附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器动力学特性研究

随着微机电科技的进步,利用环境振动进行系统自供电已经成为目前非线性动力学研究的热点.将质量-弹簧-阻尼系统与双稳态振动能量捕获系统相结合,提出了附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器,建立系统的力学模型及控制方程.通过数值仿真研究了简谐激励下质量比和调频比发生变化时附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器的动力学响应.通过与附加线性振子双稳态系统的对比,获得了上述参数对附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器发生大幅运动的影响规律,显示出附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器的优越性,并获得了附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器发生连续大幅混沌运动的最优参数配合.上述研究结果为双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获系统的相关研究提供了理论基础.     

有色噪声激励下双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器动力学特性研究

随着微机电科技的进步,利用环境振动进行系统自供电已经成为目前非线性动力学研究的热点.以附加线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器为研究对象,建立系统的动力学方程,通过数值仿真研究了有色噪声激励作用下双稳态能量捕获系统的动力学行为,分别从有色噪声强度、质量比和调频比3个方面研究了双稳态系统动力学响应,获得了上述参数对双稳态能量捕获系统动力学特性的影响规律,上述研究结果为双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获系统的相关研究提供理论基础.     

势阱深度对双稳态电磁发电系统发电性能的影响研究

电磁式振动能量捕获技术从单稳态系统发展到多稳态系统,拓宽了响应频带,增大了输出电压,能够获得较好的发电性能.以附加线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器为研究对象,主要研究了势阱深度对双稳态系统发电性能的影响,并基于最优发电性能下的势阱深度,研究了双稳态系统结构参数中质量比与调频比对系统发电性能的影响.通过数值仿真结果说明,在外部激励频率为低频时:势阱深度较大时,双稳态系统的振子只能在一个阱内发生小幅振动运动;当势阱深度小到一定程度时,双稳态系统的振子跨过势垒在两个阱间内发生大幅混沌运动或周期运动,其优于小幅振动运动时的平均输出功率.通过数值模拟,得到双稳态系统具有较高的发电性能下的最优质量比、调频比以及阻尼比参数.     

多自由度非线性振动系统的多频分叉

本文研究自治和非自治多目由度非线性振动系统当其线化系统有多个特征值同时经过虚轴时产生的多频分叉问题,提出了用于分析多频分叉问题的平均摄动解法,得到了在共振和非共振情形的多频分叉渐近摄动解和稳定性判据,我们还将本文方法用在分析机车轮对动力系统的Hopf分叉中和Van der PolDuffing耦合非线性振子的双频分叉中。     

非线性阻尼非线性刚度隔振系统随机动力学特性研究

针对随机激励环境,同时引入刚度和阻尼非线性来提高隔振系统的隔振性能.刚度和阻尼非线性分别是由水平弹簧和水平阻尼的几何布置获得.通过求解Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov(FPK)方程等效非线性随机振动方程来研究非线性隔振系统在随机激励下的隔振性能,并使用路径积分和Monte-Carlo数值方法进行验证.在此基础上研究刚度非线性和阻尼非线性对隔振系统在随机激励下力传递率及其概率分布的影响.研究表明随着噪声强度的增加,非线性阻尼抑制振动的能力增强,但是在较小的随机激励下线性阻尼优于非线性阻尼.     

非线性振动分析的均向量场法

通过构造向量形式的振动微分方程组，利用均向量场（AVF）法得到振动响应的向量差分迭代格式.该离散格式能够保能量，同时具有二阶精度的特征，从而给出非线性振动问题的均向量场法.介绍了均向量场法的基本步骤.在建立AVF格式时，对于微分方程中若干常见的项，直接给出相应的映射项.应用均向量场法研究了非线性单摆问题和Kepler(开普勒)问题，数值结果说明了该方法保能量和具有长时间求解能力的特性.     

惯容器非线性减振与能量采集一体化模型动力学分析

为了解决航天工程中减振和能源供应的问题，构建了一种应用于航天工程的整星减振和能量采集一体化装置，设计并考察了一种基于非线性能量汇(nonlinear energy sink, NES)的新型非线性减振装置，通过以惯容器(inerter)替代传统的惯性元件以减少负载质量，并在该装置中整合了基于超磁致伸缩材料(giant magnetostrictive material, GMM)的能量采集器.在整星减振的实际背景下对其进行了建模、仿真和分析，同时通过数值计算，考察分析了能量采集器采集振动能量的效果，研究结果表明，在合理选择的参数下，该NES-inerter-GMM(NES-I-GMM)装置能够很好地起到减振作用，同时收集一定的振动能量.     

