The monoterpenes of the essential oils of coniferous trees of Siberia

Summary 1. The essential oils of some coniferous Siberian trees isolated under industrial conditions have been investigated.2. The physicochemical characteristics and group compositions of the essential oils have been determined.3. The substance compositions of the monoterpene hydrocarbons have been determined by the GLC method.Siberian Technological Institute, Krasnoyarsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, N. 6, pp. 784–786, November–December, 1977.     

An investigation by gas liquid chromatography into the composition of the essential oils of some Siberian conifers

Summary Eighteen monoterpene hydrocarbons have been isolated from the essential oils of Siberian species of cedar, larch, and fir. Fourteen components have been identified by gas-liquid chromatography.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 1, No. 6, pp. 382–384, 1965.     

Triterpenoids from Abies species. IV. New triterpene acids from the needles of Abies sibirica

Four new triterpene acids of the mariesiic acid series have been isolated from an extract of the needles of the Siberian fir in the form of their methyl esters, and their structures have been established on the basis of chemical transformations, spectral characteristics, and x-ray structural analysis.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, USSR Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 824–831, November–December, 1987.     

Triterpenoids from Abies species

Three new triterpenoid acids have been isolated from an ethereal extract of Siberian fir needles, and the structures of their methyl esters have been established on the basis of spectral characteristics.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, USSR Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 212–219, March–April, 1989.     

Triterpenoids from Abies species VII. New lanostane lactones from Siberian fir needles

Two new lanostane lactones have been isolated from the neutral fraction of an ethereal extract of Siberian fir needles by chromatography, and their structures have been established on the basis of their spectral characteristics and chemical transformations.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, USSR Academy of Sciences. S. M. Kirov Leningrad Academy of Wood Technology. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 207–212, March–April, 1989.     

Intraspecies chemical variability of the essential oil of Ledum palustre

The compositions of the essential oils of marsh tea,Ledum palustre L., from the southern regions of Tomsk, Transbaikalia and Amur province, and also from the southern part of the island of Sakhalin have been analyzed in detail. The results obtained indicate the sharply pronounced intraspecies chemical variability of this plant. In addition to the chemotype of march tea with myrcene as a macrocomponent which is widely distributed in the European part of the USSR, another three chemotypes with the macrocomponents limonene, sabinen, and p-cymene have been revealed.Tomsk State Medical Institute. Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 472–480, July–August, 1990.     

Chemical investigation ofHippopha? rhamnoides. II. Main components of the neutral reaction of the saponification products of an extract of the leaves of the sea buckthorn

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral fraction of the products of the saponification of a diethyl ether extract of a sea buckthorn leaves have been investigated. Fourteen triterpene compounds and eight aliphatic alcohols have been identified from the results of GLC, CMS, and PMR and also from their melting points.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Novosibirsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 514–519, July–August, 1985.     

Composition of the triacylglycerols of the phloem of Larix sibirica

The annual dynamics of the amount of acylglycerols in the phloem of the Siberian larch has been established. It has been shown that, depending on the phenological state of the wood their amount varies between 0.192 and 1.435%. The triacylglycerols of the phloem form the bulk of the acylglycerols of this tissue over the whole of the annual cycle. The stereovariety composition of the triacylglycerls of the phloem has been studied by the method of stereospecific analysis. It has been established that they have an asymmetric structure. The bulk of them contains acylglycerols in the molecules of which the sn-2 positions are acylated by unsaturated acids.Siberian Technological Institute, Krasnoyarsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 154–158, March–April, 1986.     

Glycolipids of the woody verdure ofLarix sibirica

The compositions of the glycolipids of the main fractions of the woody verdure of the Siberian larch — needles and shoots — have been studied. The dynamics of the amounts of individual glycolipids in the course of vegetation have been established. The qualitative and quantitativae compositions of the fatty acids of the total glycolipids of the needles and shoots have been determined.Siberian Technological Institute, 660049, Krasnoyarsk, Prospekt Mira, 82. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 183–187, March–April, 1994.     

