Molecular Structure of PrBr3 and HoBr3 According to Simultaneous Electron Diffraction and Mass Spectrometry Experiment

The saturated vapors of praseodymium and holmium tribromides were investigated for the first time by electron diffraction with mass spectral monitoring at 1100(10) and 991(10) K. It is established that the molecules have a pyramidal effective configuration with bond angles Br–Pr–Br = 114.7(10)° and Br–Ho–Br = 115.3(11)°. Given the low deformation vibration frequencies of lanthanide tribromide molecules, the insignificant pyramidality of the r_g configuration may correspond to the planar equilibrium geometry of D_3h symmetry for the molecules. The internuclear distances r_g(Pr–Br) = 2.696(6) and r_g(Ho–Br) = 2.594(5) point to the lanthanide compression effect. The vibration frequencies of PrBr₃ and HoBr₃ molecules were estimated from electron diffraction data.     

Crystal Structure of LiRh-type IrZn Determined by Powder X-ray and Selected Area Electron Diffraction

The LiRh-type crystal structure of the equiatomic intermetallic compound IrZn turns out to be a competitor to the otherwise energetically favored CsCl-type structures of congeneric transition metal zinc phases, thus enlightening the structural impact of element-specific factors beyond the Hume-Rothery concept.     

Cellular Synthesis and X-ray Crystal Structure of a Designed Protein Heterocatenane

Herein, we report the biosynthesis of protein heterocatenanes using a programmed sequence of multiple post-translational processing events including intramolecular chain entanglement, in situ backbone cleavage, and spontaneous cyclization. The approach is general, autonomous, and can obviate the need for any additional enzymes. The catenane topology was convincingly proven using a combination of SDS-PAGE, LC-MS, size exclusion chromatography, controlled proteolytic digestion, and protein crystallography. The X-ray crystal structure clearly shows two mechanically interlocked protein rings with intact folded domains. It opens new avenues in the nascent field of protein-topology engineering.     

两类大戟二萜的高分辨ESI-MS/MS质谱裂解规律及诊断离子解析

采用高分辨电喷雾串联质谱技术研究了15种大戟二萜的二级质谱裂解行为,总结了这些化合物的基本裂解规律并归纳了其诊断离子。所研究的二萜均为多酯类化合物,根据其二萜骨架的不同分为曼西烷型(化合物1～9)和前曼西烷型(化合物10～15)。研究结果发现,这些化合物先断裂酰氧基和/或脱水等得到二萜骨架离子,接着在骨架上发生裂解生成一系列特征的诊断离子,这些离子集中在m/z 200～320区域。化合物1～7的骨架离子为m/z 311(离子A)和m/z 293(离子B),化合物8～9的骨架离子为m/z 295(离子C)和m/z277(离子D),而化合物10～15的骨架离子为m/z 313(离子E)和m/z 295(离子F)。根据这些关键的诊断离子可以鉴别化合物的结构类型。此外,关键诊断离子丢失H₂O、HCHO、CO、C₃H₄和/或丙酮等中性分子,可分别证明前体离子存在羟基、四氢呋喃环、羰基、异丙烯基和/或CH₃C(OH)CH₃片段或官能团。上述诊断离子和特征的中性丢失既可表征这些化合物的化学结...     

X射线晶体学结合电子晶体学在复杂无机晶体结构解析中的应用

自然界中的材料,比如无机材料,有机材料,生物材料等等,均有其独特的物理和化学性质。而材料的性能又与材料的结构息息相关,只有充分了解了材料的结构,才能更加深入的研究材料性质。因此,材料结构的确定在化学、物理、生物等学科中的显得尤为重要。X射线晶体学作为传统的结构解析技术仍然是目前最重要的结构解析手段,但是对于复杂结构,X射线衍射晶体学解析结构也存在一些不足,往往需要其他技术手段相补充才能完成复杂结构的结构解析。电子晶体学虽然起步比X射线晶体学晚,但是,经过近几十年的发展,已经是结构解析领域一个非常重要的手段。本文将主要介绍X射线晶体学结合电子晶体学在复杂无机晶体结构解析中的应用。     

双三烃基锡1,1′-二茂铁二甲酸盐的合成及晶体结构

合成了１３个新的双三烃基锡１,１'－二茂铁二甲酸衍生物,并进行了化合物的波谱表征．Ｃｙ２ＭｅｓｎＯＯＣＦｃＣＯＯＳｎＭｅＣｙ２的Ｘ射线衍射单晶结构测定表明,其结构为单斜晶系,Ｆｄｄ２空间群,晶胞参数:α＝１．８７３ ５(４)ｎｍ,ｂ＝３．５９３ ０(７)ｎｍ,ｃ＝１．１１２ ２(２)ｎｍ;α＝β＝γ＝９０．００(０)°;Ｖ７．４８７(４)ｎｍ３;Ｚ＝８;Ｆ(０００)＝３ ５５２;最终可靠因子Ｒｔ＝０．０４８,Ｒｗ＝０．０５４．为五配位轻微畸变的三角双锥的线性聚合结构化合物．     

