Exponential bounds for generalized poisson distributions

Exponential estimates are constructed for the probabilities of large deviations of Poisson random sums. Supported by the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research (grant No. 97-01-00271) and the Russian Humanitarian Science Foundation (grant No. 97-02-02235). Proceedings of the Seminar on Stability Problems for Stochastic Models. Moscow, Russia, 1996, Part II.     

A Cantor-Lebesgue theorem with variable ``coefficients'

If is a lacunary sequence of integers, and if for each , and are trigonometric polynomials of degree then must tend to zero for almost every whenever does. We conjecture that a similar result ought to hold even when the sequence has much slower growth. However, there is a sequence of integers and trigonometric polynomials such that tends to zero everywhere, even though the degree of does not exceed for each . The sequence of trigonometric polynomials tends to zero for almost every , although explicit formulas are developed to show that the sequence of corresponding conjugate functions does not. Among trigonometric polynomials of degree with largest Fourier coefficient equal to , the smallest one ``at' is while the smallest one ``near' is unknown.

     

Boundedness of the fractional integral on weighted Lebesgue and Lipschitz spaces

Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the fractional integral operator to be bounded from weighted strong and weak spaces within the range into suitable weighted and Lipschitz spaces. We also characterize the weights for which can be extended to a bounded operator from weighted into a weighted Lipschitz space of order . Finally, under an additional assumption on the weight, we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the boundedness of between weighted Lipschitz spaces.

     

Some inequalities for multivariate characteristic functions

We obtain some new lower and upper bounds for characteristic functions of multivariate distributions that can be useful in various applications. Supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant Nos. 97-01-00273, 98-01-00621, and 98-01-00926) and by INTAS-RFBR (grant No. IR-97-0537). Proceedings of the Seminar on Stability Problems for Stochastic Models, Vologda, Russia, 1998, Part II.     

Linear isometries between subspaces of continuous functions

We say that a linear subspace of is strongly separating if given any pair of distinct points of the locally compact space , then there exists such that . In this paper we prove that a linear isometry of onto such a subspace of induces a homeomorphism between two certain singular subspaces of the Shilov boundaries of and , sending the Choquet boundary of onto the Choquet boundary of . We also provide an example which shows that the above result is no longer true if we do not assume to be strongly separating. Furthermore we obtain the following multiplicative representation of : for all and all , where is a unimodular scalar-valued continuous function on . These results contain and extend some others by Amir and Arbel, Holszty\'{n}ski, Myers and Novinger. Some applications to isometries involving commutative Banach algebras without unit are announced.

     

Expansive Subdynamics

This paper provides a framework for studying the dynamics of commuting homeomorphisms. Let be a continuous action of on an infinite compact metric space. For each subspace of we introduce a notion of expansiveness for along , and show that there are nonexpansive subspaces in every dimension . For each the set of expansive -dimensional subspaces is open in the Grassmann manifold of all -dimensional subspaces of . Various dynamical properties of are constant, or vary nicely, within a connected component of , but change abruptly when passing from one expansive component to another. We give several examples of this sort of ``phase transition,' including the topological and measure-theoretic directional entropies studied by Milnor, zeta functions, and dimension groups. For we show that, except for one unresolved case, every open set of directions whose complement is nonempty can arise as an . The unresolved case is that of the complement of a single irrational direction. Algebraic examples using commuting automorphisms of compact abelian groups are an important source of phenomena, and we study several instances in detail. We conclude with a set of problems and research directions suggested by our analysis.

     

Invariance of spectrum for representations of -algebras on Banach spaces

Let be a Banach space, a unital -algebra, and an injective, unital homomorphism. Suppose that there exists a function such that, for all , and all ,

(a) ,

(b) ,

(c) .
Then for all , the spectrum of in equals the spectrum of as a bounded linear operator on . If satisfies an additional requirement and is a -algebra, then the Taylor spectrum of a commuting -tuple of elements of equals the Taylor spectrum of the -tuple in the algebra of bounded operators on . Special cases of these results are (i) if is a closed subspace of a unital -algebra which contains as a unital -subalgebra such that , and only if , then for each , the spectrum of in is the same as the spectrum of left multiplication by on ; (ii) if is a unital -algebra and is an essential closed left ideal in , then an element of is invertible if and only if left multiplication by on is bijective; and (iii) if is a -algebra, is a Hilbert -module, and is an adjointable module map on , then the spectrum of in the -algebra of adjointable operators on is the same as the spectrum of as a bounded operator on . If the algebra of adjointable operators on is a -algebra, then the Taylor spectrum of a commuting -tuple of adjointable operators on is the same relative to the algebra of adjointable operators and relative to the algebra of all bounded operators on .

