共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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甲烷氧化偶联MgO/BaCO3催化剂的表面结构与催化活性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用CO2-TPD,CO,CH4脉冲以及EPR,XPS等方法对MgO/BaCO3的表面结构及催化活性进行研究,结果表明,催化剂的碱性,氧扩散速率等对催化剂的活性均有影响。BaCO3和MgO的共同作用可以增强催化剂的碱性强度?增加强碱中心的量,调变晶格氧的移动性,提高C2烃的收率和选择性。EPR和XPS测试结果表明,表面吸附态的氧物种O^-2作为甲烷氧化偶联活性氧物种的前驱态在反应反应条件下可转化为活 相似文献
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研究了La-Th-O二元氧化物的组成、结构及其对甲烷氧化偶联反应催化性能的影响;用XRD、IR、XPS“SEM等方法对催化剂进行表征,La-Th-O系列催经剂随La/Th原子比的变化,可生成LaxTh1-xO2-δ固溶体,具有萤石结构的LaxTh1-xO-2-δ相是甲烷氧化偶联反应的主要活性相。 相似文献
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以碱土金属Ba、Sr代替碱金属与氧化能力较强的Pr、Ce相匹配,可以得到稳定性、活性都更好的催化剂。对于Ba-Pr二元体系,组成为BaPrO_3者C_2的收率及选择性可达极大值,在1083 K及CH_4:O_2=5:1条件下,经100 h反应考察,始终保持恒定的反应性能:甲烷转化率为20%,C_2选择性可达57%。催化剂的反应性能与催化剂组成的关系表明,碱性与氧化能力之间有协同作用。XRD结果表明,Ba和Sr离子分别进入了PrO(1.8)和CeO_2的晶格,抑制其燃烧性能。动力学研究结果支持了这种推测:甲烷氧化偶联反应的控制步骤是甲烷分子在PrO_(1.8)相上的C-H键断裂。 相似文献
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研究了不同碱金属离子对CaO的促进作用,发现以Na~+的添加效果最好。在此基础上,研究了不同含钠化合物对CaO的促进作用,并用脉冲反应技术研究Na~+/CaO催化剂表面氧物种的特性及其作用。CaO表面上存在非选择性氧化的氧物种。Na~+对CaO的修饰作用是抑制非选择性氧化。当表面上的非选择性氧化的氧物种消耗后,体相的晶格氧会向表面迁移,以补充消耗掉的表面氧物种。消耗掉的表面氧物种也可由气相氧补充。CH_4脉冲和混合气脉冲说明仅靠[Na~+O~-]中心不足以使甲烷转化成C_2产物,必须有气相氧的参与才能使甲烷转化成C_2产物。 相似文献
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碱土金属氟化物促进Eu2O3催化剂的甲烷氧化偶联性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
考察了碱土金属氟化物促进的Eu2O3在甲烷氧化偶联反应中的催化性能。发现在Eu2O3中添加碱土金属氧化物后,碳二烃(C2)的选择性和收率都有明显提高。当Eu2O3摩尔含量相同时,催化性能按CaF2-Eu2O3=BaF2-Eu2O3〈SrF2-Eu2O3顺序递增,XRD分析结果表明,在新鲜的BaF2-Eu2O3催化剂中了菱形EuOF新相,而在其它两类催化剂中氟氧离子交换不明显,这种差异与碱土金属氟化 相似文献
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ABO3型复合氧化物LnAlO3的结构及甲烷偶联催化性能的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用XRD技术表征了LnAlO3的体相结构和晶体的畸变度,用TPD技术考察了LnAlO3的吸附氧行为。表征结果与催化性能关联表明,LnAlO3的畸变度大、缺陷多、吸附氧的能力强,其催化性能就好;吸附的原子氧是活化甲烷生成C2的氧种。 相似文献
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研究了两个典型轻稀土La,Ce氧化物对甲烷氧化联反应的影响,具有较小比表面积的催化给出较高的C2选择性,但是催化剂的氧化还原性能对C2选择性的影响则更大,添加Li的作用除产生O中心外,还可抑制催化剂的氧化还原能力,从而改善C2选择性,甲烷氧化偶联反应属催化剂引发的自由基反应。 相似文献
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Yu. I. Pyatnitskii A. I. Bostan L. N. Raevskaya S. A. Nedil’ko A. G. Dzyaz’ko E. G. Zen’kovich 《Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry》2005,41(2):117-121
The catalytic properties of complex oxide catalysts with ABO3 perovskite structure (A = Sr, Ba, La; B = Mn, Co, Ni) in the oxidative coupling of methane were studied with separate introduction of methane and oxygen onto the catalyst. The greatest catalytic activity was found for the nickel-containing oxides but these catalysts have much lower operational stability than Mn- and Co-containing catalysts. Modification of the oxide systems studied by partial replacement of the strontium or transition metal ions by alkali metal ions considerably improves their activity and selectivity.__________Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Eksperimental’naya Khimiya, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 110–114, March– April, 2005. 相似文献
