93W合金有关力学参量的综合选评

 对93W合金材料进行了超声测量实验，并结合原有的超声测量结果进行了分析比较，提出了可以直接用冲击波速度关系式的三个系数c₀ 、λ和λ′来对钨合金的有关力学参量，如G₀、K₀、G₀′、K₀′等进行综合选评的方法。得到了一组对93W合金较为合理的力学参量推荐值。     

Scalar Statistics along Inertial Particle Trajectory in Isotropic Turbulence

The statistics of a passive scalar along inertial particle trajectory in homogeneous isotropic turbulence with a mean scalar gradient is investigated by using direct numerical simulation. We are interested in the influence of particle inertia on such statistics, which is crucial for further understanding and development of models in non-isothermal gas-particle flows. The results show that the scalar variance along particle trajectory decreases with the increasing particle inertia firstly; when the particle＇s Stokes number St is less than 1.0, it reaches the minimal value when St is around 1.0, then it increases if St increases further. However, the scalar dissipation rate along the particle trajectory shows completely contrasting behavior in comparison with the scalar variance. The mechanical-to-thermal time scale ratios averaged along particle, （r）p, are approximately two times smaller than that computed in the Eulerian frame r, and stay at nearly 1.77 with a weak dependence on particle inertia. In addition, the correlations between scalar dissipation and flow structure characteristics along particle trajectories, such as strain and vorticity, are also computed, and they reach their maximum and minimum, 0.31 and 0.25, respectively, when St is around 1.0.     

固氢掺锂体系锂原子吸收谱的高压研究

 利用路径积分蒙特卡罗方法，基于Lax的半经典理论谱，研究了在T=5 K条件下，压力对固氢掺锂体系锂原子吸收谱的影响。结果表明，随着压力的增加，锂原子吸收谱半宽逐渐增加，而吸收谱的质心谱移随压力的增加，先向高能方向移动，达到最高点以后，又向低能方向移动。对具有低对称性结构的俘获点，压力导致三体吸收谱劈裂为单峰加双峰吸收谱，而且单峰和双峰间的距离随压力升高而增加。     

Laser-Duration Dependence of Emission Properties of High-Order Harmonic Generation

Quantitative investigations are made for the laser-duration dependence of the emission properties of high-order harmonic generation （HHG）. HHG emission properties produced by few-cycle lasers show some useful characteristics. The cutoff energy is less than that by laser for infinite duration. The single energy distribution pulse decreases much faster than its duration as the laser duration grows. A two-cycle laser with carrier-envelope phase of 0° can produce a single distribution pulse peaked at the laser carrier phase 1.22 rad and spanned 1.18 rad with the cutoff energy 2.9Up ＋ Ip and a bandwidth 0.63Up, where Up is the ponderomotive potential of the laser field and Ip is the atomic ionization potential.     

FeMnNi合金冲击相变与卸载逆相变历程研究

采用VISAR测试技术,将正向加载和逆向加载实验相结合,研究了不同加载压力下FeMnNi合金的冲击相变和卸载逆相变历程.结果表明:冲击加载压力与冲击相变阈值之差小于逆相变阈值时,即0＜σp-σt＜σn,FeMnNi合金发生α→ε相变,加载段呈现弹性波、塑性波和相变波三波结构,塑性波在自由面反射稀疏波使FeMnNi合金完...     

Experimental Determination of the Radiative Correction Factor Δr and Phenomenological Analyses

In this paper the experimental value of radiative correction Δr was derived from the new data of sin ²θ_w and W boson mass M_w given by LEP,CDF and other collaborations.A careful comparison of (Δr)_exp with the standard model expectation was carried out.We first calculated the Δr at full one-loop level,and then the main two-loop contributions were included.More stringent upper bounds on M_t were obtained from the analysis of probability distribution:M_t175GeV at 95%C.L. for a given M_H=100GeV.The effects on N_t from other experimental and theoretical errors were also computed.     

Carrier-Envelope-Phase Dependence of Emission Properties of High-Order Harmonic Generation

The carrler-envelope-phase （CEP） dependence of the emission properties of high-order harmonic generation （HHG） are quantitatively investigated. Calculation shows that a two-cycle laser with CEP of 15° can produce a single energy distribution pulse peaked at 0.94 radian （tad） and spanned 1.29 tad with the cutoff energy 2.9Up ＋ Ip and a bandwidth 0.86Up （where Up is the ponderomotive potential of the laser field and Ip is the atomic ionization potential）. The CEP dependence of the energy and temporal localizations of the single distribution pulse show interesting 180° periodic structures. These characteristics may be useful in optimizing attosecond x-ray sources and measurements.     

