EHD两相系统中的电场数值模拟

针对均匀电场作用下两相系统中的单个离散相周围电场分布情况,建立了数学模型.在建模过程中,考虑了离散相的存在对电场分布的影响.通过求解电场控制方程,得到了均匀电场作用下离散相周围及其内部的电势及电场分布的数值解,并理论验证了该数值解的准确性.     

原子质心运动和场模结构对场相位动力学的影响

运用Ｐｉｇｇ－Ｂａｒｎｅｔｔ的厄米相位公式,研究了Ｊ－Ｃ模型中原子质心运动和场模结构对场相位动力学的影响。在未考虑原子质心动力和考虑原子质心运动两种情况下,分别给出了场相位概率分布和相位涨落随时间的变化规律,并比较了两种情况下的场相位动力学,结果表明：原子质心动力导致场相位动力学的周期性演化,场模结构参数决定其周期的大小。     

Variable Frequency Harmonic Oscillator in an Electromagnetic Field

The invariant, propagator, and wavefunction for a variable frequency harmonic oscillator in an electromagnetic field are obtained by making a specific coordinate transformation and by using the method of phase space path integral method. The probability amplitudes for a dissipative harmonic oscillator in the time varying electric field E(t) = E0 sin(Ωt) are obtained.     

用于超声悬浮场可视化的光学全息相位倍增方法研究

基于二次曝光全息干涉测量原理,采用四倍相位倍增光路对声悬浮声压场分布进行了可视化研究.拍摄了给定模式的超声悬浮场在不同超声换能器激励电流时的光学全息图并进行光学再现,由再现光波的全息干涉条纹图样得到了反映声压场分布的光波波前相位变化,并进行了对比分析.结果表明,与无相位倍增光路相比,采用四倍相位倍增光路可使同一声压场的全息干涉条纹数目大大增加,测量灵敏度明显提高,为进一步研究声悬浮场声压分布提供了一种有效方法.     

强外加电场与大调制度下光折变动力学光栅形成研究

强外加电场与大调制度在光折变效应的研究中已经得到了广泛应用。采用PDECOL算法,严格求解光折变带输运方程,得到外加电场时不同调制度下光折变晶体中随时间变化的空间电荷场、载流子浓度,并讨论了外加电场对它们的影响。通过将物质方程与耦合波方程联立数值求解,可得到光折变光栅形成过程中两波耦合增益系数以及光束条纹相位的变化。模拟结果表明,在强外加电场作用下,两束记录光之间的光强与相位耦合都得到了增强,而原有的解析式忽视了强外加电场与大调制度对空间电荷场相位耦合的影响,此时不再适用。同时发现折射率光栅与记录光束条纹均发生弯曲,并不再保持平行。     

Weakly Coupled Three-Layer Quantum Dot with a Charged Impurity in Magnetic Field

The states of a weakly coupled 3-quantum-dot system with an external charged impurity located on the z-axis are studied in a magnetic field. The evolutions of the true ground state with the magnetic field B are obtained for various impurity cases. It is found that the negative charge impurity would promote the phase transition of the true ground state.     

Field electron emission in graphite-like films

Results of investigation of carbon films deposited with the use of gas-phase chemical reactions in the plasma of a dc discharge are presented. Films obtained at different parameters of the deposition process varied widely in their structure and phase composition, from polycrystalline diamond to graphite-like material. Comparative study of the structure and phase composition of the films using Raman spectroscopy, cathodoluminescence, electron microscopy, and diffractometry, as well as the obtained field electron emission characteristics, have shown that the threshold value of the electric field strength for electron emission decreases with a decrease in the size of diamond crystallites and growth of the fraction of non-diamond carbon. The lowest threshold fields (less than 1.5 V/μm) are obtained for films consisting mainly of graphite-like material. A model based on the experimental data is proposed, which explains the mechanism of field electron emission in carbon materials.     

