一种碳酸氢根显色体系

新化合物1。3-N,N'-双-[4-(4'-硝基苯偶氮)苯基]异方酸二酰胺(BNBPS)的DMSO-H_2O溶液是阴离子HCO_3~-的良好显色剂.提供了一种用直接分光光度法分析HCO_3~-的新方法.试液的pH为7.8—9.5时,HCO_3~-与显色剂作用迅速,显色剂由红变蓝(△λ=108nm),并有稳定的有色化合物生成(2h内吸光度不变),λ_(max)=638nm,δ_(638)=2×104~4 L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),线性关系良好,显色剂选择性好,常见阳离子在较大范围内不显色,Cl~-,Br~-,I~一和NO_3~-在较大量范围内不干扰.     

Pulse radiolysis study on gatifloxacin——A fluoroquinolone antibiotic

The reactions between gatifloxacin(GFX) and various one-electron oxidants,such as ˙OH,N3˙,Br2˙ˉ,and SO4˙ˉ,have been studied by pulse radiolysis techniques.The GFX radical anion formed in the reaction of GFX with eaqˉ could either be protonated or deprotonated,and the absorption of GFX radical anion was located at 390 nm.The transient species produced by the reaction of GFX with ˙OH radical shows a broad band in the 380?600 nm region with a shoulder,while the oxidation by N3˙,SO4˙ˉ,and Br2˙ˉ results in an absorption band with λmax = 370 nm.At neutral condition(pH 7),the rate constants of GFX reacting with ˙OH,N3˙,Br2˙ˉ,SO4˙ˉ and eaqˉ are estimated to be 1.0 × 1010,3.1 × 109,2.8 × 109,3.0 × 109,and 1.8 × 1010 dm3 mol?1 s?1,respectively.From the pH dependence on the formation of electron adducts and on the rate constant of GFX with eaqˉ,the pKa of GFX radical anion is estimated to be 5.5 and 9.3.     

1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠体系分光光度法测定头孢他啶

建立了用1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠(NQS)作为显色剂分光光度法测定头孢他啶(ceftazidime)的新方法.在pH 13.0缓冲溶液中,NQS能直接与头孢他啶发生亲核取代反应生成红褐色化合物,其最大吸收波长为484 nm.头孢他啶在2.98～127.3 mg/L浓度范围内与吸光度呈良好线性关系,线性回归方程A=0.0...     

奈替米星和1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠显色反应的研究及对奈替米星的测定

建立了用1, 2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠(NQS)作显色剂测定奈替米星(NET)的新方法.研究表明:控制溶液pH=10.00,NET与NQS反应生成摩尔比为1∶3的红褐色产物,最大吸收波长λmax=445 nm,奈替米星浓度在6.4～57.6 mg/L范围内与吸光度呈良好线性关系,表观摩尔吸光系数ε＝6.31×103 L\5mol-1\5cm-1,方法检出限为5.9 mg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.81%,平均回收率99.0%以上.该法能直接用于药物样品中奈替米星的测定,结果满意.     

用分光光度法研究S2O82-和I-的反应

采用分光光度法来研究水溶液中S_2O_8~(2-)和I~-的反应,可自动记录反应物(或生成物)浓度随时间的变化率.方法简便迅速,还可节省试剂. 原理水溶液中,过二硫酸盐和碘化钾发生如下反应:S_2O_8~(2-)+3I~-=2SO_4~(2-)+I_3~-(1)因产物I_3~-在λ=287nm波长有较大吸光度,而反应物和产物SO_4~(2-)在此波长下无吸收,且I_3~-的吸光度与[I_3~-]在被研究范围内遵循朗伯-比耳定律:A=εlc,式中A为吸光度,ε为摩尔吸光系数,l为样品池     

双显色剂双波长分光光度法的研究——Ⅰ.水相中中心离子交换测定微量汞

对Cu(DDTC)_2+Hg~(2+)=Hg(DDTC)_2+Cu~(2+)褪色反应,加入另一种显色剂进行显色反应Cu~(2+)+2BCO=Cu(BCO)_2,在450nm处测量Cu(DDTC)_2吸光度的减少,600nm处测量Cu(BCO)_2吸光度的增加,以两处吸光度差值的和作Hg~(2+)的定量测定,从而建立了测定微量汞的双显色剂双波长分光光度法。该方法的ε=3.7×10~4 L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。检出限为0.14ppm,标准物质检验的相对误差和变异系数分别小于2%和5%。     