KNN Based Lead-Free Piezoceramics with Improved Thermal Stability

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics （1 - x） （Na0.53K0.404 Li0.066）Nb0.92 Sb0.08 03 ＋xZrTiO3 are fabricated by conventional solid-state sintering method, and their dielectric and piezoelectric characteristics are investigated. With the addition of SrTiO3, the growth of the grain size is restrained, meanwhile the phase transition temperature of orthorhombic-tetragonal is shifted below room temperature. It is found that the ceramics with x = 0.010 exhibit excellent piezoelectric properties （d33 = 220 pC/N, kp = 41%, kt = 39%） and improved thermal stability around room temperature. The results indicate that these materials are promising lead-free piezoceramics for practical operations.     

A Modified Free Volume Model for Characterizing of Rate Effect in Bulk Metallic Glasses

We investigate the plastic deformation and constitutive behaviour of bulk metallic glasses （BMGs）. A dimensionless Deborah number DeiD = tr/ti is proposed to characterize the rate effect in BMGs, where tr is the structural relaxing characteristic time of BMGs under shear load, ti is the macroscopic imposed characteristic time of applied stress or the characteristic time of macroscopic deformation. The results demonstrate that the modified free volume model can characterize the strain rate effect in BMGs effectively.     

坡莫合金纳米粉的恒导磁性及其磁导率的压力、频率特性

 用蒸发冷凝法制备了Fe-50wt%Ni和Fe-84wt%Ni坡莫合金的纳米微粉。经透射电镜X光能谱微区成分分析证实：微粉的成分与原材料的一致；微粉的平均粒径分别为16 nm（Fe-50Ni）和19 nm（Fe-84Ni）。在室温和36个不同的流体静压力（0.000 1~2.205 GPa）下原位测量了它们的磁化和起始磁化曲线。结果表明：（1）Fe-50wt%Ni和Fe-84wt%Ni合金纳米微粉均具有恒导滋特性；（2）这两种纳米粉的起始磁导率随静水压的变化分别为μ_i=8.16+18.2p-24.7p²+18.1p³-6.55p⁴+0.908p⁵（Fe-50Ni合金）和μ_i=5.38-0.169p+0.232p²-0.0786p³（Fe-84Ni合金）；（3）纳米粉的起始磁导率μ_i在频率高于10 MHz才降低，而Fe-50Ni合金片的μ_i在频率高于1 MHz，Fe-84Ni高于100 kHz时就开始下降，故纳米压粉磁芯可应用的频率范围可以比相应组分合金片的大1~2个数量级。     

Training Effect and Hysteretic Behaviour of Angular Dependence of Exchange Bias in Co/IrMn Bilayers

The training effect and the hysteresis behaviour of the angular dependence of exchange bias are extensively investigated upon the variation of the IrMn layer thickness tXrMn in a series of Co/IrMn bilayers. When tIrMn is very small, both of them are negligible. Then they increase very sharply with increasing tUMn and then reach maxima at almost the same value OftXrMn. Finally they both decrease when tIrMn is further increased. The similar variation trends suggest that these phenomena arise from irreversible change of antiferromagnet spin orientations, according to the thermal activation model.     

CHARGE DISTRIBUTION IN THE 14.7MeV-NEUTRON-INDUCED FISSION OF 232Th: INDEPENDENT YIELDS OF ISOTOPES OF Rh,Ag, In AND Sb

The 12 cumulative yields and 7 independent yields in the symmetric region were determined in the fission of ²³²Th induced by 14.7MeV neutrons with nuclear chemistry techniques. The independent yields of the present work, along with the independent yields obtained in our previous work, were used to calculate the empirical Z_p values on the basis of a Gaussian charge distribution function with a σ of 0.56. A mean value of 0.49±0.25 for ΔZ(=Z_p—Z_UCD) is obtained from all Z_p values in the asymmetric region. Abnormal ΔZ values in the symmetric region seem to suggest that the width of charge distribution for symmetric splits is larger than the value of 0.56. The results show strongly in favor of the Two-Mode-Fission-Hypothesis.     

（Na0.52K0.44Li0.04）Nb0.9-xSbxTa0.1O3 Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics with High Performance and High Curie Temperature

（Na0.52K0.44Li0.04）Nb0.9-x Sbx Ta0.1O3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics are prepared by a solid-state reaction method. With increasing Sb content, the transition temperature from orthorhombic to tetragonal polymorphic phase decreased. A composition （Na0.52K0.44Li0.04）Nb0.863Sb0.037Ta0.1O3 is found to possess excellent piezo- electric and electromechanical performances （d33 = 306pC/N, kp =48%, and kt=50%）, and high Curie temperature （Tc = 320 ℃）. These results indicate that （Na0.52K0.44Li0.04）Nb0.863Sb0.037 Ta0.1O3 is a promising lead-free piezoceramics replacement for lead zirconate titanate.     