Top-Down LESA Mass Spectrometry Protein Analysis of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

We have previously shown that liquid extraction surface analysis (LESA) mass spectrometry (MS) is a technique suitable for the top-down analysis of proteins directly from intact colonies of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli K-12. Here we extend the application of LESA MS to Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS1054 and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus MSSA476, as well as two strains of E. coli (K-12 and BL21 mCherry) and an unknown species of Staphylococcus. Moreover, we demonstrate the discrimination between three species of Gram-positive Streptococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae D39, and the viridans group Streptococcus oralis ATCC 35037 and Streptococcus gordonii ATCC35105), a recognized challenge for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight MS. A range of the proteins detected were selected for top-down LESA MS/MS. Thirty-nine proteins were identified by top-down LESA MS/MS, including 16 proteins that have not previously been observed by any other technique. The potential of LESA MS for classification and characterization of novel species is illustrated by the de novo sequencing of a new protein from the unknown species of Staphylococcus.

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Laserspray and Matrix-Assisted Ionization Inlet Coupled to High-Field FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry for Peptide and Protein Analysis

We present the first coupling of laser spray ionization inlet (LSII) and matrix assisted ionization inlet (MAII) to high-field Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) for generation of electrospray-like ions to take advantage of increased sensitivity, mass range, and mass resolving power afforded by multiple charging. We apply the technique to top-down protein analysis and characterization of metalloproteins. We also present a novel method for generation of multiply-charged copper–peptide complexes with varying degrees of copper adduction by LSII. We show an application of the generated copper–peptide complexes for protein charge state and molecular weight determination, particularly useful for an instrument such as a linear ion trap mass analyzer.      

重组人FK506结合蛋白12的基体辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱分析

用MALDI－TOF－MS测定了具有生物活性的重组人FK506结合蛋白12(rhFKBP12)的分子量和胰蛋白酶酶解的肽质量指纹谱,实验测定结果与理论计算值一致。证明其一级结构是正确的,在表达、复性和纯化过程中没有氨基酸的丢失、变异和修饰。     

Applications of Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) in Protein Analysis for Biomedical Research

Mass Spectrometry (MS) allows the analysis of proteins and peptides through a variety of methods, such as Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) or Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-MS). These methods allow identification of the mass of a protein or a peptide as intact molecules or the identification of a protein through peptide-mass fingerprinting generated upon enzymatic digestion. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) allows the fragmentation of proteins and peptides to determine the amino acid sequence of proteins (top-down and middle-down proteomics) and peptides (bottom-up proteomics). Furthermore, tandem mass spectrometry also allows the identification of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins and peptides. Here, we discuss the application of MS/MS in biomedical research, indicating specific examples for the identification of proteins or peptides and their PTMs as relevant biomarkers for diagnostic and therapy.     

质谱技术在神经多肽酶结构与功能研究中的应用

分子神经科学是本世纪生命科学中最有挑战性和前瞻性学科之一。信号传导与催化多肽的神经多肽酶有着密切的联系。本文以海兔等软体动物为素材,综述近年来采用质谱和高效液相色谱技术研究中枢神经系统多肽酶结构与功能的进展。     

X-ray Diffraction Analysis of the Structure of 3-Nicotinehydroxamic Acid and Pyrazinecarbohydroxamic Acid Monohydrate

X-ray diffraction analysis of the crystal structure of 3-nicotine- and pyrazinecarbohydroxamic acids revealed that the molecules were present in keto tautomeric form and possessed Z-configuration. The system of the intermolecular hydrogen bonds is the most affected by the character of the aromatic substituent and the presence of crystallization water molecules in the structure.     

Unusual Fragmentation of Peptide and Protein in Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/lonization Mass Spectrometry

Unusual amine - bond fragmentation on the peptide/protein backbone has been reported using matrix - assisted laser desorption/ionization time - of- flight mass spectrometry (MALDI - TOFMS)The amine - bond cleavage occurred without metastable decay, while the peptide - bond cleavage occurred with metastable decay of peptide ions in a drift region of TOF mass analyzer. It was presumed that the amine - bond cleavage occurred as a non - ergodic process independent of the ionization under MALDI conditions.     

马钱子中两种微量生物碱异构体的电喷雾多级串联质谱分析

采用电喷雾多级串联质谱方法, 通过分子量和多级串联质谱的信息对马钱子总生物碱提取物中微量生物碱异构体伪士的宁、士的宁氮氧化物进行了分析研究; 并研究了异构体质谱碎裂规律与结构之间的关系. 建立了马钱子中生物碱同分异构体区分的简便、快速、灵敏的新方法.     

