四波混频在长距离相干光纤传输中的影响

本文研究光纤非线性现象之一的四波混频对长距离相干多路光纤传输系统的影响.通过对一条长度为550km,采用9个掺铒光纤放大器的频分复用系统的实验,清楚地观察到了四波混频这一光纤非线性.实验的结果符合对四波混频的理论分析与计算.结果表明:对信息容量在每秒10~9bit数量级,采用常规的不归零码作信号方式的多路传输,光纤中的四波混频现象将严重地影响其传输性能.     

石墨烯中热脉冲传播的分子动力学研究

基于非平衡分子动力学方法,模拟研究了梯形、三角形和矩形热脉冲在石墨烯中的传播过程和规律。三种类型的温度脉冲采用直接速度修正法,通过调整对控温区原子施加的温度增量来实现。结果表明,热扰动在石墨烯中以有限的速度传播,并表现出明显的波动传递特征。热扰动在传播过程中激发出两道以不同速度传递的行波,一道波具有宏观动量,波速等于石墨烯声子群速度,为声波;另一道波是无宏观动量的热量的传播,波速是声速的1/3~(1/2),为热波。研究还发现,热脉冲形状对热波现象的产生以及声波、热波的传播速度没有影响,但对其峰值温度影响显著。     

四阶色散非线性薛定谔方程的明暗孤立波和怪波的形成机制

本文研究了四阶色散非线性薛定谔方程的明暗孤立波和怪波的形成机制,该模型既可以模拟高速光纤传输系统中超短脉冲的非线性传输和相互作用,又可以描述具有八极与偶极相互作用的一维海森堡铁磁链的非线性自旋激发现象.本文首先通过对四阶色散非线性薛定谔方程的相平面分析,发现由其约化得到的二维平面自治系统具有同宿轨道和异宿轨道,并在相应条件下求得了方程的明孤立波解和暗孤立波解,从而揭示了同异宿轨道和孤立波解的对应关系;其次,基于非零背景平面上的精确一阶呼吸子解,给出了呼吸子的群速度和相速度的显式表达式,进而分析得出呼吸子的速度存在跳跃现象.最后,为了验证在跳跃点处呼吸子可以转化为怪波,将呼吸子解在速度跳跃条件下取极限获得了一阶怪波解,从而证实怪波的产生与呼吸子速度的不连续性有关.     

双变形镜双哈特曼-夏克传感器耦合校正系统

双脉冲双向传输放大构型是一种在惯性约束聚变激光驱动器领域具有极大应用价值的新型多程放大技术。针对变形镜代替腔镜对双向传输放大构型两束脉冲波前畸变进行补偿的问题,通过将两束脉冲波前先拼接再补偿的方法,研究出了一种基于双变形镜双哈特曼-夏克传感器耦合控制的新型波前校正技术,并利用神光-Ⅲ主机装置的实测数据进行了模拟验证。结果表明,该技术能够有效控制两束激光传输放大过程中所引入的波前畸变,满足系统对空间滤波器过孔的要求。     

双变形镜双哈特曼-夏克传感器耦合校正系统

双脉冲双向传输放大构型是一种在惯性约束聚变激光驱动器领域具有极大应用价值的新型多程放大技术。针对变形镜代替腔镜对双向传输放大构型两束脉冲波前畸变进行补偿的问题,通过将两束脉冲波前先拼接再补偿的方法,研究出了一种基于双变形镜双哈特曼-夏克传感器耦合控制的新型波前校正技术,并利用神光-Ⅲ主机装置的实测数据进行了模拟验证。结果表明,该技术能够有效控制两束激光传输放大过程中所引入的波前畸变,满足系统对空间滤波器过孔的要求。     

水下声道中脉冲传播的WKBZ简正波方法

本文将WKBZ简正波方法应用于水下声道中的脉冲能量和波形传播。文中分别给出在两种不同水下声道中的数值结果,并与精确简正波数值解进行了比较。数值模拟结果表明,WKBZ简正波方法能精确地计算水下声道中脉冲声信号的波形,计算速度比传统的简正波方法提高近两个数量级。     

五能级原子开放系统中的多波混频共存特性

研究了受强缀饰场作用的五能级原子系统所产生的多波混频共存特性.研究发现,通过调节激光束方向,沿同一方向出射的八波混频、双缀饰四波混频和单缀饰六波混频信号因共用能级的原子相干产生而出现竞争现象,通过控制缀饰场减弱四波混频和六波混频信号强度,可以达到增强八波混频信号的目的.还对级联和并联两种不同缀饰方式下双缀饰四波混频过程的差别进行了详细分析. 关键词： 双缀饰四波混频 单缀饰六波混频 八波混频 抑制增强     

二重简并四波混频中的双波长再现

本文首次演示了双波长后向再现波。在二重简并的四波混频中,使用脉冲调QNd:YAG倍频5320A激光辐射作为写入束和物光束,连续氩离子激光辐射作为读出来,得到了通常的5145(?)再现象。同时还观察到了5320(?)后向再现波。这两个不同波长的再现波同时出现,但它们有不同的时间特性。理论分析与实验结果一致。     

脉冲波在空间等离子体介质中传播的矩分析及其应用

根据随机介质波传播理论，开展脉冲波在星际空间等离子体介质中的传播特性的分析方法研究.在强起伏条件下，推导双频互相关函数的二阶矩和四阶矩方程，利用不同电子密度模型，计算双频衍射强度相关函数和闪烁指数，并应用到闪烁的动态谱观测和相关分析中，得到自相关图谱、相关带宽和相关时间等闪烁特征参数，为脉冲在等离子体中的传输特性的分析，提供必要的理论基础.     

