极谱法和原子吸收光谱法快速分析矿石中的锑

建立了用极谱法和原子吸收光谱法测定矿石中含锑量为0.00X%~XX%的锑的快速分析方法,使锑在H2SO4(2%)-HCl(10%)体系中,既可以用极谱法测定,也可用原子吸收光谱法测定,两种方法测锑的定量线性范围均为:0~30μg/mL;检出限(3 N/S):极谱法为0.01μg/mL,原子吸收法为0.1μg/mL。方法加标回收率在98%~110%;相对标准偏差RSD(n=6)在1.5%~5.0%。方法快速简便,高效准确,已用于锑矿的采、选、冶生产过程控制分析,效果良好。     

示波极谱法快速同时测定矿石中铅镉锌

极谱法测定铅、镉、锌的报道颇多,不少已成功地得到了运用,例如盐酸底液法、氯化钙底液法、盐酸-柠檬酸氢铵法等测铅,盐酸-乙酸钠底液法、氨性底液法测锌,乙酸-乙酸钠底液法铅、锌连测,氨性底液法测镉等.通过试验发现在乙酸-吡啶-Br~- 组成的体系中,用Br~- -吡啶掩蔽铜,于-0.43V、-0.61V、-1.10V处测量铅、镉、锌峰高,在0～10mg/50ml范围内波高与浓度呈线性关系.方法简单、快速、准确度和精密度令人满意,用于矿石中铅、镉、锌同时测定,效果好.     

示波极谱法直接快速测定痕量锑的研究

在0.06 mol.L-1硫酸溶液中,Sb(Ⅲ)与焦性没食子酸络合物产生一个灵敏的导数极谱波,峰电位为-0.4 V(vs.SCE),有微量Se(Ⅳ)存在下,灵敏度大为提高,锑浓度在0.03~1.2 mg.L-1范围内峰高与浓度呈线性关系,应用于锌电解液中痕量锑的测定。检出限为0.004 mg.L-1,RSD为1.8%~2.2%,回收率为95.0%~105.0%。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定钨矿石、钼矿石中锑

采用HNO3-HF-H2SO4分解钨矿石,钼矿石,柠檬酸-KI溶液掩蔽干扰,加入硫脲-抗坏血酸溶液还原后,应用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测量溶液中Sb含量。通过优化仪器测定条件和酸度,配合柠檬酸和KI的使用有效地避免了干扰。方法检出限为4 ng/g,RSD为3.9%~8.3%,回收率为90%~106%。经8家实验室对钨钼矿石标准物质样品精密度、准确度验证,精密度满足要求,且方法偏倚不显著。方法可用于钨矿石、钼矿石中Sb的测定。     

平台石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定镍基合金中铅和锑

平台石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定镍基合金中铅和锑谢文兵，姚金玉，胡庆兰（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春１３００２２）关键词石墨炉原子吸收，镍合金，铅，锑，基体改进剂石墨炉原子吸收法是测定痕量元素最有效的方法之一。但是铅和锑都是易挥发元素，为了增强灰化过...     

碱熔样电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑矿石中锑

建立了碱熔样电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑矿中总锑的方法。探讨了熔样时间、熔样温度、溶解液酸度及组成对测定结果的影响。以过氧化钠作为熔剂,于650℃熔样15 min,加入1.0 g/L酒石酸调节样品溶液的酸度以防止水解,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑的含量,方法线性范围为0.00~50.0 mg/L,检出限为50.0μg/g,8个样品独立测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于5%(n=11),标准样品测定结果与标准值基本吻合。该方法适用于锑矿中总锑的含量测定。     

原子荧光光谱法快速测定锑矿石中的汞、铋、硒

用王水直接水浴分解样品,硝酸、高氯酸湿法消解,酒石酸掩蔽锑,应用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)不经分离直接测定锑矿石中微量杂质元素汞、铋、硒的含量。汞、铋、硒的标准系列浓度分别在0.000 0~0.006 0、0.000~0.060、0.000~0.010 mg/L范围内与荧光强度具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数分别为1.000 0、0.999 9、0.999 8,其加标回收率分别为95%~102%、99%~102%、99%~105%。相对标准偏差分别为0.82%~1.1%、1.1%~6.4%、1.6%~2.1%(n=8)。该方法对汞、铋、硒的检出限分别为2.0×10-11、4.1×10-11、4.0×10-10g/mL。     

