点电荷与介质球系统电势的计算和讨论

计算了点电荷与介质球系统的电势．指出点电荷与导体球、点电荷与无限大导体平面或介质分界平面均匀外电场中有导体球或介质球系统的电势都可由点电荷与介质球系统的电势给出。     

真空中两个点电荷间电势为零的点及其产生的场强

以真空中的两个点电荷为研究对象,讨论了空间坐标系下电势为零的点所形成的轨迹,以及电势为零的点的场强大小及方向;并通过MATLAB进行数值模拟,验证了结论的正确.总结了空间场强求解的一般方法和要点,明确了场强的空间分布性.     

关于电势零点的选择

关于电势零点的选择郑成君（军械工程学院，石家庄０５０００３）（收稿日期：１９９６—０８—２３）在静电场中，要确定电场中各点的电势值，必须预先选定一个参考位置，并指定这个位置电势为零，这个参考位置，叫电势零点．脱离电势零点孤立地谈及某点的电势大小或电势...     

霍尔式传感器的不等位电势补偿探讨

不等位电势是霍尔式传感器产生零位误差的主要因素.在霍尔式传感器的直流激励特性实验中霍尔元件处于梯度磁场中,但是磁场强度未知,因此无法确定磁场强度为零的位置.当采用交流激励时,通过调节霍尔元件在磁场中的位置,使输出的最小电势便是不等位电势,此时便可通过补偿桥路进行补偿.     

关于零点势的选取

电势是个相对量,先规定电场中某点的电势为零,以该点做为参考点,才能确定其他各点的电势.人教版《物理.选修3-1》上提到:"在物理学的研究中常取离场源电荷无限远处的电势为零,以该点     

关于一道狄利克雷边界条件下电势计算题的思考

利用格林函数法计算了在狄利克雷边界(第一类边界)条件下,边界为无穷大平面、边界电势在由x=±1和y=±1的4个点形成的正方形区域内为1、其他地方为零的上半空间的电势精确解.利用函数图像辅助方法阐明如何得到狄利克雷边界条件下电势在z→0的近似解,分别用精确解和近似解讨论了在z→0时的边界电势,两者给出了相同的结果.求解过...     

基于GeoGebra的电势可视化研究——由一道电势图像题引发的思考

用GeoGebra软件演示了多个点电荷组成的点电荷系激发的电势分布立体图和等势线分布图.     

介质球在点电荷电场中产生的电势分布规律

推证了介质球在点电荷电场中产生的电势分布规律;同时由此推出了当介质球的电容率ε→∞时,介质球在点电荷的电场中为等电势体,以及金属导体球在点电荷电场中产生的电势分布规律．     

各向异性电介质中均匀带电矩形线框的空间电势和电场强度

从各向异性电介质中点电荷的电势表达式出发,采取分段计算叠加的方法,首先计算了各向异性电介质中均匀带电矩形线框的空间电势.然后,利用电场强度与电势梯度的关系,导出了各向异性电介质中均匀带电矩形线框电场强度的空间分布表达式.最后,对方形均匀带电线框和中心轴线上的特殊情形进行了简单说明.     

光生电势的一般方程及横向光生电势

在一个包括p\++－n－n\++结构的光生电势物理模型基础上导出 了光生电势的一般方程.在三种光生电势发生的特定条件下,它可简化出结场光生电势,丹 倍电势和横向光生电势的函数关系式.该方程统一了各种光生电势的行为机理.依据一般方 程理论导出的横向光生电势与光点位置的函数关系研制了光电位置传感器,该器件的光电位 置特性优越,从应用实践角度说明了该理论的正确性. 关键词：     

Velocity of Electric Wind and Efficiency of Electric Energy Conversion

The results of the theoretical and experimental studies of the electric wind velocity and efficiency are considered. The experiments are carried out in air at atmospheric pressure using the electrode system as a flat multispike electrode–two parallel tube.     