集成光波导陀螺双光路三角波调相谱脉冲噪声特性

基于三角波调相谱技术的谐振式集成光波导陀螺(RIOG)信号检测,光波相位调制引入的频谱分量所带来的光学噪声成为限制陀螺性能提升的主要因素。结合光波在三角波相位调制下的频率变化特性和波导谐振腔的光传输特性,给出了三角波调制下的同步解调信息;依据三角波调制下对背向散射噪声抑制的幅度调制参数和系统最大灵敏度工作点的频率调制参数,结合多光场叠加原理,理论仿真分析了谐振谱不同谐振区的输出脉冲噪声,这种脉冲噪声将对工作于不同调制频率下顺逆时针传输光波的信号采集区带来干扰;搭建了基于二氧化硅波导环形谐振腔的陀螺实验系统,分别测试了激光扫描下谐振腔不同谐振区的脉冲噪声和激光频率锁定在谐振腔谐振点时的脉冲噪声,与理论分析一致。分析结果表明,RIOG采用的三角波调相谱信号检测技术存在无法克服的脉冲噪声,针对不同要求的RIOG,给出了相应的调制技术方案,这为RIOG的工程化和性能优化提供了技术参考。     

楔块中脉冲声场及相控阵成像自检研究

相控阵横波检测必须在换能器前方加上楔块,对于楔块中的声场进行研究具有重要意义。本文通过数值计算和物理实验研究了超声相控阵楔块中的脉冲声场,分析并解释了超声相控阵系统自检成像过程中各种波形的产生机理和转换过程。首先从固体中超声传播理论出发,采用时域有限差分方法对相控阵楔块中各阵元独立发射条件下的脉冲声场进行仿真计算,给出了超声脉冲在楔块中的传播过程;然后开展了对应边界条件下相控阵楔块的B模式成像实验。数值模拟和物理实验的结果基本一致。本文的研究初步展示了楔块中的脉冲声场,其结果可为超声相控阵系统自检和楔块设计提供参考。     

The manipulation of light pulse from subluminal to superluminal propagation in a degenerate two-level Cs atomic system

We experimentally demonstrate the propagation of light pulse from subluminal to superluminal light based on quantum coherence in a degenerate two-level atomic system in a Cs vapor cell.It is shown that the group velocity of light pulse can be switched from subluminal to superluminal propagation via changing the coupling field from a traveling wave to a standing wave,while can also be continuously manipulated by varying the intensity of two waves superposed to form a standing wave.The observed maximum delay and advance times are about 0.45 and 0.54μs,corresponding to the group velocity of g=168km/s and g=138 km/s,respectively.This investigation may have the practical applications of devices for optical tunable delay lines,optical switching and optical buffering.     

Quasiperiodic Bloch-like states in a surface-wave experiment

Bloch-like surface waves associated with a quasiperiodic structure are observed in a classic wave propagation experiment which consists of pulse propagation with a shallow fluid covering a quasiperiodically drilled bottom. We show that a transversal pulse propagates as a plane wave with quasiperiodic modulation, displaying the characteristic undulatory propagation in this quasiperiodic system and reinforcing the idea that analogous concepts to Bloch functions can be applied to quasicrystals under certain circumstances.     

Wave scattering effects in elastic percolation models

The study of the propagation of waves in randomly diluted models is presented. Porosity (crack-like) models are simulated by constructing typical elastic percolation networks with random microscopic heterogeneities in order to resemble rock media. Central and bond-bending forces (Born Hamiltonian) models are considered. For each experimental case, the elastic energy of the system is relaxed in equilibrium and then the model is excited by a pulse source in order to produce wave propagation. First, a review is presented of the well established velocity-porosity relationship from rock physics, which shows a linear trend from small porosities up to the critical porosity (percolation threshold) where the rocks fall apart. From the wave propagation analysis a general trend is observed for the attenuation of waves, from the small to the large porosity models, suggesting multiple scattering effects similar to those reported from effective-medium approximations of wave scattering due to random heterogeneities. Finally, the results are compared with those obtained from laboratory experiments on dry rocks with different porosities and different applied stress regimes.     