     

Infinite loop spaces and Neisendorfer localization

There is a localization functor with the property that is the -completion of whenever is a finite dimensional complex. This same functor is shown to have the property that is contractible whenever is a connected infinite loop space with a torsion fundamental group. One consequence of this is that many finite dimensional complexes are uniquely determined, up to -completion, by the homotopy fiber of any map from into the classifying space .

     

Sobolev type theorems for an operator with singularity

Spaces of Sobolev type are discussed, which are defined by the operator with singularity: , where and . This operator appears in a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator governed by Wigner's commutation relations. Smoothness of and continuity of () are studied where is in each space of Sobolev type, and results similar to Sobolev's lemma are obtained. The proofs are carried out based on a generalization of the Fourier transform. The results are applied to the Schrödinger equation.

     

On the strong equality between supercompactness and strong compactness

We show that supercompactness and strong compactness can be equivalent even as properties of pairs of regular cardinals. Specifically, we show that if ZFC + GCH is a given model (which in interesting cases contains instances of supercompactness), then there is some cardinal and cofinality preserving generic extension ZFC + GCH in which, (a) (preservation) for regular, if is supercompact', then is supercompact' and so that, (b) (equivalence) for regular, is strongly compact' iff is supercompact', except possibly if is a measurable limit of cardinals which are supercompact.

     

Shadowing orbits of ordinary differential equations on invariant submanifolds

A finite time shadowing theorem for autonomous ordinary differential equations is presented. Under consideration is the case were there exists a twice continuously differentiable function mapping phase space into with the property that for a particular regular value of the submanifold is invariant under the flow. The main theorem gives a condition which implies that an approximate solution lying close to is uniformly close to a true solution lying in . Applications of this theorem to computer generated approximate orbits are discussed.

     

Automorphism Groups and Invariant Subspace Lattices

Let be a - dynamical system and let be the analytic subalgebra of . We extend the work of Loebl and the first author that relates the invariant subspace structure of for a -representation on a Hilbert space , to the possibility of implementing on We show that if is irreducible and if lat is trivial, then is ultraweakly dense in We show, too, that if satisfies what we call the strong Dirichlet condition, then the ultraweak closure of is a nest algebra for each irreducible representation Our methods give a new proof of a ``density' theorem of Kaftal, Larson, and Weiss and they sharpen earlier results of ours on the representation theory of certain subalgebras of groupoid -algebras.

     

A formula with nonnegative terms for the degree of the dual variety of a homogeneous space

Let be a reductive group and a parabolic subgroup. For every -regular dominant weight let denote the variety embedded in the projective space by the embedding corresponding to the ample line bundle . Writing , we prove that the degree of the dual variety to is a polynomial with nonnegative coefficients in . In the case of homogeneous spaces we find an expression for the constant term of this polynomial.

     

Covering by complements of subspaces, II

Let be an -dimensional vector space over an algebraically closed field . Define to be the least positive integer for which there exists a family of -dimensional subspaces of such that every -dimensional subspace of has at least one complement among the 's. Using algebraic geometry we prove that .

     

Densities with the mean value property for harmonic functions in a Lipschitz domain

Let be a bounded domain in , , and let . We consider positive functions on such that for all bounded harmonic functions on . We determine Lipschitz domains having such with .

     

On invertibility in non-selfadjoint operator algebras

Let be a complete commutative subspace lattice on a Hilbert space. When is purely atomic, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for for every in , where and denote the spectrum of in and respectively. In addition, we discuss the properties of the spectra and the invertibility conditions for operators in .

     

Factorisation in nest algebras

We give a necessary and sufficient condition on an operator for the existence of an operator in the nest algebra of a continuous nest satisfying (resp. . We also characterise the operators in which have the following property: For every continuous nest there exists an operator in satisfying (resp. .

     

On sums and products of integers

Erdos and Szemerédi conjectured that if is a set of positive integers, then there must be at least integers that can be written as the sum or product of two elements of . Erdos and Szemerédi proved that this number must be at least for some and . In this paper it is proved that the result holds for .

     

Rationally equivalent nilpotent groups and spaces

Examples are constructed of rationally isomorphic, finitely generated nilpotent groups and such that there are no homomorphisms inducing rational isomorphisms. Similar examples are constructed of nilpotent, or even simply-connected, finite CW-complexes.

     

Moderate deviation principles for trajectories of sums of independent Banach space valued random variables

Let be a sequence of i.i.d. random vectors with values in a separable Banach space. Moderate deviation principles for trajectories of sums of are proved, which generalize related results of Borovkov and Mogulskii (1980) and Deshayes and Picard (1979). As an application, functional laws of the iterated logarithm are given. The paper also contains concluding remarks, with examples, on extending results for partial sums to corresponding ones for trajectory setting.