Haldane Gap in One-Dimensional Spin Chains

One-dimensional antiferromagnetic spin chains (S = 1) are quantized by means of the Gaus sian effective potential method for the O(3) nonlinear a model. The critical line-separating the missive phase with Haldane gap and massless phase is found in an analytic form. The spin correlation function is discussed via the sine-Gordon formulation as well.     

Charge Gap in One-Dimensional Extended Hubbard Model

By using the bosonization and renormalization group methods, we have studied the low energy physical properties in one-dimensional extended Hubbard model. The formation of charge and spin gaps is investigated at the half-filled electron band. An analytical expression for the charge gap in terms of the Coulomb repulsive interaction strength U and the nearest-neighbour interaction parameter V is obtained.     

一维光子晶体禁带特性的研究

应用传输矩阵法研究了一维光子晶体的禁带特性,数值模拟得到了一维光子晶体TE模、TM模和TE/TM模禁带结构,计算结果表明,介质层的厚度发生变化时,禁带宽度发生变化。研究结果为一维光子晶体器件的设计提供了理论依据。     

Gap Solitons and Resonant Kinks in One-Dimensional Heisenberg Ferromagnets

Nonlinear excitations in a one-dimensional Heisen berg ferromagnet are studied by a quasidiscreteness approach. The result is valid in the whole Brillourin zone of con tin u um magnon spectrum. We show that the system can support gap solitons at q = 0 and resonant kinks at q = π/d₀, where q is the wave number of the carrier wave and do is the lattice spacing.     

一维光子晶体禁带的展宽

作为一维光子晶体的应用基础，一维光子晶体的禁带是研究的重点。通过传输矩阵的方法分析了一维光子晶体禁带的特性，讨论了影响带宽的因素。说明了相对带宽对光子晶体设计的重要性。在这个基础上讨论了扩展一维光子晶体带宽的方法，提出了在角域范围内对光子晶体进行叠加的方法，为设计制造一维光子晶体提供了一种行之有效的方法。分别对2个、3个和4个晶体的叠加进行了分析，最后计算了所设计的合成晶体的反射率。其中4个晶体的叠加，相对带宽达到57．52％，极大地展宽了一维光子晶体的禁带，从而证明利用角域的叠加来展宽一维光子晶体的禁带是非常有效的。     

Coupled Band Gap Solitons in One-Dimensional Alternating Heisenberg Ferromagnetic Chains

The dynamics of coupled band gap solitons in one-dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnetic chains with bond alternation is considered analytically. Using the method of multiple scales the nonlinear coupled-mode equations (i.e.Manakov equations) for the upper cutoff mode of acoustic band and the lower cutoff mode of optical band are derived under the quasi-discreteness approximation. Due to the cross-phase modulation the type of soliton excitations may be changed and the vibrating frequencies of these soliton excitations may locate within or outside the gap of magnon frequency bands.``     

Coupled Band Gap Solitons in One-Dimensional Alternating Heisenberg Ferromagnetic Chains

The dynamics of coupled band gap solitons in one-dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnetic chains with bond alternation is considered analytically. Using the method of multiple scales the nonlinear coupled-mode equations (i.e. Manakov equations) for the upper cutoff mode of acoustic band and the lower cutoff mode of optical band are derived under the quasi-discreteness approximation. Due to the cross-phase modulation the type of soliton excitations may be changed and the vibrating frequencies of these soliton excitations may locate within or outside the gap of magnon frequency bands.     

One-Dimensional Electric Field Structure of an Outer Gap Accelerator

We re-study the one-dimensional electric field structure of an outer gap accelerator by considering the physical limit of trans-field height. Inside the outer gap, the charge depletion creates a large electric field along the magnetic field lines. Electrons and/or positrons are accelerated to ultra-relativistic energies by this longitudinal electric field, and then radiate γ-ray photons by curvature radiation. The collision of these γ-rays and ambient x-ray photons further produce radiating particles, resulting in a stationary gap. We solve the structure of this longitudinal electric field together with the distributions of electrons and positrons and γ-ray photons for an aligned rotator. Our results indicate that the outer gap can extend to the light cylinder using reasonable parameters.     

Boundary of Chaos for the Gap Map

By means of kneading theory the gap map is studied based on the admissibility conditions.A criterion for the existence of chaos is derived. The structure of the skeleton is analyzed by using two transformations for symbols. The boundary of chaos for the gap map is described.     

Effects of Colored Noise on Periodic Orbits in a One-Dimensional Map

Noise can induce inverse period-doubling transition and chaos. The effects of the colored noise on periodic orbits, of the different periodic sequences in the logistic map, are investigated. It is found that the dynamical behaviors of the orbits, induced by an exponentially correlated colored noise, are different in the mergence of transition, and the effects of the noise intensity ontheir dynamical behaviors are different from the effects of the correlation time of noise. Remarkably, the noise can induce new periodic orbits, namely, two new orbits emerge in the period-four sequence at the bifurcation parameter value μ=3.5, four new orbits in the period-eight sequence at μ=3.55, and three new orbits in the period-six sequence at μ= 3.846, respectively.Moreover, the dynamical behaviors of the new orbits clearly show theresonance like response to the colored noise.     