电磁波在大面积等离子体片中传播特性的分析

脉冲磁约束线形空心阴极放电形成的大面积等离子体片可应用于等离子体天线、隐身及模拟超音速飞行器表面的等离子体鞘套. 本文首次利用实测等离子体片电子密度时空分布和横向场传播矩阵法, 研究了电磁波在等离子体片中反射率、透射率、吸收率随频率及脉冲放电时间的变化特征. 结果表明: 极化方向平行磁场的电磁波, 在小于截止频率的低频带内具有较高的反射率和吸收率, 增大电流, 反射率增加, 吸收率下降, 在大于截止频率的高频带内反射率和吸收率较低, 增大电流, 透射率下降, 吸收率升高; 极化方向垂直磁场的电磁波在高混杂谐振频率附近存在吸收率明显增强的吸收带, 谐振吸收峰值与放电电流无关; 脉冲放电期间, 电磁波的反射率、透射率与吸收率由不稳定过渡到稳定的时间约为100 μs, 过渡时间随着放电电流的增加而增大, 极化方向垂直磁场、小于截止频率的电磁波在稳定放电阶段谐振吸收较强. 本文的研究成果对利用等离子体片实现对电磁波的稳定高反射作用具有重要意义.     

一种定征复合板材粘接层性质的非线性超声兰姆波方法

借助于兰姆波频散曲线及导波激发的模式展开分析方法,对基频兰姆波时域信号及二次谐波时域信号的发生过程进行了直观的论述。结合Ritec-SNAP系统的测量功能,详细分析了二次谐波时域脉冲包络积分表达式的物理意义;该积分表达式可表征基频兰姆波时域脉冲传播过程中的二次谐波发生效率,以及基频与二倍频兰姆波模式之间的频散程度。在基频与二倍频兰姆波相速度相等(或近似相等)的频率附近,实验观察到显著的且无模式混叠的二次谐波信号,显示出在兰姆波的传播过程中的确可存在强烈的非线性效应。对于三种不同粘接情形的复合板材,实验结果表明,采用本文引入的非线性兰姆波应力波因子,结合二次谐波幅频曲线峰值所对应的频率值,可有效地对板材粘接层性质进行表征。     

Numerical wave propagation on non-uniform one-dimensional staggered grids

The wave propagation behaviour of centered difference schemes on one-dimensional non-uniform staggered grids is investigated. Previous results for the linear advection equation are extended to the case of the shallow water equations on staggered grids. For waves of a given frequency, the wave field is decomposed into right- and left-propagating components, and a wave energy conservation law is derived in terms of these components. For slowly varying grids, separate evolution equations for the right- and left-propagating components are derived, leading to the result that there is asymptotically no reflection in the limit of a slowly varying grid, provided that waves of that frequency are resolvable. However, there will be reflection from any location at which the wave group velocity goes to zero. The possibility for wave energy to tunnel through a narrow region of the grid too coarse for propagation is noted. Grids with an abrupt jump in resolution are also investigated. It is possible to tailor the scheme at the jump to minimize spurious wave reflection over a range of frequencies provided the waves are resolvable on both sides of the jump. However, it does not appear possible to avoid complete reflection, except by introducing extra dissipation terms, if the waves are not resolvable on one side of the jump. An example is presented of a second-order accurate scheme that spontaneously radiates waves from the resolution jump.     

3D Gabor analysis of transient waves propagating along an AT cut quartz disk

Laser detection methods allow the investigation of ultrasonic transient phenomena in both space and time dimensions. Used for the experimental investigation of surface wave propagation along a 2D surface, laser ultrasonic leads to three dimensional (3D) space-time signal collections. The classical high resolution signal processing methods or 3D Fourier Transforms can be used in order to extract the wave propagation information, however these methods are not adapted for identifying where and when the waves are generated. In order to quantify these transient aspects in the space-time-wave number-frequency domains, the 3D Gabor transform is introduced. The 3D Gabor transform properties are presented. The potential of the 3D Gabor for the identification of the local and transient complex wave numbers is illustrated on the propagation of surface waves on a piezoelectric quartz (AT cut, 6 MHz). In this experimental study, the quartz is excited by a voltage pulse and the quartz surface is scanned by a laser vibrometer. The 3D Gabor analysis shows that the circular electrodes borders generate anti-phase surface waves that propagates outside the electrodes, with a strong energy contribution in the low frequency domain (<1 MHz). The transient analysis also points out, for higher frequencies, where the surface waves are generated and how they propagate with respect of both to the geometry of the electrodes and the crystallographic axis of the quartz. These results confirm the theoretical modal analysis and provide new knowledge about the key role played by the electrodes border. This will allow the optimization of the electrodes shape in order to design low frequency Lamb wave sensors.     

动态光谱检测中的相移波形误差分析

动态光谱提取自光电容积脉搏波,是与动脉血液信息高度相关的近红外光谱,可应用于动脉血液成分的无创检测,具有很好的临床应用价值。文章依据动态光谱检测理论,对检测过程中的相移波形误差进行了分析。人体正常生理活动可导致光电容积脉搏波的周期、幅值和基线的不稳定。同时在动态光谱时域检测过程中,不同波长下检测到的脉搏波间存在一定的相位延迟。以上两个因素将导致不同波长对应的脉搏波之间存在一定的波形差异,从而使其频谱发生改变,在动态光谱中引入相移波形误差。文章对该相移波形误差进行了量化分析。结果表明,该误差与截取脉搏周期的矩形窗位置相关。通过精选矩形窗位置,可以将相移波形误差降低一个数量级。