椭球颗粒搅拌运动及混合特性的数值模拟研究

为探讨在强制搅拌下同属性颗粒由分层到分布均匀状态的运动特征及规律, 本研究利用三维离散单元法模拟不同转速下U形罐体内等粒径椭球颗粒的混合过程. 从单颗粒随机运动轨迹、宏观颗粒流运动矢量图的角度分析颗粒混合过程的宏观混合规律及局部混合特征, 定量描述混合度与搅拌叶片旋转圈数的数学关系. 结果表明, 强制搅拌下同属性分层颗粒的混合是在对流混合及四个局部混合共同作用下实现的; 分层颗粒的混合度与搅拌轴的转速无关, 而与搅拌轴旋转圈数直接相关; 混合度与圈数的关系符合指数增长模型. 研究结果可为散体物料增混行业的设备改进及操作控制提供依据和参考.     

连续波氟化氘/氟化氢化学激光器TRIP技术混合机理

采用CLNST引入的扰流气注入技术对连续波氟化氘/氟化氢化学激光器进行数值模拟研究。模拟其3维流场有化学反应,但不考虑激射的情况。计算结果显示:加入扰流气后,平行注入的主副气流混合增强明显,气流混合速度明显加快,在喷管出口平面5 mm处即扩散至副喷管中心线位置,且小信号增益系数值明显增强。分析了流场结构得出:扰流气增强气流混合的主要方式在于使反应界面拉伸和扭曲,同时观察到有弱漩涡产生,但沿气流方向较快耗散掉,对流场影响较小。     

Statistics of the turbulent/non-turbulent interface in a spatially developing mixing layer

The thin interface separating the inner turbulent region from the outer irrotational fluid is analysed in a direct numerical simulation of a spatially developing turbulent mixing layer. A vorticity threshold is defined to detect the interface separating the turbulent from the non-turbulent regions of the flow, and to calculate statistics conditioned on the distance from this interface. The conditional statistics for velocity are in remarkable agreement with the results for other free shear flows available in the literature, such as turbulent jets and wakes. In addition, an analysis of the passive scalar field in the vicinity of the interface is presented. It is shown that the scalar has a jump at the interface, even stronger than that observed for velocity. The strong jump for the scalar has been observed before in the case of high Schmidt number (Sc). In the present study, such a strong jump is observed for a scalar with Sc ≈ 1. Conditional statistics of kinetic energy and scalar dissipation are presented. While the kinetic energy dissipation has its maximum far from the interface, the scalar dissipation is characterised by a strong peak very close to the interface. Finally, it is shown that the geometric features of the interfaces correlate with relatively large scale structures as visualised by low-pressure isosurfaces.     

Experimental and numerical study on instability structure of the supersonic mixing layer (Mc = 0.5)

The parameters of instability wave of supersonic mixing layer(Mc=0.5,M1=3.5/M2=1.4) are measured by flow visualization and calculated by means of two-dimensional direct numerical simulaitons of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations.In both cases of the mixing layer with harmonic disturbance or not,the comparative results indicate that the wavelength of the two-dimensional wave is equal to the vortex spacing in the streamwise direction because the difference between them is less than 1%.However,the measur...     

Numerical simulations and experimental investigations on transverse effects of two-wave mixing in a photovoltaic photorefractive crystal

The transverse effects of two Gauss waves mixing in a photovoltaic photorefractive crystal,i.e.,the dynamical evolutions of signal beam with different parameters,are traced numerically and experimentally.Both the one-dimensional numerical simulations and two-dimensional experimental investigations show that the self-focusing effect of signal beam becomes more obvious as the intensity of pump beam and the angle between the signal and pump beams increase.In accordance with these results,the state of two Gauss...     

COIL亚声速段横向喷流混合流场数值分析

COIL是一个气体动力学、化学反应动力学以及光学相互耦合的复杂过程。作为高总压COIL系统研究的第一步,利用三维CFD技术对传统的COIL亚声速段横向射流混合过程进行了数值分析,讨论了包括压力梯度驱动项的分子扩散机制,得到了横向射流的较精细的结构,如马蹄形射流界面、逆旋涡对以及射流剪切层。结果表明,压力梯度驱动项对重、轻组分的扩散作用相反,重组分沿压力梯度正向扩散,轻组分逆压力梯度方向扩散。在射流穿透不足的情况下,仍然在喷管出口得到了约为0.01 cm-1的小信号增益系数。     

Aggregation on heterogeneous surface

Chessboard-like substrates are introduced in this paper, in order to study the diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA)and the motion of poly-atoms on heterogeneous surfaces. The effect of morphology of such substrates upon the cluster aggregation is investigated using the Monte Carlo simulation. It is found that the growth process and the cluster morphology are governed by the energetic topography of the substrates. Our simulation also indicate that the island density and the fractal dimension of the clusters depend strongly on the substrate topography and the activation energy.     