Ising-Type and Other Transitions in One-Dimensional Coupled Map Lattices with Sign Symmetry

We consider a one-dimensional lattice of expanding antisymmetric maps [–1, 1][–1, 1] with nearest neighbor diffusive coupling. For such systems it is known that if the coupling parameter is small there is unique stationary (in time) state, which is chaotic in space-time. A disputed question is whether such systems can exhibit Ising-type phase transitions as grows beyond some critical value _c. We present results from computer experiments which give definite indication that such a transition takes place: the mean square magnetization appears to diverge as approaches some critical value, with a critical exponent around 0.9. We also study other properties of the coupled map system.     

Flux Period, Spin Gap, and Pairing in the One-Dimensional t-J-J' Model

Using the factorization of the wave function in the t-J-J' model at small exchange couplings, we demonstrate the connection between the existence of a spin gap and an hc/2e flux periodicity of the ground state energy. We conjecture that all spin-gapped SU(2)-invariant Luttinger liquids have hc/2e flux periodicity, and that this is connected to the fact that a gapped spin-1/2 chain always breaks translational symmetry by doubling the unit cell.     

Recurrence and Pólya Number of General One-Dimensional Random Walks

The recurrence properties of random walks can be characterized by Pólya number, i.e., the probability that the walker has returned to the origin at least once. In this paper, we consider recurrence properties for a general 1D random walk on a line, in which at each time step the walker can move to the left or right
with probabilities l and r, or remain at the same position with probability o (l+r+o=1). We calculate Pólya number P of this model and find a simple expression for P as, P=1-Δ, whereΔ is the absolute difference of l and r (Δ=|l-r|). We prove this rigorous expression by the method of creative telescoping, and our result suggests that the walk is recurrent if and only if the left-moving probability l equals to the right-moving probability r.     

用一维光子带隙结构增强硫化镉双光子吸收研究

用真空镀膜方法制备了含有单个CdS缺陷层的具有不同周期和结构参量的TiO2／SiO2一维光子晶体。用抽运一探测技术研究了CdS缺陷层的双光子吸收（TPA）现象。实验结果表明：一维光子晶体中CdS缺陷层的双光子吸收显著增强。不同周期和结构参量的一维光子晶体中CdS缺陷层的双光子吸收系数不同。双光子吸收的增强来源于由光局域化导致的缺陷层的电场强度的增加。缺陷层电场强度与一维光子晶体的结构有关,如周期,光子带隙的位置与宽度及缺陷模式等因素都会影响缺陷层电场强度。采用四分之一波长的高低折射率介质层和与入射波长匹配的缺陷模可以得到最大的缺陷层电场强度。     

Anomalous Magnetization Exponent and Singular Frustration Induced Gap in Incommensurate Massive One-Dimensional Lattice Models

This paper investigates the frustration induced phenomena at the commensurate-incommensurate crossing point in one-dimensional massive systems. The massive elementary excitation can be described by a dispersion e(k )=√∑ an cos(nk), with a set of phenomenological coefficients an, which depend on the frustration. From the dispersion,we find that at the commensurate-incommensurate crossing point, both pitch angle and the correlation length have square root singularities, being functions of funstration intensity. The gap in the incommensurate side also comes to be singular while approaching the crossing point. Anomalous magnetization exponent appears at the singular point of the spin gap.     

Anomalous Magnetization Exponent and Singular Frustration Induced Gap in Incommensurate Massive One-Dimensional Lattice Models

This paper investigates the frustration induced phenomena at the commensurate-incommensurate crossing point in one-dimensional massive systems. The massive elementary excitation can be described by a dispersion ε(k)= √[Σa_ncos(nk)], with a set of phenomenological coefficients a_n, which depend on the frustration. From the dispersion, we find that at the commensurate-incommensurate crossing point, both pitch angle and the correlation length have square root singularities, being functions of funstration intensity. The gap in the incommensurate side also comes to be singular while approaching the crossing point. Anomalous magnetization exponent appears at the singular point of the spin gap.     

A Self-synchronizing Stream Encryption Scheme Based on One-Dimensional Coupled Map Lattices

We present a self-synchronizing stream encryption scheme based on one-dimensional coupled map lattices which is introduced as a model with the essential features of spatiotemporal chaos, and of great complexity and diffusion capability of the little disturbance in the initial condition. To evaluate the scheme, a series of statistical tests are employed, and the results show good random-look nature of the ciphertext. Furthermore, we apply our algorithm to encrypt a grey-scale image to show the key sensitivity.     

一维微波光子晶体带隙的仿真和实验研究

利用MPB软件和MEEP软件对一维光子晶体带隙结构及透射谱进行了仿真与实验研究.讨论了不同介质填充比和介质相对介电常数对光子晶体带隙结构的影响.仿真结果表明,当高相对介电常数介质的填充比增大时,或高相对介电常数增大时,光子晶体带隙的中心频率缓慢减小,带隙宽度呈先增大后减小的趋势,存在一极大值点.采用高相对介电常数介质薄板[钛酸钡(BaTiO<,3>)粉末混合聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)胶体]和泡沫薄板周期性排列组成一维光子晶体.实验上制得了高低介质相对介电常数分别为4.5和1,填充比为1:1,晶格常数为10 mm,周期数为5的光子晶体,并测量出该光子晶体的微波透射谱.测量结果表明,在8～12 GHz的微波频段,该光子晶体的带隙中心频率为9.3 GHz,带隙宽度为500 MHz.