Field induced order in magnetic systems: Marginal case

The bond operator representation and the one-loop renormalization group treatment are used to study the spin-1 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic with single-ion anisotropy and transversal magnetic fields in three-dimensional cubic lattices. We start from a disordered spin-liquid phase to an ordered phase, at a critical field H_c1 above which the system enters an XY-antiferromagnetic phase. This transition is interpreted as belonging to a universality class with a dynamical critical exponent z=1. In this marginal case logarithmic corrections are found to the physical quantities. These theoretical predictions are compared with the scaling of the magnetization as a function of field and temperature for the organic compound NiCl₂-4SC(NH₂)₂.     

内禀退相干下薛定谔猫态光场与原子相互作用系统的场熵演化

通过求解系统的Milburn方程,研究了二能级原子与薛定谔猫态光场相互作用系统中的场熵演化特性.讨论了内禀退相干,光场强度,相干态间的相位角对场熵演化的影响.结果表明: 内禀退相干下,随着时间的演化,场熵振荡逐渐减弱,光场与原子的纠缠度逐渐趋于恒值.并且光场与原子的最大纠缠度值只取决光场强度和相干态间的相位角,与内禀退相干因子无关.光场强度较小时,奇相干态光场与原子的纠缠度最大;偶相干态光场与原子的纠缠度值为最小;Yurke-Stoler相干态光场与原子的纠缠度值介于两者之间. 当内禀退相干因子不变、光场强度较大时,分别处于Yurke-Stoler相干态、偶相干态和奇相干态的光场与原子的纠缠度值趋近于相同.     

Effects of Arbitrarily Directed Field on Spin Phase Oscillations in Biaxial Molecular Magnets

Quantum phase interference and spin-parity effects are studied in biaxial molecular magnets in a magnetic field at an arbitrarily directed angle.The calculations of the ground-state tunnel splitting are performed on the basis of the instanton technique in the spin-coherent-state path-integral representation,and complemented by exactly numerical diagonalization.Both the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin exponent and the pre-exponential factor are obtained for the entire region of the direction of the field.Our results show that the tunnel splitting oscillates with the field for the small field angle,while for the large field angle the oscillation is completely suppressed.This distinct angular dependence,together with the dependence of the tunnel splitting on the field strength,provides an independent test for spin-parity effects in biaxial molexular magnets.The analytical results for the molecular Fes magnet are found to be in good agreement with the numerical simulations,which suggests that even the molecular magnet with total spin S=10 is large enough to be treated as a giant spin system.     

内禀退相干下薛定谔猫态光场与原子相互作用系统的场熵演化

通过求解系统的Milburn方程,研究了二能级原子与薛定谔猫态光场相互作用系统中的场熵演化特性.讨论了内禀退相干,光场强度,相干态间的相位角对场熵演化的影响.结果表明: 内禀退相干下,随着时间的演化,场熵振荡逐渐减弱,光场与原子的纠缠度逐渐趋于恒值.并且光场与原子的最大纠缠度值只取决光场强度和相干态间的相位角,与内禀退相干因子无关.光场强度较小时,奇相干态光场与原子的纠缠度最大;偶相干态光场与原子的纠缠度值为最小;Yurke-Stoler相干态光场与原子的纠缠度值介于两者之间. 当内禀退相干因子不变、光场强度较大时,分别处于Yurke-Stoler相干态、偶相干态和奇相干态的光场与原子的纠缠度值趋近于相同.     

Renormalization of Path Ordered Phase Factors and Related Hadron Operators in Gauge Field Theories

We give a review of the renormalization and short distance properties of path ordered phase factors in nonabelian gauge field theories. It includes nonlocal gauge invariant meson, baryon and gluonium operators constructed with the help of such phase factors. Furthermore, the renormalization properties of functional derivatives of phase factors as they are needed in dynamical equations are considered. The discussion is based on an one dimensional auxiliary field formalism which enables the application of the usual language of local Green's functions.     