Terpenoids of the essential oil ofLedum hypoleucum

The chemical composition of the terpenoids of the essential oil ofLedum hypoleucum growing in the Far East has been studied. It differs fromL. palustre by a larger amount of compounds of the bisabolane series in the essential oil. Among the monoterpenoids, p-cymene, -phellandrene, and ascaridole predominate. The main components of the sesquiterpenoids are ar-curcumene and ar-turmerone, now found for the first time inLedum essential oils.Tomsk State Medical Institute. Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 104–107, January–February, 1987.     

Seasonal change in the essential oil ofLarix sibirica

Information is given on the qualitative and quantitative changes in the essential oil from the woody verdure of the Siberian larch. It has been established that during the vegetation period not only does the amount of essential oil in the woody verdure of the Siberian larch change but so also does the ratio of its individual components.Siberian Technological Institute, Krasnoyarsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 51–54, January–February, 1982.     

Oils of the seeds of nine species of the genusCrambe

Summary The physicochemical properties of the oils of nine species of the genusCrambe have been studied and their fatty-acid compositions have been determined. The fatty acids of the oils contain not less than 20% of erucic acid. Its highest amounts are found in the oils ofC. abyssinica andC. pinnatifida — 57.01 and 47.37%, respectively.Zaporozh'e Medical Institute. Ukrainian Branch of the All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of the Oil and Fats Industry, Zaporozh'e. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 18–20, January–February, 1977.     

Polyprenols and dolichols from the needles, needle-free shoots, and bark ofPinus sibirica

The presence of bioregulators of animal organisms — dolichols — has been established in the needles, needle-free shoots, and bark of the Siberian stone pine. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the mixtures of the isoprenologues and polyprenols have been established by the HPLC method. In addition, known diterpene alcohols ((E,E,E)-geranylgeraniol and labd-8(17),13E-dien-15-ol) esterified with higher fatty acids have been identified in the bark.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 729–733, November–December, 1994.     

Triterpenoids from Abies sp. IX. Triterpene lactones from Abies sibirica bark

Four lanostane lactones have been isolated from an ethereal extract of Siberian fir bark — abieslactone and its hydroxy and keto analogs, and also (25R)-24,25-dihydroabieslactone, the structure of which was established on the basis of a chemical and spectral correlation with known compounds.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, USSR Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 220–225, March–April, 1989.     

The mechanism of the formation of quinonic acids in the oxidation of the bark of the Siberian larch. I

Summary 1. It has been established that in the reaction of Siberian larch bark with atmospheric oxygen in nitric acid, the hemicelluloses and the phenolic complex are oxidized most readily.2. The phenolic acids are decomposed almost completely. The considerable yield of oxalic acid shows a degradation of their aromatic nucleus during oxidation.3. In the oxidation of the bark lignin the cleavage of the lignin macromolecule to the final products does not take place directly. During oxidation an intermediate product with a quinoid system of bonds is formed in considerable amounts, and this then undergoes fragmentation as the result of the oxidative-hydrolytic action of the medium.Siberian Technological Institute, Krasnoyarsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 403–409, May–June, 1977.     

Identification of prostaglandins E (series 1 and 2) isolated from the living tissues ofLarix sibirica andPopulus balzamifera

Prostaglandins E₁ and E₂ have been isolated for the first time from living tissues of the Siberian larch and the southern pine. The crude extract was purified by column and preparative thin-layer chromatography. The PGEs were identified by TLC and GLC, by UV and IR spectroscopy, and by chromato-mass spectrometry.Siberian Technological Institute, Krasnoyarsk, Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 567–571, September–October, 1984.     

The chemical composition of the essential oil of the larch

Summary The essential oils of various species of larch have been separated by gas-liquid chromatography under conditions of linear temperature programming.Of the 45 compounds present in each of the essential oils, 32 components have been identified, 16 of which have not previously been found in larch essential oil.The chemical compositions of the oxygen-containing and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons of four species and one variety of larch have been studied. It has been shown that there is no quantitative difference between the compositions of the individual species of larch and only their quantitative compositions differ.Voronezh Institute of Wood Technology. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 456–462, July–August, 1976.     

Development of a method for the quantitative determination of chamazulene in the essential oil ofArtemisia jacutica

Siberian Medical University, Siberian. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 506–507, May–June, 1995. Original article submitted December 27, 1993.