X-ray and DFT Crystal Structure Determination and Conformational Analysis of a Pyrethroid Compound

The structure of （E）-N-[（E）-3-[（lR,2R）-2-（3,4-dibromo-phenyl）-l-fluro-cyclopropyl]- allylidene]-2-0-tolyl-acetamide （C21HIsONFBrz, Mr = 479.18） has been determined by X-ray single- crystal diffraction and theoretical calculations to establish the configuration, stereochemistry and a stable conformation of the molecule. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, a = 28.3452（10）, b = 4.9311（10）, c = 14.257（2） A, fl = 102.7654（10）, V = 1943.5（5） A3 and Z = 4. The structure has been refined to the final R = 0.05 for the observed structure factors with 1 〉 30（/）. Theoretical calculations in the ground state have been carried out for the compound studied using the Hartree-Fock （HF） and density functional theory （DFT） （B3LYP） with 6-31G（d,p） basis sets. The results show that the studied compound prefers the keto form. The compound involves intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonding of C-H.-.O and C-H-..F types, which further stabilize the structure and display a trans configuration for the C=N and C=C double bonds. The calculated results show that the predicted geometry can well reproduce the structural parameters.     

Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry to Phase Analysis of Gold in Gold Ores

Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry/mass spectrometry (ICP-AES/MS) is a potentially powerful tool in chemical phase analysis of gold in batch mode, especially applicable to the low-grade gold ores with gold content of far below detection limit of the other methods, but it has not been used in gold phase analysis of gold ores. In this work, three types of typical gold deposits (altered rock type, quartz vein type, and microscopic disseminated type) and national standard reference materials of gold ores were used to establish and validate a method for gold phase analysis of gold ores using ICP-AES/MS. The optimum conditions of phase analysis were determined, including the sample granularity and preparation procedures, separation absorbent, pretreatment procedures of various phases of gold and optimized instrument parameters. Evaluation of the optimized method showed that this method had acceptable precision (RSD: 1.1%–10.6%) and accuracy (relative error, RE: 0.5%–6.3%), and the detection results of gold in ores were comparable with those obtained using the hydroquinone volumetric method-extraction flame atomic absorption spectrometry (VOL-AAS) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) methods. The sum content of gold of the 4 phases (free gold, F_Au; linked gold, L_Au; sulphide-bearing gold, S_Au; and other mineral-bearing gold, A_Au) conformed to the total gold content and was consistent with the results of rock-mineral identification. The proposed method had a low detection limit (0.30 ng g^–1) and wide linear range (5.0 ng mL^–1–20.00 μg mL^–1). It is a simple, rapid, and efficient method for gold phase analysis in batch form.     

An Open Data Format for Visualization and Analysis of Cross-Linked Mass Spectrometry Results

Protein–protein interactions are an important element in the understanding of protein function, and chemical cross-linking shotgun mass spectrometry is rapidly becoming a routine approach to identify these specific interfaces and topographical interactions. Protein cross-link data analysis is aided by dozens of algorithm choices, but hindered by a lack of a common format for representing results. Consequently, interoperability between algorithms and pipelines utilizing chemical cross-linking remains a challenge. pepXML is an open, widely-used format for representing spectral search algorithm results that has facilitated information exchange and pipeline development for typical shotgun mass spectrometry analyses. We describe an extension of this format to incorporate cross-linking spectral search results. We demonstrate application of the extension by representing results of multiple cross-linking search algorithms. In addition, we demonstrate adapting existing pepXML-supporting software pipelines to analyze protein cross-linking results formatted in pepXML.

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基体辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱和热裂解色谱/质谱研究聚酯型聚氨酯链结构

聚酯型聚氨酯样品用基体辅助激光裂解离子化质谱(MALDI-TOF/MS)和热裂解色谱质谱(PYGC/MS)方法进行了鉴定,PYGV/MS方法可检出PU的一些组成单元的化学结构,但PYGC/MS中大多数的峰,无法从常规的标准化合物的质谱数据库中检索到,而MALDI-MS方法,可明确测出PU试样各种单元的组合、聚合度及PU长链的序列分布,质量数范围可达2300.     

基体辅助激光解吸电离飞行时时质谱和热裂解色谱/质谱研究聚酯型聚氨酯链结构

聚酯型聚氨酯样品用基体辅助激光裂解离子化质谱（ＭＡＬＤＩ－ＴＯＦ／ＭＳ）和热裂解色谱质谱（ＰＹＧＣ／ＭＳ）方法进行了鉴定,ＰＹＧＣ／ＭＳ方法可检出ＰＵ的一些组成单元的化学结构,但ＰＹＧＣＩＭＳ中大多数的峰,无法从常规的标准化合物的质谱数据库中检索到,而ＭＡＬＤＩ－ＭＳ方法,可明确测出ＰＵ试样各种单元的组合、聚合度及ＰＵ长链的序列分布,质量数范围可达2300.