13 C<0.02‰/δ15 N<0.04‰、实际样品δ13C<0.18‰/δ15 N<0.06‰;线性(斜率):参考气体δ13 C<0.04/δ15 N<0.01,实际样品δ13C<0.04/δ15 N<0.01,长期稳定性能满足以上指标。对来源各异的原料乳粉(含半成品原料、牛初乳粉)持续性的检测结果表明,多种原料乳粉均有各自稳定且差异性显著的δ13 C区间:新西兰(-26‰～-29‰)、澳大利亚(-26‰～-27‰)、美国(-16‰)、丹麦(-22‰～-24‰)、内蒙古(-25‰)、新疆/宁夏(-17‰～-22‰)。同时在半成品原料乳粉中,δ13C值在1段到3段呈现规律性变大的趋势,而δ15 N无明显变化,多集中在6‰～8‰这一区间。对部分原料乳粉中可能非法加入的,用以提高乳粉中氮含量的外源物质进行测定发现,常见化工类高氮化合物如尿素、三聚氰胺δ15 N为负值,与原料奶粉及其他蛋白类高氮物有显著差异。将三聚氰胺作为添加物,按提高蛋白含量10%的比例加入某一原料乳粉中,经过此方法检测,发现其δ15 N从6.344‰降至5.660‰。EA-IRMS技术具有较好的稳定性和重现性,降低了操作难度和成本,可以应用到企业中作为监控原料乳粉来源和质量品质稳定性的方法。     

F2 Σ+ -X 2Σ +Band System of Cobalt Carbide

The laser-induced fluorescence excitation spectrum of CoC was recorded in the spectral region from 13500 cm-1 to 22000 cm-1, in which the CoC molecules were produced by the reaction of sputtered cobalt atoms with methanol under supersonic jet cooled conditions. Much of the visible spectrum was assigned to transitions between the X2∑+ ground state and F2∑+ state. The 11 bands assigned as (v’=3-13, 0) transitions of the F2∑+- X2∑+ band system were observed and rotationally analyzed. Equilibrium constants for the F2∑+ state were Te=1362 cm-1, ωe=669 cm-1 ,ωe?e=4.3 cm-1, Be=0.546 cm-1, and Re=1.758A. Some new bands were observed.     

石墨探针进样-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定强铀干扰下超微量240Pu/239Pu同位素比

采用自制的石墨探针直接进样装置(DSI)与电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)联用进行了强铀干扰下超微量钚同位素比的分析技术研究。实验结果表明,由于DSI分析中存在显著的铀钚的分馏效应,可以实现分析中铀、钚的在线分离,从而降低了238U强峰对239Pu和240Pu分析的干扰。当样品中238U与239Pu的原子数之比超过105量级时,用DSI-ICP-MS方法测得的钚的同位素比结果与参考值的相对偏差小于1%,明显优于常规的ICP-MS分析方法。本方法可用于铀材料中超微量钚同位素比的分析,以在一定程度上降低对化学分离的要求,从而减小化学分离的难度和工作量。     

Separation of Yb as YbSO4 from the 176Yb target for production of 177Lu via the 176Yb(n, γ)177Yb→177Lu process

An effective and simple process for the separation of ¹⁷⁷Lu from neutron-irradiated Yb targets was developed. Irradiated Yb target was dissolved in H₂SO₄ solution and after reduction with sodium amalgam Yb was precipitated in the form of YbSO₄. From 50 mg of Yb irradiated target only 1 mg Yb remains in solution after precipitation and separation of YbSO₄. The overall recovery of ¹⁷⁷Lu is estimated at 73%. Further efficient chromatographic separation of carrier-free ¹⁷⁷Lu from 1 mg of Yb is relatively easy and is described in several papers.     

催化剂Pd/TiO2-Al2O3低温下催化甲烷燃烧活性及18O同位素交换性能

Pd supported on TiO2-Al2O3 binary oxides prepared by coprecipitation method has been investigated for the total oxidation of methane. All Pd/TiO2-Al2O3 catalysts show higher activity than Pd/Al2O3 and Pd/TiO2. Among them, Pd/2Ti-3Al with a Ti/Al ratio of 2 to 3 has a T90% of 395 ℃ at a gas hourly mass velocity of 33000 mL/（h＊g）, which is at least 50 ℃ lower than that of Pd supported on single metal oxide Al2O3 or TiO2. The results of TPR and ^180-isotope exchange experiments demonstrated that the excellent activity of Pd/2Ti-3Al was due to its high oxygen mobility and moderate reducibility, which is in accordance with our previous work, XPS results indicated that the dispersion of Pd was not the key factor to influence the catalytic activity.     

情绪化学*

喜怒哀乐、积极消极、兴奋疲惫······种种情绪仿佛都源于我们所遇到的人事物,但从生命物质作用关系的角度去看待,其实是身体因为外部诱因和氛围应激产生的一系列化学物质与化学转化带来的表达。在外部事件的触发下,激素和神经递质(化学信使)这些化合物引起我们感受到某种情绪;不同情绪的产生,又会进一步反馈激发身体内相应物质的分泌。本文阐述了各种情绪和与之相关的化学分子之间的对应关系、转化关系和溯源关系。     

Activation cross sections and isomeric cross section ratios for 184Os(n,2n)183m,gOs, 190Os(n,p)190m,gRe and 86Sr(n,2n)85m,gSr reactions from 13.5 to 14.8 MeV

The cross sections for the ¹⁸⁴Os(n,2n)^183m,gOs, ¹⁹⁰Os(n,p)^190m,gRe and ⁸⁶Sr(n,2n)^85m,gSr reactions and their isomeric cross section ratios σ _m /σ _g have been measured in the neutron energy range of 13.5–14.8 MeV using the activation technique. Nuclear model calculations using the code HFTT, which employs the Hauser-Feshbach (statistical model) and exciton model (precompound effects) formalisms, were undertaken to describe the formation of the products. The total cross sections for ¹⁸⁴Os(n,2n)¹⁸³Os, ¹⁹⁰Os(n,p)¹⁹⁰Re and ⁸⁶Sr(n,2n)⁸⁵Sr reactions are compared with the experimental data found in the literature, with results of published empirical formulae, with values of model calculations including the pre-equilibrium contribution, and with the evaluation data of JEFF-3.1/A or ENDF/B-VII.     