Use of a Phase Reference for Field Mapping with Amplitude Images at Low Field

We present a method to obtain MRI amplitude images that can picture the magnetic field due to arbitrary shaped magnetized objects. The method employees the gradient recalled echo sequence and two sets of data obtained in separate experiments, one of which provides a phase reference image making it possible to eliminate the effect of theB₀field inhomogeneities. The final magnitude images have a good signal-to-noise even at low fields, and provide qualitative as well as quantitative information about the magnetic field produced by the ferromagnetic object. As an example the method is applied to study the field produced by a small metal piece in a 500-G scanner, and the experimental results are compared with numerical simulations.     

Soliton Lattice State of Spin—1／2 Antiferromagnetic Chain in an External Magnetic Field

One-dimensional spin-1-2 anisotropic Heisenberg antiferromagnet in a longitudinal external magnetic field is studied using bosonization method and Gaussian wave functional techniques which take account of the spatial structure.The magnetization and the energy of the ground state which depend on the external magnetic field are calculated.For the case of anisotropic parameter △＞△0,increasing of the external magnetic field above the threshold value leads to the appearance of the soliton lattice state in the ground state,until to an another critical field where the ground state changes to the canted state phase.Therefore,with increasing external magnetic field,the ground state experiences four different phases successively,namely,antiferromagnetic Ising,soliton lattice state canted state,and magnetization saturated phases.When △＜△0,the soliton lattice state phase does not appear,with increasing external field,the paramagnetic phase smoothly evolves into the canted state phase,finally reaches magnetization saturated phase.     

Determination of the Space-Charge Field Amplitude by the Phase Modulation Method

Results of experimental and theoretical investigations into the conversion of the phase modulation of light into its intensity modulation in photorefractive crystals are presented. Based on the vector diffraction theory, an analytical expression describing a phase demodulation in crystals in an external electric field applied in an arbitrary direction is derived. The phase demodulation is used to determine the space-charge field amplitude in cubic crystals. It is demonstrated that the space-charge magnitude measured in GaP and Bi₁₂TiO₂₀ crystals is less than that predicted by the Kukhtarev single-level model.     

Thermodynamical Properties of Spin-3/2 Ising Model in a Longitudinal Random Field with Crystal Field

A theoretical study of a spin-3/2 Ising model in a longitudinal random field with crystal field is studied by using of the effective-field theory with correlations. The phase diagrams and the behavior of the tricritical point are investigated numerically for the honeycomb lattice when the random field is bimodal. In particular, the specific heat and the internal energy are examined in detail for the system with a crystal-field constant in the critical region where the ground-state configuration may change from the spin-3/2 state to the spin-1/2 state. We find many interesting phenomena in the system.     

Field distribution of magnetostatic waves in a tangentially magnetized ferromagnetic slab

The field distribution of magnetostatic surface and volume waves as they propagate at an arbitrary angle to a constant field in a tangentially magnetized ferromagnetic slab (Damon-Eschbach waves) is investigated. Snapshots of the magnetic field lines of the wave are constructed. The variation of the magnetic field distribution with thickness is qualitatively identified for a volume wave as it propagates at an angle equal to the cutoff angle of the surface wave, as a result of which the sinusoidal profile of the wave over thickness almost discontinuously acquires an additional phase difference. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 69, 82–86 (January 1999)     

相变温度场中无网格伽辽金法的应用

简述了无单元法的基础理论,推导出相变温度场的无单元法计算公式,采用罚函数法引入了第一类边界条件,编制了相应的计算程序.通过经典相变的应用例子,和有限元计算结果及解析解的比较,说明了无单元法应用于相变温度场具有连续性好,精度高,前后处理简单等优点.     

Spherical Model in a Random Field

We investigate the properties of the Gibbs states and thermodynamic observables of the spherical model in a random field. We show that on the low-temperature critical line the magnetization of the model is not a self-averaging observable, but it self-averages conditionally. We also show that an arbitrarily weak homogeneous boundary field dominates over fluctuations of the random field once the model transits into a ferromagnetic phase. As a result, a homogeneous boundary field restores the conventional self-averaging of thermodynamic observables, like the magnetization and the susceptibility. We also investigate the effective field created at the sites of the lattice by the random field, and show that at the critical temperature of the spherical model the effective field undergoes a transition into a phase with long-range correlations ∼r ^4−d .