Fe：KTN晶体的二波耦合特性研究

首次报道四方相FeiKTN晶体的二波耦合性质.测得晶体的二波耦合增益系数和衍射效率分别为7.3cm~(-1)和42％,响应时间为2.8sec.文中还分析了主要载流子的符号并计算了其它参数.     

The pressure of a hard sphere fluid on a curved surface

Utilizing the integral equation approach to the hard sphere fluid system developed in the preceding paper, the hard sphere-hard wall interaction is studied. For the case of a flat wall, perturbation solutions of the integral equation valid to second and third order in the packing fraction,y, are derived. For a surface of arbitrary curvature, an equation of state valid to second order in the packing fraction is also derived. When applied to very small cavities, it is found that the pressure at high densities is significantly higher than it would be for a flat wall.     

混合层流场中涡结构对流速度的特性

基于大涡模拟和光线追踪方法, 对光线穿越流场后的光程分布与混合层流场中涡结构之间的关系进行了分析, 提出了一种基于涡核位置提取的涡结构瞬时对流速度定量计算方法, 并使用直接几何测量数据进行了验证. 通过对不同尺寸的涡结构、涡-涡配对及融合过程中的涡结构和强压缩性流场中涡结构瞬时对流速度的定量数值计算, 揭示了混合层流场中涡结构对流速度的特性: 对单个涡结构而言, 其瞬时对流速度具有脉动特性, 且脉动幅度随涡结构尺寸和流场压缩性而变化; 在涡-涡配对及融合过程中, 涡对中各个涡结构的瞬时对流速度都表现出类似正弦波动的特点. 针对混合层流场中涡结构对流速度的特性, 给出了其背后的物理原因.     

加装旋转叶片T型通道内流动混合的数值模拟

本文采用大涡模拟方法对加装旋转叶片的T型通道内冷热流体流动混合过程进行了数值模拟研究.在主管支管管径比为2:1的条件下,探究旋转叶片对T型通道内冷热流体混合的影响机理.通过对比分析有无叶片的T型通道内温度场,发现加装旋转叶片能够加快通道底部和对称面两侧流体的温度混合从而缩短通道内的混合长度,同时能够减小y轴方向的平均温...     

Zn∶Fe∶LiNbO_3晶体二波耦合和相位共轭效应的研究

采用二波耦合和四波混频实验,研究了Zn:Fe:LN(Fe:0.03wt.%,Zn:5.0mol)晶体的光折变二波耦合衍射效率和长时间照射下透射光强随时间的动态变化行为,以及其相位共轭效应,分别测试了其二波耦合衍射效率和其相位共轭反射率,结果表明该晶体的衍射率可达到56%,且其衍射效率随着其信号光的减小先增大后减小,相位共轭反射率随信号光的增大呈减小的趋势,最高共轭反射率可达到650%。     

脉冲激励下超音速混合层涡结构的演化机理

采用大涡模拟方法对脉冲激励作用下的超音速混合层流场进行数值模拟,所得结果清晰展示了流场中涡结构的独特生长机理.基于涡核位置提取方法,对超音速混合层流场中涡结构的空间尺寸和瞬时对流速度等动态特性进行了定量计算.通过分析流场中涡结构的动态特性在不同频率脉冲激励下的变化,揭示出受脉冲激励超音速混合层流场中涡结构的演化机理:涡结构的生长不再是依靠相邻涡-涡结构之间的配对与融合,而是通过涡核外围的一串小涡旋结构被依次吸进涡核来实现,且受激励流场中各个涡结构的空间尺寸变化较小;流场中的涡结构数量与脉冲频率成正比例关系,而涡结构的空间尺寸与脉冲频率成反比例关系;涡结构的平均对流速度随脉冲频率的增大而减小.针对受脉冲激励超音速混合层,给出了能够表征涡结构特性与脉冲激励参数之间关系的方程式,即受激励流场中涡结构的平均对流速度与脉冲周期的乘积近似等于流场中涡结构的空间尺寸(涡结构平均直径).     