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Jack H. Lunsford 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》1995,34(9):970-980
One of the great challenges in the field of heterogeneous catalysis is the conversion of methane to more useful chemicals and fuels. A chemical of particular importance is ethene, which can be obtained by the oxidative coupling of methane. In this reaction CH4 is first oxidatively converted into C2H6, and then into C2H4. The fundamental aspects of the problem involve both a heterogeneous component, which includes the activation of CH4 on a metal oxide surface, and a homogeneous gas-phase component, which includes free-radical chemistry. Ethane is produced mainly by the coupling of the surface-generated CH radicals in the gas phase. The yield of C2H4 and C2H6 is limited by secondary reactions of CH radicals with the surface and by the further oxidation of C2H4, both on the catalyst surface and in the gas phase. Currently, the best catalysts provide 20% CH4 conversion with 80% combined C2H4 and C2H6 selectivity in a single pass through the reactor. Less is known about the nature of the active centers than about the reaction mechanism; however, reactive oxygen ions are apparently required for the activation of CH4 on certain catalysts. There is spectroscopic evidence for surface O? or O ions. In addition to the oxidative coupling of CH4, cross-coupling reactions, such as between methane and toluene to produce styrene, have been investigated. Many of the same catalysts are effective, and the cross-coupling reaction also appears to involve surface-generated radicals. Although a technological process has not been developed, extensive research has resulted in a reasonable understanding of the elementary reactions that occur during the oxidative coupling of methane. 相似文献
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Subhash Bhatia Noor Asmawati binti Mohd Zabidi Megat Harun Al Rashid bin Megat Ahmad 《Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters》2001,74(1):87-92
The catalytic activity of Ni/MgO catalysts was studied for the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM). The catalysts were characterized
using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and XRD. The increase in C2+ selectivity of Ni/MgO was attributed to the presence
of bulk dislocations and MgNiO2 phase.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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1982年Keller和Bhasin以金属氧化物为催化剂从甲烷制得少量乙烯和乙烷的工作引起了各国研究工作者的重视,此后报道了许多有研究价值的催化剂,其中添加碱金属对提高催化性能所起的作用引起了普遍的关注.Lunsford等首先用添加Li~+的MgO作催化剂,发现催化剂表面碱性增强的同时,生成C_2烃类产物的选择性明显增加.随后Iwamatu等在MgO中添加Na~+及Rb~+盐,Jones等在Mn~(4+)/SiO_2中添加Na~+,Otsuka等在Sm_2O_3中添加LiCl作为甲烷氧化偶联催化剂进行了研究,这些结果均表明,因添加碱金属使催化剂呈现 相似文献
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硫酸钠对Mn/SiO2催化剂结构及其甲烷氧化偶联反应性能的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用等体积浸渍法制备了Na2SO4改性的Mn/SiO2催化剂,考察了Mn-Na2SO4/SiO2催化剂中各组分对甲烷氧化偶联合成C2产物(C2H4+C2H6)的影响,并采用X射线衍射、 X射线光电子能谱、 Raman光谱和程序升温还原等手段表征了催化剂中的物相结构、表面组分价态与含量以及氧化还原性能. 结果表明,在Mn/SiO2催化剂中添加Na2SO4可使载体SiO2由无定形转变为α-方石英相,使催化剂表面的Mn物种由Mn3O4转变为Mn2O3, 从而大大提高了甲烷转化率和目标产物C2的选择性. 因此,推测Mn2O3物种在反应条件下构成了甲烷氧化偶联反应的活性中心. 相似文献