手性螺环配体的合成及其在不对称催化反应中的应用研究进展

手性螺环配体的合成及其在不对称催化反应中的应用是不对称合成和催化研究中重要的研究领域之一, 一些手性螺环配体被合成出来并成功地应用于不对称催化反应中. 综述了近十年来手性螺环配体的合成及在不对称催化反应中的应用研究进展.     

平面手性二茂铁的合成及其在不对称催化反应中应用 的最新进展

平面手性二茂铁由于其独特的立体结构和电子效应,在不对称催化反应中已成为一类优良的手性配体。合成高光学纯度的平面手性二茂铁已受到高度重视,将成为设计、合成手性配体研究以及应用中的热点之一。本文综述了近年来其合成方法及其在不对称催化反应中应用研究的进展。     

手性膦配体的合成及其在不对称催化反应中的应用研究进展

手性膦配体的合成及其在不对称催化反应中的应用一直是不对称有机合成和催 化研究中非常重要的研究领域，大量的单齿、双齿和多齿磷配体被合成出来并成功 地应用于不对称催化研究。综述了近十几年来手性磷配体的研究进展。     

面手性二芳基膦-噁唑啉配体的开发及其在不对称催化反应中的应用

膦-噁唑啉配体形成的催化剂具有出色的催化活性和对映选择性, 被广泛应用于各种不对称催化反应中. 具有面手性的膦-噁唑啉配体是其中重要的一类. 综述了面手性二芳基膦-噁唑啉配体的开发, 并按反应类型介绍了它们在不对称催化反应中的应用.     

P-手性膦配体促进的手性药物高效合成

发展高效实用的不对称催化反应对手性药物的简洁合成具有重要的意义,而手性配体和催化剂对于发展高效的不对称催化反应尤为关键.综述了基于苯并氧杂膦烷结构的P-手性单膦和双膦配体的设计理念以及它们在手性药物合成中的应用.这类配体具有P-手性、刚性,大位阻和富电子等结构特征,物理化学性质稳定,并且易于衍生化,在过渡金属催化的不对称氢化、偶联、环化和加成反应中表现出优异的催化性能.这些不对称催化反应的发展促进了一系列重要药物分子的高效不对称合成.     

碳水化合物含磷配体在不对称催化中的应用*

糖类化合物价廉易得,具有天然手性结构,糖环上的多个羟基经过修饰,可以连接多种官能团。近年来手性糖类化合物的合成与应用研究引起了人们的广泛关注,尤其是在不对称合成和催化中的应用研究已成为有机化学中非常活跃的领域。碳水化合物含磷手性配体在不对称催化反应中的应用研究进展十分迅速,本文综述了近年来碳水化合物含磷手性配体与金属形成络合物作为催化剂,在不对称催化氢化、不对称烯丙位取代和不对称氢甲酰化等反应中的研究进展。     

手性环戊二烯配体及其金属配合物的合成研究进展

环戊二烯基负离子能与金属形成稳定的配合物,在金属催化反应中有着广泛的应用.随着不对称催化反应的快速发展,一系列具有不同骨架的手性环戊二烯配体被相继报道.与此同时,相应的金属配合物也被广泛应用于不对称金属催化反应中.本文综述了手性环戊二烯配体及其金属配合物的合成研究,介绍了手性环戊二烯金属配合物在不对称C–H键官能团化反应中的应用,同时探讨了该领域当前研究所面临的机遇与挑战.     

手性三元铜(Ⅱ)配合物的制备及其在菊酸不对称合成中的应用

手性金属配合物催化剂在不对称合成中占有重要地位^[1-3]。在该类催化剂参与的不对称催化反应中,配合物中手性配体是催化反应立体选择性优劣的关键^[4,5]。为了改进该类催化剂的性能,主要对手性配体进行过化学修饰。目前合成的手性催化剂几乎都是由同一种手性配体和一种金属离子组成的二元配合物,且高效者并不多.文献[6]曾提到有关手性三元配合物(亦称手性混合配体配合物)。在不对称催化中应用的可能性,但未见具体报道。本文以中性含氮配体和含氧酸与铜(Ⅱ)配位合成了一类手性三元铜(Ⅱ)配合物及其在不对称合成菊酸中的催化性能。     

非对称杂化的手性膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体在不对称催化反应中的应用进展

非对称杂化的手性膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体因其合成简便、易于调控、结构稳定等优点,被广泛应用于不对称催化反应中,如:不对称氢化、不对称氢甲酰化、不对称烯丙基烷基化、不对称氢膦酰化、不对称[3+2]-环加成、不对称1,4-加成和1,4-还原反应等.综述了手性膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体的种类、合成及其在不对称催化反应中的应用.     