1-(4-安替比林)-3-(3-硝基苯胺)三氮烯分光光度法测定镉(Ⅱ)

合成了一种新的显色剂三氮烯试剂1-(4-安替比林)-3-(3-硝基苯胺)三氮烯(ANTA),并研究了该显色剂与镉(Ⅱ)的显色反应。在Tween-80存在下及pH 10.2的硼砂-氢氧化钠缓冲溶液中,显色剂ANTA与镉(Ⅱ)形成2∶1的稳定络合物。其最大吸收波长位于508 nm波长处,表观摩尔吸光率为3.4×105L.mol-1.cm-1。镉(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在30.0~450μg.L-1范围内符合比耳定律,方法的检出限(3σ/k)为10.0μg.L-1。方法用于废水样品中微量镉(Ⅱ)的测定,测定结果与原子吸收光谱法相一致,平均回收率为103.5%,平均相对标准偏差(n=6)为4%。     

酸性介质中PAR与Fe（Ⅱ）显色反应的研究及其应用

4-(2-吡啶偶氮)间苯二酚(PAR)是常用的配位滴定指示剂和光度分析显色剂,能用于多种金属离子的光度测定.用PAR光度法测定Fe(Ⅱ),因PAR及其PAR与Fe(Ⅱ)的配合物在酸性介质中难溶于水,因而一般在选择性不够高的碱性介质中进行测定.迄今为止,PAR与Fe(Ⅱ)在酸性介质中的显色反应研究还未见报道,本法采用加入表面活性剂OP增溶,研究在酸性介质中PAR与Fe(Ⅱ)的显色反应.结果表明,在pH2.0～6.0的范围内,Fe(Ⅱ)与PAR形成稳定的1:2配合物,最大吸收波长为491nm和710nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε_(710)为1.4×10~4L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),以710nm为测定波长,铁含量在0～45μg/25ml范围内服从比耳定律.方法选择性较高,用于测定茶叶和食品中微量铁,结果满意.     

氯化十四烷基二甲基苄基铵(Zeph)萃取富集3,5-Br_2-PADAT-C_2H_5OH分光光度测定钯

本报告以5-[(3,5-二溴-2-吡啶)偶氮]-2,4-二氮基甲苯(简称3,5-Br_2-PADAT)为显色剂。以乙醇为增敏剂,研究了 Pd-3,5-Br_2-PADAT-乙醇体系的分光光度性质.实验表明,在0.1～0.6NHCl 范围内,Pd 与3.5-Br_2-PADAT 及 C_2H_5OH 生成稳定的紫色络合物,最大吸收波长在600nm,摩尔吸光系数=1.05×10~5.钯量在0.5～10μg/25ml 符合比尔定律.该络合物中 Pd:3,5-Br_2-PADAT=1:1.用 Zeph-C-2H_4Cl_2:萃取富集矿石中微量钯巴后转为水相测定,可测定0.X～数百克/吨的钯.矿石中常见的39种金属离子不干扰测定.精密度和准确度良好.     

应用酸性铬蓝K的A_N=0双波长补偿系数光度法测定铜(Ⅱ)

在pH=12.7的NaOH介质中,铜(Ⅱ)与酸性铬蓝K(ACBK)形成深红色配合物,应用该配合物生色对试剂ACBK褪色产生100%相消干扰的波长533 nm作为负峰波长,建立了ACBK测定铜(Ⅱ)的A_N=0双波长补偿系数光度法.该法能消除显色剂ACBK褪色对生成物Cu(ACBK)生色的相消干扰,测得生色法真实吸光度,消除生成物生色对有色剂ACBK褪色的相消干扰;测得褪色法近似真实吸光度,其灵敏度是上述两法之和.于波长λp 573 nm,λN 533 nm测得信号吸光度补偿系数fs为4.135,信号摩尔吸光系数为4.56×10~4 L·5moL~(-1)·5cm~(-1),是经典光度法的3.73倍.方法线性范围为0.02～1.60 mg·~(-1),配合物的摩尔比为Cu∶ACBK=1∶1.测定了某些水样中的铜(Ⅱ),并对方法进行了检验,回收率为96%～104%.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.