火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定钨矿石中铋

1　主要仪器和试剂WFD- Y 型原子吸收分光光度计 ;铋空心阴极灯。仪器工作条件 :波长 30 6 .8nm,空气 -乙炔流量 2 .2 L/ min～ 6 .5L/ min,灯电流 1 2 m A,狭缝0 .2 mm,燃烧器高度 8.5mm。铋标准液体积分数为 5% ,硝酸溶液 ,质量浓度为 50 0 μg/ m L,使用时用体积分数 5%的盐酸稀释至所需浓度。2　分析步骤称取 0 .5g试样于 1 0 0 m L烧杯中 ,加 1 0 m L浓盐酸 ,低温加热分解片刻 ,再加 3m L浓硝酸 ,继续分解完全 ,蒸发至残余量 1 m L左右 ,取下冷却。加 2 .5m L 浓盐酸 ,用水转移至 50 m L比色管中 ,并稀释至刻度 ,摇匀。待溶液澄…     

金矿石中高含量锑的断续流动氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法快速测定

采用王水(1+1)水浴分解样品,氢化物发生一原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定金矿石中高含量的锑.其方法回收率在95.0%～102.0%之间,相对标准偏差在1.0%～3.4%之间,方法检出限为3.0×10-10g/mL,经试验证实该方法可测范围宽、简便、快速、准确,实验室间对比分析结果吻合程度令人满意.     

原子吸收光谱法测定电解铜中微量锡和锑

建立了用偏振塞曼原子吸收光谱法测定电解铜中微量元素锡、锑含量的方法。本方法用硝酸溶解样品，所得试样用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定，工作曲线法定量。测定结果满意。     

Hollow fiber supported liquid membrane extraction coupled with thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry for the speciation of Sb(III) and Sb(V) in environmental and biological samples

A new method of hollow fiber supported liquid membrane extraction (HF-SLME) coupled with thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (TS-FF-AAS) for the speciation of Sb(III) and Sb(V) in environmental and biological samples has been developed. The method is based on the complex of Sb(III) with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC). The formed hydrophobic complex is subsequently extracted into the lumen of hollow fiber, whereas Sb(V) is remained in aqueous solutions. The extraction organic phase was injected into TS-FF-AAS for the determination of Sb(III). Total Sb concentration was determined after reduction of Sb(V) to Sb(III) in the presence of l-cysteine and the extraction procedure mentioned above. Sb(V) was calculated by subtracting of Sb(III) from the total Sb. DDTC was used as complexing reagent. 1-Octanol was immobilized in the pores of the polypropylene hollow fiber as liquid membrane and also used as the acceptor solution. Some parameters that influenced extraction and determination were evaluated in detail, such as concentration of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), type of organic solvent, pH of samples, stirring rates, extraction time, as well as interferences. Under optimized conditions, a detection limit of 0.8 ng mL⁻¹ and an enrichment factor of 160 were achieved. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 6.2% for Sb(III) (50 ng mL⁻¹, n = 5). The proposed method was successfully applied to the speciation of Sb(III) and Sb(V) in environmental and biological samples with satisfactory results.     

原子荧光光谱法测定化探样品中的砷和锑

对氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定化探样品中砷和锑元素的分析条件,尤其是浸提法及预还原顺序进行了考察。样品经王水和王水溶液(1+1)分别浸提后以不同顺序预还原,结果表明,王水的氧化性会降低硫脲–抗坏血酸的还原效果,预还原时降低王水浓度能提高测定结果的准确度。在优化的测定条件下,样品中砷、锑测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为0.6%,2.7%;回收率分别为95%～101%,91%～106%;检出限分别为0.020,0.026 ng/mL。改善样品处理方法后测定结果的的准确度得到提高。     

Electroanalytical Study of the Reduction of Sb(III) in Tartrate Medium

Abstract

A systematic study on the reduction of Sb(III) on a mercury electrode in aqueous solution of tartrate ion has been carried out. The nature of the electrode reactions has shown to be a function of the acidity of the solution. Results from polarographic, coulometric and voltammetric experiments allow us to outline a model of electrode reaction according to which different Sb-tartrate complex ions can be reduced. Sensitivity and detection limits for the polarographic determination of Sb(III) in tartrate medium are given using several polarographic waves obtained at different pH. In this way, the selection of the basic medium is vindicated.     

