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物理演示实验可以将抽象的概念形象化,使物理规律直观化.通过演示实验,将那些很难想象和理解的物理规律多次重复地展现在学生眼前,使物理规律得到反复的实验验证,从而让学生体验、感受到物理学理论、概念、规律的深刻含义,加深和拓展对物理内容的理解,了解其应用.这种区别于讲课、习题课和普通物理实验的教学方式,对提高学生的科学技术素质,培养学生观察能力、手脑并用能力、理论联系实际能力等方面,都起着无可替代的作用.按照国家大学物理教学指导委员会下发的最新《大学物理教学大纲》的要求,大学物理教学总学时中20%的学时应在演示实验室中完成.也就是说,物理演示实验应该从单一的传统的课堂辅助教学形式,转化、发展为有利于基础科学教育的演示实验课。 相似文献
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演示实验可以不受空间和时间的限制,把某些自然环境再现,深刻地揭示出物理量之间的关系,从而启发学生深入思考,进一步寻求其变化规律.因此物理知识的讲授离不开课堂演示实验.演示实验又是启发学生思维,调动学生学习积极性,培养学生观察能力和思维能力的重要手段.本文谈谈增强演示实验效果和培养学生能力的几种方法.1 分析演示法分析演示法是让学生先从整体观察获得一个轮廓印象,然后再从几个方面仔细观察,找出局部特征,用分析的方法找出各局部特征的内在联系,最后获得一个全面而深刻的认识.例如用波动演示器演示横波.第一… 相似文献
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实验是物理学的基础,是检验物理理论的标准.在学生建立完整的物理概念和导出正确物理规律的课堂教学中,实验是最活跃最具生命力的部分.演示实验是指为配合教学内容由教师操作表演示范的实验.是深受学生欢迎的实验形式,是教师施展教学艺术的独特方法.它能化抽象为具体,化枯燥为生动,把要研究的物理现象清楚地展示在学生面前.能引导学生观察,并进行思考,配合讲授使学生认识物理概念和规律,达到“事半功倍”的效果. 相似文献
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物理演示实验通过具象的实验帮助学生理解理论知识,在物理教学中有着重要的作用。本论文利用Citespace软件对中国知网近十年来(2013—2022年)与国内大学物理演示实验相关的208篇文献进行量化分析,包括期刊类型和发文量、作者和机构、研究主题、研究热点等维度。根据量化分析得到的主要研究领域和研究热点,对物理演示实验的价值、类别和成效进行质性分析。最后对近几年大学物理演示实验教学的不足进行总结分析,并对未来大学物理演示实验的发展提出了五点建议。 相似文献
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物理属于以实验为基础的一门自然学科,在初中物理实验教学过程当中,物理演示实验对学生思考能力、创新能力以及观察能力的培养发挥着至关重要的作用。本文结合我国初中物理实验教学的现状,对初中物理演示实验的运用进行了深入的探析,旨在促进学生物理水平以及物理教学效果的提高。 相似文献
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物理演示实验在帮助学生理解物理理论、加深知识记忆、激发科学兴趣等方面有独特的作用。中国绝大部分的高校都建有物理演示实验室,中国矿业大学目前已建成3个物理演示实验大厅,有超过120套演示实验仪。本文探讨了中国矿业大学在物理演示实验资源有效利用方面进行的探索,比如让物理演示实验进理论课课堂常态化;让大学生参与物理演示实验仪的开发探究;对社会大众开放物理演示实验室等。分析了在探索物理演示实验资源有效利用时遇到的问题和困难,并给出了解决这些问题的可能方案。这些探讨有助于最大限度地发挥演示实验在辅助理论教学、培养学生的创新能力及宣扬科学精神等方面的作用,也可以为开设或即将开设物理演示实验的高校提供参考。 相似文献
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物理演示实验是物理课教学的一个重要环节,也是每一个物理教师的良好助手,它有利于学生掌握课程的基本内容,也有助于培养学生探索自然规律的兴趣和能力,从而引导学生透过物理现象,去追求新的规律,获得新的知识。因此,国内外的物理教学都把演示实验作为教学的组成部分. 相似文献
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Results of radionuclide activity concentration measurements in deposition and ground-level air conducted at the station of
the Institute of Physics situated 3.5 km from the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (Ignalina NPP) in 2005 are analyzed. Atmospheric
depositional fluxes of 7Be, 60Co and 137Cs are estimated. Radionuclide particle deposition rates are calculated. The Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated
Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model of the global dispersion and deposition is used to explain variations in the 137Cs activity concentration in the ground-level air in the Ignalina NPP region in 2005. An increase in the 137Cs activity concentration of up to 17.4 μBq m−3 on 30 October-5 November is studied. Modelling results show that the Chernobyl NPP Unit 4 Sarcophagus and the radiocaesium
resuspension from the Chernobyl NPP accident polluted regions are sources of 137Cs to the environment of the Ignalina NPP. Results on solubility in water of aerosols — carriers of 137Cs — are discussed. 相似文献
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A. Ghosh S.K. Adhikari 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》1998,2(1):31-36
The solutions of a renormalized BCS equation are studied in three space dimensions in s, p and d waves for finite-range separable
potentials in the weak to medium coupling region. In the weak-coupling limit, the present BCS model yields a small coherence
length and a large critical temperature, , appropriate for some high- materials. The BCS gap, , and specific heat as a function of zero-temperature condensation energy are found to exhibit potential-independent universal scalings. The
entropy, specific heat, spin susceptibility and penetration depth as a function of temperature exhibit universal scaling below
in p and d waves.
Received: 18 July 1997 / Revised: 8 September 1997 / Accepted: 29 September 1997 相似文献
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The thermal instability of a layer of Rivlin-Ericksen elastico-viscous fluid in porous medium acted on by a uniform magnetic field is considered. For stationary convection, Rivlin-Ericksen elastico-viscous fluid behaves like a Newtonian fluid. The magnetic field is found to have stabilizing effect whereas medium permeability has destabilizing effect. The magnetic field introduces oscillatory modes in the system, A sufficient condition for the non-existence of overstability is also obtained. 相似文献
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It is shown that bulk semiconductors exhibit strongly asymmetric Fano-type resonance profiles in magnetoabsorption processes
involving the formation of hot electron-hole pairs (EHPs) and accompanied by the scattering of the EHPs by defects. This result
is valid for transitions to electronic states with large Landau quantum numbers, when the Coulomb interaction plays a small
role. The physical reason for such a sharp change in the magnetoabsorption coefficient as compared with the expected result
for the ordinary density of states in a quantizing magnetic field is that the electronic excitations are quasi-one-dimensional.
The form of the resonance absorption is in good qualitative agreement with the experimental data.
Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 63, No. 8, 619–622 (25 April 1996) 相似文献
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The concepts of uncertainty in prediction and inference are introduced and illustrated using the diffraction of light as an example. The close relationship between the concepts of uncertainty in inference and resolving power is noted. A general quantitative measure of uncertainty in inference can be obtained by means of the so-called statistical distance between probability distributions. When applied to quantum mechanics, this distance leads to a measure of the distinguishability of quantum states, which essentially is the absolute value of the matrix element between the states. The importance of this result to the quantum mechanical uncertainty principle is noted. The second part of the paper provides a derivation of the statistical distance on the basis of the so-called method of support. 相似文献
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We present the action and transformation laws of supergravity in 11 dimensions which is expected to be closely related to the O(8) theory in 4 dimensions after dimensional reduction. 相似文献
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