Measurement of the radioactivity of 238U, 226Ra, 210Pb, 228Th, 232Th, 228Ra, 137Cs and 40K in tea using gamma-spectrometry

The aim of the present work was to determine the concentration of radionuclides in all kinds of tea available at the local Egyptian market. Radioactivity of the nuclides ²³⁸U, ²²⁶Ra, ²¹⁰Pb, ²²⁸Th, ²³²Th, ²²⁶Ra, ¹³⁷Cs and ⁴⁰K were measured in tea by direct γ-ray spectrometry using HPGe detector and their mean values were 16.0±5.3, 3.1±0.7, 34.3±3.4, 3.4±1.2, 3.0±0.6, 3.1±0.8, 0.9±0.2 and 623±25 Bq·kg⁻¹, respectively.     

1H,2H,19F and 31P NMR and ESR investigations of aryl-t-butyl nitroxides

Aspects of translocation of spin to fluorine and phosphorus are discussed. (2p–3d)_π overlap in phosphorus is insignificant. Spin polarization and (2p–3p)_π overlap are opposing spin transfer mechanisms for phosphorus. The³¹P NMR spectrum of the nitroxide from 7a shows some features which are not fully understood. Some gain in resolution of the NMR spectra can be achieved by deuteration, but it is considerably lower than predicted.     

Die Bestimmung von 175Hf, 172Hf, 172Lu und 169Yb

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

35Cl, 81Br and 127I NQR spectra of cyclopentadienyltitanium halides

NQR spectra of ³⁵Cl, ⁸¹Br and ¹²⁷I in cyclopentadienyltitanium halides Cp_nTiHal_4-n have been studied. Quadrupole coupling constants of the halogen atoms regularly increase with the increasing number of Cp rings in the molecule, which is apparently connected with the decreasing multiplicity of the TiHal bond. A sharp increase in the asymmetry parameters of the iodine atom on introduction of the Cp rings is evidence for an essential desymmetrization of the electron density in the molecule caused by this operation.     

CAS SCF Cl calculations for the 3Σ−g, 1Σ+g, 3Σ+u, and 5Δu states of Sc2

CAS SCF CI (SD) calculations have been carried out for the ³Σ^?_g, ¹Σ⁺_g, ³Σ⁺_u, and ⁵Δ_u states of Sc₂ using large gaussian basis sets. The ³Σ^?_g, ¹Σ⁺_g, and ³Σ⁺_u states arise from the ²D(4s² 3d¹) + ²D(4s² 3d¹) limit of Sc₂ and are found to be only weakly bound (D_c ≈ 0.06 eV and R_c ≈ 8.0a₀). The ⁵Δ_u state arises from the ²D(4s² 3d¹) + ⁴F(4s¹ 3d¹ 4p¹) atomic limit. This state is found to be strongly bound relative to its limits (D_c ≈ 0.8 eV and R_c ≈ 7.0a₀).     

A simple synthesis of Δ2-oxazolines, Δ2-oxazines, Δ2-thiazolines and Δ2-imidazolines

Carboxylic acids react with amino alcohols, amino mercaptans or diamines in the presence of triphenylphosphine, CCl₄ and tert. bases to afford in 50–75% yield the corresponding Δ²-oxazolines, Δ²-oxazines, Δ²-thiazolines and Δ²-imidazolines.     

29Si and 13C NMR spectra of permethylpolysilanes

²⁹Si, ¹³C and ¹H NMR spectra are reported for the series of linear permethylpolysilanes Me(SiMe₂)_nMe where n = 1 to 6, for the cyclic permethylpolysilanes (Me₂Si)_n where n = 5 to 8, and for a few related compounds. For linear polysilanes the ²⁹Si and ¹³C chemical shifts can be accurately calculated from simple additivity relationships based on the number of silicon atoms in α, β, γ and δ positions. Adjacent (α) silicon atoms lead to upfield shifts in the ²⁹Si and ¹³C resonances, whereas more remote silicon atoms lead to downfield shifts. The ²⁹Si chemical shifts of the polysilane chains are linearly related to the ¹³C shifts of the carbon atoms attached to the silicon. The ²⁹Si and ¹³C resonances of the cyclic silanes deviate from this relationship. Ring current effects arising from σ delocalization are suggested as an explanation for the deviations. Proton-coupled ²⁹Si NMR spectra are reported for Me₃SiSiMe₃ and for (Me₂Si)_n, n = 5 to 7.     

Rotational analysis of the 201 and 211 bands in the Ã2Σ+-X̃ 2Π spectrum of N2O+

Analysis of new emission spectra of òΣ⁺-X? ²Π in N₂O⁺, including the forbidden components with Δν₂ = 1, have made it possible to locate all four vibronic components of the ν″₂ = 1 manifold. Principal rotational constants and spinvibronic terms are given. A previous estimate of the Renner parameter is revised to a value of ?0.179 ± 0.002.