开叉毛细管HG-FAAS测定地质样品中的锑、铋

氢化物发生原子吸收法(HG-FAAS)广泛应用于冶金、地质、环境、医药和食品分析等领域中。研究表明,氢化物发生法的检出限、测定精度以及干扰等情况与原子化器和氢化物发生器的结构以及传输过程有关[1]。郭小伟等[2-4]研制了用于火焰原子吸收光谱分析的双毛细管喷雾器,并利用其测     

Chemometric investigation of systematic error in the analysis of biological materials by flame and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Systematic errors observed when using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and electrothermal atomic spectrometry (ETAAS) for the analysis of biological solid materials (seafood products) were evaluated. The effect of the sample pre-treatment method (microwave-assisted acid digestion, ultrasound-assisted acid leaching and slurry sampling) as well as the number of times that a certain pre-treatment process is repeated, were two factors evaluated. They give information about the effect of the sample pre-treatment on the uncertainty in the analysis. In addition, the number of measurements (i.e., number of times that an acid digest, an acid leachate or aqueous slurry are analysed) and the calibration technique used (aqueous calibration method or standard addition technique) were other two variables taken into account. This last factor gives information about the effect of the calibration on the results, while the replicate measurements showed the repeatability. A fifth variable named as sample matrix tests the influence of the matrix sample on the systematic error through the use of different reference materials. This variable allows the study of the effect of the trace element concentrations on the uncertainty because the trace elements contents are different in each reference material. Experimental design and principal component analysis approaches were used as chemometric tools. It has been found that the use of the slurry sampling technique in ETAAS and FAAS and the determination of high element concentrations by ETAAS have led to poor precision.     

Determination of total arsenic by batch hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry in injectable drugs containing high levels of Sb(V) as N-methylglucamine antimonate

A procedure for the determination of arsenic by batch hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HG AAS) in commercial samples of injectable drugs, containing high concentrations of Sb(V), is described. The procedure is based on the complexing effect for Sb of citric, oxalic and acetic acids as reaction media. Aqua regia was used for sample digestion prior to As determination by HG AAS. The following experimental conditions for the determination of total As, as As(V), were evaluated: the acid medium and its concentration, sodium tetrahydroborate concentration, purge time, and influence of the different oxidation states of As. The effect of the delay time after mixing of sample and acid solution was also studied. Optimized conditions were: 10% (m/v) citric acid, 1.5% (m/v) sodium tetrahydroborate solution and 30 s for purge time. A delay time of 1 h was required after the digested sample had been mixed with citric acid, before As determination could be carried out. No interference on As(III) and As(V) signals was observed in the presence of up to 1 mg Sb(V). The tolerance limits for Ni(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) were 1 mg, 100 μg and 100 μg, respectively. Recovery tests for As(III) and As(V) resulted in values between 97 and 101%. Characteristic mass and detection limit (3σ), using the recommended conditions, were 0.52 and 0.8 ng, respectively, for total As.     

用原子吸收光谱对痕量铬作价态分析

本文详细研究了鱼腥藻对Ｃｒ＾３＋和Ｃｒ＾６＋离子的选择吸附条件，发现Ｃｒ＾３＋的最佳吸附ＰＨ值为４－５；Ｃｒ＾６＋的最佳ＰＨ为７左右，一定量柠檬酸能抑制Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｐｂ＾２＋及Ｃｄ＾２＋对Ｃｒ＾６＋的吸附干扰。建立了痕量铬的不同价态原子吸收分析方法；对金属离子与藻之间的吸附机理作了初步探讨。