因瓦合金纳米微粉的恒磁导率及其压力、频率特性和压力相变

 以Fe-30wt%Ni合金片为母合金，用蒸发冷凝法制备了三种粗细不同的纳米微粒。经透射电镜和X光衍射物相分析，微粒成分与母合金一致。5T、5H和3K粉的平均粒度分别为13.6、27和40 mm。在室温和43~28个不同的流体静压力（0.000 1~2.205 GPa）下测量了它们的磁化曲线、磁导率曲线和起始磁化曲线。结果表明：（1）在H＝(20－132)(1000/4π)A/m范围内Fe-30Ni合金三种纳米粉均具有恒磁导率。（2）三种纳米粉恒磁导率随静水压的变化规律如下：μ_r＝3.83+0.253p-0.022 1p²-0.007 22p³（5T粉）；μ_r＝3.93+1.20p-1.97p²+1.52p³-0.510p⁴+0.059 9p⁵（5H粉）；μ_r＝5.96-0.276p+0.107p²-0.045 9p³（3K粉）。前两者随压力增加而升高。后者随压力增加而下降。（3）γ-α马氏体相变明显存在于5T、5H粉中，而3K粉中未见到。（4）Fe-30Ni合金片的μ_i从200kHz至2 MHz已下降一个数量级，而其纳米粉μ_i的频率范围高于300 MHz，增大两个数量级以上。     

Effects of Li Substitution and Sintering Temperature on Properties of Bi0.5（Na,K）0.5TiO3 Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics

Bi0.5 （Na0.72K0.28- x Lix ）0.5 TiO3 （BNKLT- 100x） lead-free piezoelectric ceramics are synthesized by conventional solid state sintering techniques. The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the BNKLT-100x ceramics as a function of Li content are systematically investigated. It is found that not only Li content but also the sintering temperature has a strong effect on the piezoelectric properties of BNKLT. The piezoelectric constant d33 Of BNKLT varies from 120 to 252pC/N in the Li content range from 0.03 to 0.16. In the sintering temperature range from 1080 to 1130℃, the d33 value of BNKLT-6 changes from 200pC/N to 252pC/N. The BNKLT-6 sample sintered at 1100℃ has the highest piezoelectric constant d33 of 252pC/N, with the electromechanical coupling factors kp of 0.32 and kt of 0.44.     

函数的H-导数和分形动力学

 给出了函数的Hausdorff测度与H-导数。从而，为开展自给的分形动力学提供了解析的数学工具。同时，给出了分形动力学的演化方程组并做了初步讨论与分析。     

Neutron Relativistic Phenomenological and Microscopic Optical Potentials

The experimental data of the neutron total cross section σ_t,nonelastic cross section σ_non and elastic scattering angular distribution σ_el(θ) for ten target nuclei ranging from ¹²C to ²³⁸U with incident energies E_n=20—1000MeV were used to optimize the relativistic phenomenological optical potential (RPOP) through automatic search of the best parameters by computer.In addition,a relativistic microscopic optical potential (RMOP) based on Walecka model were also used to analyze the same data and compare with the RPOP.
Through comparison between these two kinds of relativistic optical potential hints in improving both the RMOP and RPOP is indicated.     

TESTING GLUON DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION OF HADRONS IN LARGE PT PROCESS WITH DIRECT PHOTON EMISSION

In this paper we disscuse disscuse the physicsical aspect of cross-section differences Δ_AB^cγ=dσ(AB→cγX)-dσ(AB→cγX) and give the simple rules to select the elementary subprocesses which contribute to cross-section differences.
We bind a way to test the gluon distribution functions of hadrons through the measurement of cross-section difference or combination of cross-section differences in the large P_T process with direct photon emission. Moreover we obtain simple relations between each combination of cross-sections and the corresponding gluon distribution functions of proton, neutron, pion and daon:
G_p⁸(x)/(Δ_pp^hγ－Δ_pp^hγ)=G_n⁸(x)/(Δ_pp^hγ)=G_π⁸(x)/(Δ_π+p^hγ+Δ_π－p^hγ=G_K⁸(x)/(Δ_K+p^hγ+Δ_K－p^hγ)which are expected to be test in experiment.     

APPROXIMATE SEQUENCE FOR U（t,t0）-OPERATOR

We give an approximate sequence for U（t,t₀）-operator.We prove the follow-ing theorems:Theorem 1.If the norm ||H（t）|| of H（t）in equation（2.1）is a Lebesgue in-tegrable function with respect to t,then there is an approximate sequence{U_n},such that for any state vector |Φ〉,|Ψ〉,the sequence <Φ|U_1^|Ψ><Φ|U_2^|Ψ>,......,<Φ|U_n^|Ψ>,......is uniform convergent with respect to t.Theorem 2.If in finite time interval,the norm ||H（t）|| of H（t）in equation （2.1）is a Lebesgue integrable function,then equation（2.1）has unique solution.     

Study of Yields for Target Fragments From the Reaction of Iron With 80MeV/u 16O Ions

Produchon yields were determined for 25 abet fragments produced from the reaction of iron with 80 MeV/u ¹⁶O ions. From these data, charge distribution and mass yield distribution have been deduced. The experimental results are compared with those reported from our previous work. It is found that the width parameter σ_z and the most probable charge Z_p of the charge distribution increase slowly with increasing bombarding energy. The mass yield distribution is discussed in terms of the concepts of limiting fragmentation and factorization.