Numerical simulation of four-wave mixing efficiency and its induced relative intensity noise

Four-wave mixing,as well as its induced intensity noise,is harmful to wavelength division multiplexing systems.The efficiency and the relative intensity noise of four-wave mixing are numerically simulated for the two-wave and the three-wave fiber transmissions.It is found that the efficiency decreases with the increase of both the frequency spacing and the fiber length,which can be explained using the quasi-phase-matching condition.Furthermore,the relative intensity noise decreases with the increase of frequency spacing,while it increases with the increase of fiber length,which is due to the considerable power loss of the pump light.This investigation presents a good reference for the practical application of wavelength division multiplexing systems.     

惯性约束聚变靶丸内杂质气体抽空流洗过程的数值模拟

低温冷冻靶是实现惯性约束聚变(inertial confinement fusion,ICF)的关键部件之一.低温靶靶丸内杂质气体的去除程度和效率对低温靶燃料冰层的在线制备具有重要意义.依据低温靶物理对冰层杂质含量的设计要求,在计算靶丸内杂质气体最大允许分压的基础上,建立了靶丸内气体在微米级充气管内流动的抽空流洗模型.模拟研究了不同微管尺度及结构、温度对靶丸内杂质气体抽空流洗效率的影响规律,获得了靶丸充气微管的最佳管型设计方案.基于最佳管型设计,优化得到了具有最高抽空流洗效率的抽空时间与流洗次数组合策略.     

半导体光放大器中垂直双抽运四波混频效应的理论研究

建立了输入信号光偏振方向任意情况下的半导体光放大器(SOA)中 垂直双抽运四波混频(FWM)效应的完整宽带理论模型. 以基于SOA的垂直双抽运FWM型全光波长转换器为例, 通过数值模拟的方法, 理论研究了输入信号光与两抽运光功率、两抽运光与信号光之间的波长失 谐量和输入信号光偏振方向等工作参数对SOA的垂直双抽 运FWM效应及基于SOA的垂直双抽运FWM型波长转换器特性的影响.     

高超声速飞行器前缘流固耦合计算方法研究

对高超声速流场和结构温度场进行了耦合计算分析, 同时基于准静态假设对结构应力进行了分析. 流场部分采用基于非定常Navier-Stokes (N-S)方程的有限体积法, 湍流模型采用SST k-ω 模型, 固体部分采用基于非稳态热传导方程的有限元法, 同时基于准静态假设对固体结构的应力应变进行了分析. 在流固交界面处, 高速流体从固体结构得到温度边界条件, 固体结构从高速流体得到热流边界条件, 从而实现了流场和固体温度场的紧耦合计算.通过与超声速无限长圆管绕流试验结果进行对比, 验证了该方法的可靠性. 同时对二维圆管结构在气动加热过程中的温度、应力等的变化进行了比较详细的分析. 研究结果表明: 随着气动加热时间的推进, 由于圆管结构的高温区在不断扩大, 导致了结构的热变形在不断地增大; 圆管最小变形区出现在θ为60°处; 同时研究发现在计算时间内圆管热变形对外部流场的影响可以忽略不计.     

Multi-wave mixing Autler-Townes splitting in the five-level atomic system

We have demonstrated the Autler-Townes (AT) splitting of the four-wave mixing (FWM) process and the six-wave mixing (SWM) process in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window in five-level atomic vapor of 87 Rb. Moreover we discuss interactions of multi-dressed states. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical analysis.     

五能级原子开放系统中的多波混频共存特性

研究了受强缀饰场作用的五能级原子系统所产生的多波混频共存特性.研究发现,通过调节激光束方向,沿同一方向出射的八波混频、双缀饰四波混频和单缀饰六波混频信号因共用能级的原子相干产生而出现竞争现象,通过控制缀饰场减弱四波混频和六波混频信号强度,可以达到增强八波混频信号的目的.还对级联和并联两种不同缀饰方式下双缀饰四波混频过程的差别进行了详细分析. 关键词： 双缀饰四波混频 单缀饰六波混频 八波混频 抑制增强