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“教、学、评”一体化是确保化学学科核心素养课程顺利实施的重要举措。如何基于课程标准进行“教、学、评”一体化目标设计是当前化学教育理论与实践研究所共同关注的课题。引进国际科学教育领域中学习表现性目标理念,基于整合式化学学科核心素养视角,采用结构中心设计原则和证据中心设计原则作为设计方法论,构建了基于课程标准的化学学习表现性目标设计框架。并以“2.2 氧化还原反应”专题为例,阐述该专题下化学学习表现性目标的设计过程以及基于该目标的“教、学、评”一体化的活动设计,以期对基于化学学科核心素养的课堂教学与评价研究和实践提供新视角和思路。 相似文献
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化学教师化学建模能力水平的高低直接影响着所培养学生建模能力的强弱。基于Rasch模型从模型表征能力、模型建构能力、模型应用能力3个维度开发四水平测查的《职前化学教师化学建模能力问卷调查》,对83名职前化学教师的化学建模能力进行测评,研究发现:被调查的职前化学教师化学建模能力总体较差,参照《普通高中化学课程标准(2017年版)》对化学建模能力的具体要求,分别仅有88%、42%、54%的职前化学教师的模型表征能力、模型建构能力、模型应用能力达标。因此,建议高等师范院校加强对职前化学教师化学建模能力的培养。 相似文献
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以“学生为中心,教师为主导;理论为基础,实践为主线;育人为目的,能力为目标”作为基本原则,建立一种适应当代新工科建设的“计算化学与应用”新教学模式。形成优化的课程教学体系和科学有效的考核评价方法。通过“理论与实践、基础与前沿、学习与研究”相融合的教学组织模式,全面提升学生的研究能力和创新能力。所设计的新教学模式将计算机、化学、工程等多学科进行交叉和融合,凸显新工科特色。建立了符合新工科建设需求的创新型高素质人才培养模式,课程改革和建设取得了显著成效。 相似文献
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科学探究是化学学科核心素养之一,而探究性试题是检验学生探究能力及思维品质的重要方式。按照科学探究的过程,结合现有的纸笔考试形式,可将探究性试题中的探究要素分为提出问题、猜想与假设、制定计划、进行验证、获取证据、解释与结论、反思与评价、迁移与应用等几个方面。命制化学探究性试题时,要根据化学学科核心素养的培养目标,科学、灵活地设计探究环节中的各要素,有效提升探究性试题的考查功效。 相似文献
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教学目标源于课程标准、评估设计先于教学设计、教学全程指向学生学习结果的“基于课程标准的教学”是新课程改革的必然转向。现以弱电解质的电离平衡教学为例,对基于课程标准的化学课堂教学进行探讨。 相似文献
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用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%. 相似文献
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Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields. 相似文献
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Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction
Laurent Gavara Thomas Boisse Jean-Pierre Hénichart Adam Daïch Philippe Gautret 《Tetrahedron》2010,66(38):7544-5571
In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments. 相似文献
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The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula. 相似文献
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KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields. 相似文献
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Rebecca J. Burton Mandy L. CrowtherNeal J. Fazakerley Shaun M. FilleryBarry M. Hayter Jason G. KettleCaroline A. McMillan Paula PerkinsPeter Robins Peter M. SmithEmma J. Williams Gail L. Wrigley 《Tetrahedron letters》2013
The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines. 相似文献
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N. A. Nedolya 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》2008,44(10):1165-1219
The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff
at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry
of Heterocyclic Compounds.
Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee.
Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008. 相似文献
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A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL. 相似文献
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Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp3)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products. 相似文献
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A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions. 相似文献