Electric power switches

A review is given of the physics and engineering behavior of arcs in vacuum and axial gas blast under the conditions found in high-voltage circuit breakers. The topics included are: the zero energy switch; current limiting switches; arc control; the gas-blast circuit breakers; the low-current gas-blast arc; arcing with ablation; interruption dynamics; arc modeling; vacuum as a switching element; the vacuum arc; the constricted arc; and the properties of SF₆     

基于电机辅助的纯电动汽车模式切换控制策略

为了提高纯电动汽车动力系统的工作效率,提出了一种基于电机辅助的纯电动汽车模式切换控制策略。首先,在传统纯电动汽车结构基础上配置一个小功率电机,得到一种双电机型纯电动汽车;其次,在双电机型纯电动汽车各驱动和各再生制动模式下,对其动力系统进行动力学分析和能量平衡分析,得出了系统在各模式下的工作效率模型;然后,以使动力系统工作效率最大为原则,制定了模式切换控制策略,确定了车辆的目标运行模式和两电机的目标转矩;最后,在Advisor仿真平台CYC_NEDC循环工况下,对该模式切换控制策略进行仿真,结果表明,与传统纯电动汽车相比,该控制策略使动力系统的工作效率提高了约6%。     

Electric explosion nickel nanopowders

The structure and the morphology of the nickel nanopowders synthesized by an electric explosion of a metallic wire are comprehensively studied. The results of scanning and transmission electron microscopies show that the nickel nanoclusters have a spherical shape with an average diameter of 50 nm. An analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrates that the lattice parameter of the electric explosion nanopowder particles is larger than the standard parameter. The results of computer experiments agree well with the conclusions drawn from X-ray diffraction data. However, the causes of the lattice distortion in the nickel nanoclusters are still debatable.     

电爆炸断路开关

 叙述了金属导体电爆炸的物理过程，分析了金属导体电爆炸时电阻率与比作用量、压力、能量、密度、爆炸产物膨胀速度、导体电流密度及周围介质等影响因素的关系，从而确定电爆炸断路开关的一般设计原则。     

Electric dipole moments reconsidered

The electric dipole moments of elementary particles, atoms, molecules, and their connection to the electric susceptibility are discussed for stationary states. Assuming rotational invariance, it is emphasized that, for such states, only in the case of a parity and time-reversal-violating interaction can the considered particles exhibit a nonvanishing expectation value for the electric dipole moment.     

电子的电矩

依据狄拉克方程的相关结论指出,电子除磁矩外还存在体现在高阶效应中的电矩.     

Wave-Corpuscle Mechanics for Electric Charges

It is well known that the concept of a point charge interacting with the electromagnetic (EM) field has a problem. To address that problem we introduce the concept of wave-corpuscle to describe spinless elementary charges interacting with the classical EM field. Every charge interacts only with the EM field and is described by a complex valued wave function over the 4-dimensional space time continuum. A system of many charges interacting with the EM field is defined by a local, gauge and Lorentz invariant Lagrangian with a key ingredient—a nonlinear self-interaction term providing for a cohesive force assigned to every charge. An ideal wave-corpuscle is an exact solution to the Euler-Lagrange equations describing both free and accelerated motions. It carries explicitly features of a point charge and the de Broglie wave. Our analysis shows that a system of well separated charges moving with nonrelativistic velocities are represented accurately as wave-corpuscles governed by the Newton equations of motion for point charges interacting with the Lorentz forces. In this regime the nonlinearities are “stealthy” and don’t show explicitly anywhere, but they provide for the binding forces that keep localized every individual charge. The theory can also be applied to closely interacting charges as in hydrogen atom where it produces discrete energy spectrum.     

新型交直流两用电桥实验仪

介绍一种新型组合式交直流两用电桥实验仪。该仪器读数直观、操作简便，实验内容丰富，综合训练效果好，可用于物理、电工电子、信息及自动化等专业的实验课教学。