Synthesis and spectral luminescence properties of dibenzo[b,i]phenoxazine and several of its derivatives

The synthesis of dibenzo[b,i]phenoxazine, its p-tert-butyl substituted analog, and a series of nitro-, amino-, and bromosubstituted derivatives, is described. The spectral luminescence properties of these newly synthesized compounds have been investigated.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 262–267, February, 1988.     

EFFECT OF THE BROMINE ATOM UPON THE DISSOCIATION CONSTANTS OF BROMOPYRIDINES,BROMOQUINOLINES AND 4-BROMOISOQUINOLINE IN THEIR LOWEST EXCITED SINGLET AND TRIPLET STATES*

Abstract— The lowest excited singlet-state dissociation constants (pK^S_a) of bromosubstituted pyridines, quinolines, and isoquinolines were determined from the pH-dependent shifts in their electronic absorption spectra. The lowest excited triplet-state dissociation constants (pK^T_a) of bromosubstituted quinolines and 4-bromoisoquinoline were obtained from the shifts of the 0–0 phosphorescence bands measured in rigid aqueous solution at 77 K. The pK^S_a values indicate that the basicity of these brominated nitrogen heterocycles is increased in the lowest excited singlet state by 2 to 10 orders of magnitude as compared with the ground state. The pK^T_a values are found to be significantly different from the corresponding ground-state pK_a values, indicating that the basicity of bromoquinolines is increased in the lowest excited triplet state by 1.7 to 3.0 pK units. The enhancement of the excited singlet-and triplet-state basicity of brominated nitrogen heterocycle derivatives as compared with the unsuhstituted parent compounds is attributed to the increased electron-donor conjugative interactions of the bromine atom pπ orbitals with π orbitals in the lowest excited singlet and triplet state.     

Protein profiles of the Chinese hamster ovary cells in the resting and proliferating stages.

Identification and characterization of the proteins that regulate the transition from the resting stage (G0) through G1 to S phase of the cell cycle are of central importance to understand the control of cell proliferation and chromosome replication. Unlike in lower organisms, where relatively small numbers of key factors are involved in this process, the factors involved in the same control mechanisms in mammalian systems are much more complex. Furthermore, accumulating lines of evidence now suggest that the nuclear matrix and chromatin organization also play an essential role for the cell cycle control in mammalian cells. To gain a better understanding of the overall dynamics and changes of the protein factors in the context of matrix/chromatin organization, we examined the protein profiles of the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in different cell cycle compartments. The methods used in this study included subcellular fractionations (cytosol, nuclear extraction, chromatin, and nuclear matrix), two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE), silver staining, and immunoblotting. As expected, significant changes of protein profiles were observed when cells entered into proliferating stages from G0. Among approximately 1200 protein spots analyzed by 2-D PAGE, at least 12 showed marked increase or decrease at this transitional period. Further cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase showed less dramatic changes of overall protein protile. However, the profile of certain proteins showed rather dramatic changes of their subcellular localization during this transitional period. In particular, the levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the nuclear matrix and chromatin dramatically increased in mid-G1 and in the beginning of S phase, respectively, while the overall PCNA level was relatively constant throughout the cell cycle.     

基于液相色谱-质谱联用的代谢组学技术研究Pokemon诱导的胞内脂代谢变化

Pokemon是一种转录抑制因子,能够通过影响染色质的重组或直接与抑癌基因结合而抑制抑癌基因的转录,促使肿瘤形成。该文利用基于液相色谱-质谱联用的代谢组学技术研究了Pokemon在肝癌中调控细胞代谢的作用机制。通过脂质转染,获得了Pokemon高表达的HL7702细胞,分别收集转染后不同时间点的细胞。利用基于液相色谱-质谱联用技术的代谢组学方法,分析胞内代谢物的成分。根据多元统计分析的结果选出差异显著的候选代谢物,通过数据库（METLIN和HMDB）检索、二级图谱比对进行结构解析,确证了36种代谢物。通过KEGG数据库检索发现这些代谢物主要与脂质合成相关。进一步分析发现脂质合成途径中乙酰辅酶羧化酶和脂肪酸合成酶均被激活。结果显示,Pokemon可通过激活细胞中脂质合成通路而影响细胞的代谢。     

Titrimetric determination of phenol resorcinol and phloroglucinol

A new and sensitive titrimetric method with an amplification procedure has been worked out for the determination of 10-1000 mug of phenol, resorcinol or phloroglucinol. The method is based on reaction of the phenols with an excess of bromine to form bromosubstituted aryl hypobromites. After removal of excess of bromine with formic acid, the hypobromites are treated with iodide to liberate an equivalent amount of iodine, which is extracted into chloroform, then reduced to iodide and determined by the Leipert procedure with 6-fold amplification. The coefficient of variation does not exceed 0.4% for amounts of determinand > 100 mug, but increases to 1.5% at the 10-mug level.     

PNAs grafted with (α/γ, R/S)-aminomethylene pendants: regio and stereo specific effects on DNA binding and improved cell uptake

PNAs grafted with cationic aminomethylene (am) pendants on the backbone at the glycyl (α) or ethylenediamine (γ) segments show regio (α/γ) and stereochemistry (R/S) dependent binding with complementary DNA. These are efficiently taken up by cells, with γ(S-am) aeg-PNA being the best in all properties.     

Examining histone modification crosstalk using immobilized libraries established from ligation-ready nucleosomes

Chromatin signaling relies on a plethora of posttranslational modifications (PTM) of the histone proteins which package the long DNA molecules of our cells in reoccurring units of nucleosomes. Determining the biological function and molecular working mechanisms of different patterns of histone PTMs requires access to various chromatin substrates of defined modification status. Traditionally, these are achieved by individual reconstitution of single nucleosomes or arrays of nucleosomes in conjunction with modified histones produced by means of chemical biology. Here, we report an alternative strategy for establishing a library of differentially modified nucleosomes that bypasses the need for many individual syntheses, purification and assembly reactions by installing modified histone tails on ligation-ready, immobilized nucleosomes reconstituted in a single batch. Using the ligation-ready nucleosome strategy with sortase-mediated ligation for histone H3 and intein splicing for histone H2A, we generated libraries of up to 280 individually modified nucleosomes in 96-well plate format. Screening these libraries for the effects of patterns of PTMs onto the recruitment of a well-known chromatin factor, HP1 revealed a previously unknown long-range cross-talk between two modifications. H3S28 phosphorylation enhances recruitment of the HP1 protein to the H3K9 methylated H3-tail only in nucleosomal context. Detailed structural analysis by NMR measurements implies negative charges at position 28 to increase nucleosomal H3-tail dynamics and flexibility. Our work shows that ligation-ready nucleosomes enable unprecedented access to the ample space and complexity of histone modification patterns for the discovery and dissection of chromatin regulatory principles.

280 different patterns of histone modifications were installed in preassembled nucleosomes using PTS and SML enabling screening of readout crosstalk.