手性亚磷酰胺配体及其在不对称催化中的应用

由于结构稳定、合成简便、修饰容易、效果独特等优点,手性亚磷酰胺配体在近十几年得到了迅速的发展,大量基于不同骨架的配体被开发出来,并被成功地应用于多种不对称催化反应中.主要综述了该类配体在不对称共轭加成和烯丙基取代反应中的研究进展,同时也简单介绍了该类配体在其它不对称催化反应中的最新应用.     

Planar Chiral Ligands:Design and Applications in Asymmetric Synthesis

Chiral ligands play an important role in asymmetric synthesis. Among them the ligands having planar chirality attract more interesting of organic chemists because of their unique structure. Recently, some new types of planar chiral ligands, including 1,1'-disubstituted ferrocene 1, bis(ferrocene carboxylic)diaminocyclohexane 2, and benzylic substituted cyclophane 3, are synthesized (Scheme 1)^[1]. These chiral ligands have been successfully used in asymmetric allylic alkylation, Heck reaction, etc. The role of planar chirality in asymmetric induction by using NMR and X-ray are also studied.     

Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylation of 1,3-dienes

Advances in the palladium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylation of 1,3-dienes are presented according to substrate types and chiral monophosphine ligands. Chiral monodentate phosphine ligands with a binaphthyl moiety have been proven to be the most efficient ligands for cyclic 1,3-dienes, and planar chiral ferrocenylmonophosphine ligands with two ferrocenyl moieties for linear 1,3-dienes. The ferrocenylmonophosphine ligands have expanded the substrate scope to 1,3-enynes in the asymmetric hydrosilylation. Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylation of 1,3-dienes and 1,3-enynes leads to the stereoselective synthesis of allylsilanes and allenylsilanes, respectively.     

Synthesis of new planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane Schiff base ligands and their application in the asymmetric Henry reaction

A series of new planar and central chiral ligands based on [2.2]paracyclophane backbones were designed and prepared from enantiomerically pure 4-amino-13-bromo[2.2]paracyclophane and commercially available chiral amino alcohols. Their application in a copper-catalyzed asymmetric Henry reaction resulted in secondary alcohols with high yield and excellent selectivity for active aldehydes (up to 94% ee). This is a successful example of employing planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane ligands in copper-catalyzed reaction.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of rac-N,N-Dimethyl-1- ferrocenylethylamine Hydrochloride

Ferrocene with planar chirality are of increasing importance in the synthesis of chiral ligands used in asymmetric catalysis and asymmetric synthesis.[1～3] To prepare Ugi type of chiral base, the most common method is the resolution of rac-N,N-dimethyl- 1-ferrocenylethylamine (1).     

Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of ferrocenes and P-stereogenic bisphosphines

The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of planar chiral ferrocenes and P-stereogenic phosphines and bisphosphines (important classes of chiral ligands for metal-catalyzed asymmetric processes) is successfully demonstrated using n-BuLi or s-BuLi in combination with substoichiometric quantities (0.1-0.5 equiv) of (-)-sparteine or the (+)-sparteine surrogate.     

Synthesis of planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane Schiff bases for the enantioselective Henry reaction

A series of diastereomerically pure Schiff base ligands based on [2.2]paracyclophane backbones were synthesized and separated. The new planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane Schiff bases were used as ligands in Cu-catalyzed asymmetric Henry reactions with high yields and enantioselectivities.     

Highly enantioselective Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylation using new chiral ferrocenylphosphinoimidazolidine ligands

New ferrocenylphosphinoimidazolidines containing central chirality and planar chirality were found to act as highly effective chiral ligands in Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation of 1,3-diphenyl-2-propenyl acetate with dimethyl malonate.     

Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of a new class of CyPHOX ligands

Four newly designed CyPHOX ligands with chiral cyclohexane scaffold replacing the previous planar aryl group of PHOX ligands, were efficiently prepared. The synthesis features a kinetically controlled asymmetric phos-Michael reactions of trisubstituted cyclic carboxylates, which is quite simple, reliable and scalable.     

Diastereoselective ortho-lithiation of [5]ferrocenophanes

Planarly chiral ferrocene derivatives with bridged cyclopentadienyl rings are interesting ligands in asymmetric catalysis. A planar stereogenic unit is conveniently introduced by diastereoselective ortho-lithiation. The directed lithiation of several [5]ferrocenophane derivatives followed by quenching with chlorodiphenylphosphane led to planarly chiral ligands. The sense of diastereoselection was studied by computational methods. Absolute configuration of methoxy phosphane was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction study.     

Synthesis of new alkoxy/sulfonate-substituted carbene precursors derived from [2.2]paracyclophane and their application in the asymmetric arylation of aldehydes

A series of novel planar chiral alkoxy/sulfonate-substituted carbene precursors have been designed and synthesized. They were used as N-heterocyclic carbene ligands in the Rh-catalyzed asymmetric addition of arylboronic acids to aromatic aldehydes, affording chiral diarylmethanols with high yields and moderate enantioselectivities.