压敏胶粘剂组成、结构及性能的研究进展

压敏胶粘剂是一种柔性可塑性固体物质，由于其具有良好的耐候、耐热、耐油性以及机械强度好等优点，正得到越来越多的应用。介绍了不同种类压敏胶的组成、结构和性能的研究进展。     

石油树脂

石油树脂是将含大约C_5馏份的脂肪族烯烃或含大约C_9馏份的芳香族烯烃进行聚合而得到的。石油树脂可溶解于各种高聚物并改善它们的粘接性、耐水性、耐化学药品性等。因此,被广泛应用于压敏胶粘剂、热熔性胶粘剂、交通路标漆、橡胶增粘剂、涂料、印刷油墨、纸张的疏水剂等。     

La2O3掺杂氧化锌压敏阀片压敏电位梯度与显微组织的研究

采用添加微量La2O3的方法, 提高氧化锌压敏阀片的电位梯度, 使之具有优良的综合性能.同时研究了微量La2O3添加剂对氧化锌压敏电阻片的压敏电位梯度的影响, 并通过SEM测试手段对其微观组织结构进行了分析研究, 从理论上探讨了La2O3影响氧化锌压敏阀片压敏电位梯度与组织的机理.研究结果表明, 在0～0.08%(摩尔分数)成分范围内, 随着La2O3含量的增加, 氧化锌压敏阀片的压敏电位梯度明显提高; 当La2O3含量超过0.08%时, 随其含量的增加, 氧化锌压敏阀片的压敏电位梯度又呈降低趋势.其原因是La2O3加入到氧化锌压敏阀片中, La主要以固溶的形态分布于ZnO 晶内和晶界处, 使ZnO晶体的自由电子浓度增大, 进而使填隙锌离子Zni的总浓度下降, 因此填隙锌离子的传质能力下降, 抑制了ZnO晶粒的生长, 因而晶粒尺寸随La2O3的添加量下降, 压敏电位梯度显著提高.     

镧、铒共掺杂压敏漆的制备及荧光特性

以联吡啶,氯化钌,氯化镧,氯化铒为原料合成了镧、铒共掺杂的探针分子.将探针分子加入到硅溶胶基质中获得了镧、铒共掺杂的压敏漆样品.采用IR,SEM,XPS及荧光发射光谱对探针分子和压敏漆进行了测试分析.红外光谱测试结果表明,探针分子中联吡啶的结构没有被破坏.扫描电镜观察发现探针分子呈花瓣状,XPS测试发现压敏漆中含有Er,La,Ru等元素,说明稀土元素确实被掺入到压敏漆中.紫外吸收光谱表明压敏漆的最佳吸收波段位于200 ～ 500 nm处,选择410 nm作为激发光源,压敏漆在590 nm处有很强的荧光发射,并且随着空气压力的增大即氧分子浓度的增加,压敏漆的荧光强度降低,说明压敏漆具有较好的氧猝灭特性.     

掺铒联吡啶钌为探针分子压敏漆的制备及氧猝灭特性

以2,2′-联吡啶,三氯化钌(RuCl3),氯化铒(ErCl3)为原料合成了铒掺杂的探针分子。将探针分子加入到铕掺杂的硅溶胶基质中获得了铕、铒共掺杂的压敏漆样品。采用IR,SEM,EDS及荧光发射光谱对探针分子和压敏漆进行了表征。红外光谱结果表明,探针分子中联吡啶的结构没有被破坏。扫描电镜观察发现探针分子呈片状,EDS测试发现探针分子表面含有Er,Ru等元素。紫外吸收光谱表明压敏漆的最佳吸收波段位于200~500 nm处,选择410 nm作为激发光源,压敏漆在590 nm处有很强的荧光发射,并且随着空气压力的增大(即氧分子浓度的增加),压敏漆的荧光发射强度降低,说明压敏漆具有较好的氧猝灭特性。     

胶粘剂化学

本文简介了无机胶粘剂、环氧树脂胶粘剂、酚醛树脂胶粘剂、丙烯酸系胶粘剂、不饱和聚酯胶粘剂、聚氨酯胶粘剂、耐高温胶粘剂等的组成和化学原理,说明了胶粘剂在国民经济中的重要作用和粘合连接的优越性。     