窄带随机噪声作用下非线性系统的响应

研究了Duffing振子在窄带随机噪声激励下的主共振响应和稳定性问题.用多尺度法分离了系统的快变项,讨论了系统的阻尼项、随机项等对系统响应的影响.在一定条件下,系统具有两个均方响应值.数值模拟表明方法是有效的.     

非线性系统动力分析的模态综合技术

各种模态综合方法已广泛应用于线性结构的动力分析,但是,一般都不适用于非线性系统. 本文基于[20][21]提出的方法,将一种模态综合技术推广到非线性系统的动力分析.该法应用于具有连接件耦合的复杂结构系统,以往把连接件简化为线性弹簧和阻尼器.事实上,这些连接件通常具有非线性弹性和非线性阻尼特性.例如,分段线性弹簧、软特性或硬特性弹簧、库伦阻尼、弹塑性滞后阻尼等.但就各部件而言,仍属线性系统.可以通过计算或试验或兼由两者得到一组各部件的独立的自由界面主模态信息,且只保留低阶主模态.通过连接件的非线性耦合力,集合各部件运动方程而建立成总体的非线性振动方程.这样问题就成为缩减了自由度的非线性求解方程,可以达到节省计算机的存贮和运行时间的目的.对于阶次很高的非线性系统,若能缩减足够的自由度,那么问题就可在普通的计算机上得以解决. 由于一般多自由度非线性振动系统的复杂性,一般而言,这种非线性方程很难找到精确解.因此,对于任意激励下系统的瞬态响应,可以采用数值计算方法求解缩减的非线性方程.     

两自由度非线性振动系统主参数激励下的分岔分析

本文给出了参数激励作用下两自由度非线性振动系统,在1:2内共振条件下主参数激励低阶模态的非线性响应.采用多尺度法得到其振幅和相位的调制方程,分析发现平凡解通过树枝分岔产生耦合模态解,采用Melnikov方法研究全局分岔行为,确定了产生Smale马蹄型混沌的参数值.     

Reduced-order model for laminar vortex-induced vibration of a rigid circular cylinder with an internal nonlinear absorber

The nonlinear interaction of a laminar flow and a sprung rigid circular cylinder results in vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of the cylinder. Passive suppression of the VIV by attaching an internal nonlinear vibration absorber that acts, in essence, as a nonlinear energy sink (NES) to the cylinder has been observed in finite-element computations involving thousands of degrees of freedom (DOF). A single-DOF self-excited oscillator is developed to approximate the limit-cycle oscillation (LCO) of the cylinder undergoing VIV. This self-excited oscillator models the interaction of the flow and the cylinder. Then, a two-DOF reduced-order model for the system with the internal NES is constructed by coupling the single-DOF NES to the single-DOF self-excited oscillator. Hence, the complicated high-dimensional system of flow-cylinder-NES involving thousands of DOF is reduced to a two-DOF model. The two targeted energy transfer mechanisms responsible for passive VIV suppression that are observed in the finite-element computations are fully reproduced using the two-DOF reduced-order model. This reduction of the dynamics to an easily tractable low-dimensional reduced-order model facilitates the approximate analysis of the underlying dynamics. Moreover, the underlying assumptions of the order reduction, and the parameter ranges of validity of the reduced-order model are formulated and systematically studied.     

Vibration suppression of self-excited oscillations by parametric inertia excitation

The main objective of this contribution is to show the phenomenon of full vibration suppression of a simple two degrees of freedom rotary oscillator by interaction between self-excitation and parametric excitation. One disk is under the influence of self-excitation, modelled by a negative damping coefficient, while the moment of inertia of the second disk is periodically varied in time within an open-loop control with a fixed frequency. Both disks are coupled by a linear spring-element. Parametric excitation develops equations of motion with time-periodic coefficients. Using the averaging method for a firstorder approximation general conditions for full vibration suppression are analytically derived for the two degrees of freedom system with harmonic inertia variation. The approximated analytical stability predictions are verified and compared to results obtained from numerical time integration of the original equations of motion. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Frequency–energy plots of steady-state solutions for forced and damped systems,and vibration isolation by nonlinear mode localization