丙烯酸酯共聚物改性聚氨酯胶粘剂性能的研究

以2402酚醛树脂／聚氨酯为胶粘剂组分,得到具有优秀粘接强度的胶粘剂体系。通过自由基无规共聚合的方法合成出一系列不同玻璃化温度(-40～80℃)的聚丙烯酸酯,并对胶粘剂进行改性。结果表明：2402酚醛树脂的适量加入不仅可以改善胶粘剂对被粘面的浸润性、调节胶粘剂的粘度,还可以提高胶粘剂的粘接性能;使T剥离强度达到45N／cm;而丙烯酸酯共聚物的加入虽然降低了胶粘剂的粘接性能,使T剥离强度降至20～30N／cm,却可拓宽胶粘剂的阻尼温域,达到50℃。用SEM研究了不同组分对胶粘剂微观形貌的影响,用DMA研究了聚丙烯酸酯的改性对胶粘剂的阻尼性能的影响。     

气动力压敏漆发光特性研究

以钌配合物为探针分子,分散于经溶胶凝胶法制备的SiO₂基质中形成对空气压力变化敏感的压敏漆。测定了它们的发光光谱及其氧猝灭性能,定量研究了发光和氧猝灭的关系,并将压敏漆用于风洞模拟试验,在较宽压力变化范围内获得了良好的线性关系。表征对压力变化灵敏度的直线斜率高达0.75.显示出所制备的空气动力压敏漆的性能优异,具有开发应用前景。     

氯丁橡胶胶粘剂的研究概况

介绍了近来国内氯丁橡胶胶粘剂的工业应用和研究概况,评价了各种氯丁橡胶胶粘剂的粘接性能,预测了氯丁橡胶胶粘剂的未来发展走势.引用文献33篇.     

非铁电巨介电压敏材料CCTO

本文主要介绍了近年来一种新型类钙钛矿型非铁电巨介电非线性压敏陶瓷材料——CaCu3Ti4O12,概述了其在晶体结构、相结构、微观形貌、多条件下介电特性和I-V特性等方面的研究进展。比较了CaCu3Ti4O12陶瓷的各种巨介电性理论和模型,阐述了压敏特性的起源。在讨论CaCu3Ti4O12陶瓷巨介电性和压敏特性机理的同时,指出了CaCu3Ti4O12作为介电材料和压敏材料的研究方向及应用的可能性。掺杂、复合及热处理工艺等对CaCu3Ti4O12电性能影响的系统性研究工作还需要进一步深入;纳米化可能会导致其某项特性的进一步提升,而薄膜化尽早与微电子领域的需要相结合会产生更广阔的应用空间。     

Translating Molecular Recognition into a Pressure Signal to enable Rapid,Sensitive, and Portable Biomedical Analysis

Herein, we demonstrate that a very familiar, yet underutilized, physical parameter—gas pressure—can serve as signal readout for highly sensitive bioanalysis. Integration of a catalyzed gas‐generation reaction with a molecular recognition component leads to significant pressure changes, which can be measured with high sensitivity using a low‐cost and portable pressure meter. This new signaling strategy opens up a new way for simple, portable, yet highly sensitive biomedical analysis in a variety of settings.     

Translating Molecular Recognition into a Pressure Signal to enable Rapid,Sensitive, and Portable Biomedical Analysis

Herein, we demonstrate that a very familiar, yet underutilized, physical parameter—gas pressure—can serve as signal readout for highly sensitive bioanalysis. Integration of a catalyzed gas‐generation reaction with a molecular recognition component leads to significant pressure changes, which can be measured with high sensitivity using a low‐cost and portable pressure meter. This new signaling strategy opens up a new way for simple, portable, yet highly sensitive biomedical analysis in a variety of settings.     

Multiplexed pressure sensing with elastomer membranes

We demonstrate a novel optical pressure measurement platform for microfluidics. The pressure sensors operate as pneumatically-tunable microlenses whose focal lengths vary with pressure. We show that pneumatic lens arrays can be used to perform sensitive multiplexed pressure measurements in microfluidic channels.     