We study the structure of the periodic steady-state solutions of forced and damped strongly nonlinear coupled oscillators in the frequency–energy domain by constructing forced and damped frequency – energy plots (FEPs). Specifically, we analyze the steady periodic responses of a two degree-of-freedom system consisting of a grounded forced linear damped oscillator weakly coupled to a strongly nonlinear attachment under condition of 1:1 resonance. By performing complexification/averaging analysis we develop analytical approximations for strongly nonlinear steady-state responses. As an application, we examine vibration isolation of a harmonically forced linear oscillator by transferring and confining the steady-state vibration energy to the weakly coupled strongly nonlinear attachment, thereby drastically reducing its steady-state response. By comparing the nonlinear steady-state response of the linear oscillator to its corresponding frequency response function in the absence of a nonlinear attachment we demonstrate the efficacy of drastic vibration reduction through steady-state nonlinear targeted energy transfer. Hence, our study has practical implications for the effective passive vibration isolation of forced oscillators.     

Identification of the Nonlinear Restoring Force Characteristic of a Rubber Mounting

This paper is concerned with the identification of the nonlinear restoring force characteristic of a rubber mounting that is part of an oscillator which is subjected to harmonic force excitation. A linearity test is successfully applied to the experimental data to detect the nonlinear behaviour of the system. It is shown that the results of linear system identification depend on the level of excitation force applied. Furthermore, the frequency response functions of the identified linear models only poorly match the measured ones. In consequence, a parametric nonlinear spring characteristic is introduced into the linear model. It is demonstrated that only one set of parameters is required to explain the system behaviour at different levels of excitation force. Also, each of the measured frequency response functions is matched more closely by the calculated frequency response of the nonlinear model.     

Application of non-smooth NES in vibration suppression of rotor-blade systems

The non-smooth nonlinear energy sink (NSNES) is used to suppress the vibration of the rotor-blade system. Firstly, the structure and working principle of the NSNES for rotor-blade system are introduced. Then, the dynamics model of the rotor-blade-NSNES system is established by Lagrangian method. And then, numerical simulations are applied to evaluate the vibration suppression ability of the NSNES on rotor and blade. The results show that the suppression rates of NSNES on the rotor and the blade can reach 81% and 74% in steady state resonance under given parameters, respectively; and for transient vibration of blade, a 1.85 times dissipating speed is obtained in rotor-blade system with NSNES than that without NSNES. In particular, NSNES has better vibration suppression capability than linear dynamic vibration absorber (LDVA) when both have the same vibration absorption mass.     

Vibration control of ultrasonic cutting via dynamic absorber

Ultrasonic machining (USM) is one of the most effective non-conventional techniques. Its application especially to hard-to-machine material (HTM) is growing rapidly. The main operation condition of USM is at resonance where an exciter derives a tuned blade or a tool. In this paper, the coupling of two non-linear oscillators of the main system and absorber representing ultrasonic cutting process are investigated. This leads to a two-degree-of-freedom Duffing’s oscillator in which such non-linear effects can be neutralized under certain dynamic conditions. The aim of this work is the control of the system behavior at principal parametric resonance condition where the system damage is probable. An approximate solution is derived up to the second order for the coupled system. A threshold value of linear damping has been obtained, where the system vibration can be reduced dramatically. The stability of the system is investigated applying both phase-plane and frequency response techniques. The effects of the different parameters of the absorber on system behavior are studied numerically. Comparison with the available published work is reported.     

车路耦合非线性振动高阶Galerkin截断研究

将移动车辆模型化为运动的两自由度质量-弹簧-阻尼系统,道路模型化为立方非线性黏弹性地基上的弹性梁,并将路面不平度设定为简谐函数．通过受力分析,建立车路非线性耦合振动高阶偏微分方程．采用高阶Galerkin截断结合数值方法求解耦合系统的动态响应．首次研究不同截断阶数对车路耦合非线性振动动态响应的影响,确定Galerkin截断研究车路耦合振动的收敛性．研究结果表明,对于软土地基的沥青路面,耦合振动的动态响应,需要150阶以上的截断才能达到收敛效果．并通过高阶收敛的Galerkin截断研究了系统参数对车路耦合非线性振动动态响应的影响.