用超网链(HNC)近似研究唐南平衡

用超网链（ＨＮＣ）近似法研究了离子间势能对唐南平衡的影响，并计算了唐南平衡中的平衡密度，渗透压和唐南电位，计算表明，唐南电位比渗透压对离子间热能更灵敏，使用平均离子活度系数，所得唐南电位很接近于以前的研究，使用原正确的单离子活度系数，所得唐南电位更接近实验值。     

Transparent Electronic Skin Device Based on Microstructured Silver Nanowire Electrode

Transparent, flexible electronic skin holds a wide range of applications in robotics, humanmachine interfaces, artificial intelligence, prosthetics, and health monitoring. Silver nanowire are mechanically flexible and robust, which exhibit great potential in transparent and electricconducting thin film. Herein, we report on a silver-nanowire spray-coating and electrodemicrostructure replicating strategy to construct a transparent, flexible, and sensitive electronic skin device. The electronic skin device shows highly sensitive piezo-capacitance response to pressure. It is found that micropatterning the surface of dielectric layer polyurethane elastomer by replicating from microstructures of natural-existing surfaces such as lotus leaf, silk, and frosted glass can greatly enhance the piezo-capacitance performance of the device. The microstructured pressure sensors based on silver nanowire exhibit good transparency, excellent flexibility, wide pressure detection range (0-150 kPa), and high sensitivity (1.28 kPa^-1).     

Visualization and numerical modelling of microfluidic on-chip injection processes

Sample injection processes accomplished using a microfluidic-cross chip are investigated experimentally and numerically. Fluorescent dye is employed to differentiate the sample solution from the pure buffer. Different sample geometries are achieved using different applied electric fields and dyes with different electrophoretic mobilities. Of particular interest here are concentration-dense samples with large axial extent (extending beyond the intersection). The ability to load and subsequently dispense these large axial extent samples is predicted numerically and verified experimentally by direct visualization. Containing more mass, larger samples exhibited lower concentration gradients, making them less sensitive to diffusion and well-suited to transport once dispensed. In the loading process, however, larger samples were found to be more sensitive to pressure effects than more focused samples. This was investigated by imaging sample geometries under various applied fields in the presence of a constant pressure gradient. Laplace pressure originating from differential meniscus curvatures in the reservoirs was found to be the most significant source of such pressure disturbances in these geometries.     

Recent advances in organic pressure-responsive luminescent materials

Pressure is a powerful tool to regulate the molecule aggregation and intermolecular interactions. Organic luminescent materials under high pressure can produce rich phenomena,which have many potential applications.     

Referenced Dual Pressure‐ and Temperature‐Sensitive Paint for Digital Color Camera Read Out

The first fluorescent material for the referenced simultaneous RGB (red green blue) imaging of barometric pressure (oxygen partial pressure) and temperature is presented. This sensitive coating consists of two platinum(II) complexes as indicators and a reference dye, each of which is incorporated in appropriate polymer nanoparticles. These particles are dispersed in a polyurethane hydrogel and spread onto a solid support. The emission of the (oxygen) pressure indicator, PtTFPP, matches the red channel of a RGB color camera, whilst the emission of the temperature indicator [Pt^II(Br‐thq)(acac)] matches the green channel. The reference dye, 9,10‐diphenylanthracene, emits in the blue channel. In contrast to other dual‐sensitive materials, this new coating allows for the simultaneous imaging of both indicator signals, as well as the reference signal, in one RGB color picture without having to separate the signals with additional optical filters. All of these dyes are excitable with a 405 nm light‐emitting diode (LED). With this new composite material, barometric pressure can be determined with a resolution of 22 mbar; the temperature can be determined with a resolution of 4.3 °C.     

The Oxidation of Cyclohexene with Polymer Supported Co(II) in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

It is known that a small change in the pressure near critical point of a fluid causes a significant change in density-dependent properties, such as the solubility parameter, viscosity, and dielectric constant1. Recently, there has been a growing interest in using supercritical fluids (SCFs) as reaction media2, 3. Homogeneous catalysts are capable of high specific activity and selectivity. But their removal from the reaction mixtures is difficult4. The application of reusable polymer-bond…