聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/聚甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯复合微球的合成及药物吸放性能

采用在甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）悬浮聚合过程中滴加甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯（HEMA）乳液聚合组分的悬浮-乳液耦合聚合方法,制备了大粒径聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯／聚甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯（PMMA／PHEMA）复合微球。PMMA／PHEMA复合微球表面以HEMA乳液聚合物为主,且具有微孔结构。PMMA／PHEMA复合微球在水和苄醇中的平衡溶胀率大于PMMA微球。PMMA／PHEMA复合微球48h异丁苯丙酸负载百分比为35．6％,PMMA为27．6％。在磷酸盐缓冲液中释放时间达到360h,释放量占负载总量的82％;而PMMA微球的释放时间为216h,释放量仅占负载总量的60％。     

Stereocomplex Formation of Atactic Poly(methyl methacrylate)

Stereocomplexes formed in atactic poly(methyl methacrylate) (a-PMMA) films cast form different solvents were studied by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The growth of stereocomplex was a function of annealing temperature and annealing time, respectively.     

Thermal Analysis of Adsorbed Poly(methyl methacrylate) on Silica

Modulated differential scanning calorimetry has been used to quantify the glass transitions of small adsorbed amounts of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) on silica. While a relatively narrow, single glass transition was found for bulk PMMA, broader two-component transitions were found for the adsorbed polymer. A two-state model based on loosely bound polymer (glass transition similar to bulk) and more tightly bound polymer (glass transition centered around 156 degrees C) was used to interpret the thermograms. On the basis of this model, the amount of tightly bound polymer was found to be approximately 1.3 mg/m2, corresponding to a 1.1 nm thick layer. The change in heat capacity for the tightly bound polymer at the glass transition temperature was estimated to be about 16% of that of the bulk polymer.     

Synthesis,Characterization of Modified Graphene Oxide/Poly(methyl methacrylate) Composites

Graphene oxide was prepared by improving Hummers method and then modified by 4,4′-oxydianiline to get aminated graphene oxide, which was used to construct redox initiator system with dibenzoyl peroxide for synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) grafted to graphene oxide by in situ polymerization. Nanocomposites used grafted polymer as fillers with loadings from 0.5 to 1.0 wt % of poly(methyl methacrylate) were obtained by solution blending. The structures, properties and morphology of graphene oxide, grafted poly(methyl methacrylate) and composites are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and bacterial adhesion examination respectively. The initial decomposition temperature and the glass transition temperature of the nanocomposites are improved by addition of grafted poly(methyl methacrylate). Furthermore, there is a significant enhancement of the decreasing of the surface bacterial adhesion of prepared nanocomposites.     

多臂聚丙烯酸丁酯-b-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物的合成及性能研究

采用电子转移再生催化剂原子转移自由基聚合(ARGET ATRP)制备了端羟基聚丙烯酸丁酯-b-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物(HO-PBA-b-PMMA),在此基础上,与六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体(N3390)反应,合成了多臂聚丙烯酸丁酯-b-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物.通过凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、核磁共振仪(1H-NMR)、傅里叶变换红外光谱计(FTIR)对聚合物的结构进行了表征,利用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察了其形貌,采用动态热机械分析仪(DMA)和万能拉伸机研究了聚合物的热性能、力学性能及多臂嵌段共聚物对PMMA的增韧性能.结果表明:成功制备了端羟基聚丙烯酸丁酯-b-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,以及多臂聚丙烯酸丁酯-b-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物.在异氰酸酯基/羟基(NCO/OH)摩尔比为1.2/1时,制得的多臂嵌段共聚物相对分子质量最大,Mark-Houwink参数α值最小,表明此时三臂嵌段共聚物最多.多臂嵌段聚合物的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率比线型聚合物均有明显提高,且在NCO/OH摩尔比为1.2/1时达到最大,分别为7.6 MPa和73%.多臂嵌段聚合物具有更高的玻璃化转变温度(Tg).通过原子力显微镜(AFM)表明,多臂聚丙烯酸丁酯-b-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物形成了以聚丙烯酸丁酯链段为核,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳的核壳结构.具有核壳结构的多臂聚丙烯酸丁酯-b-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯有明显的增韧作用.     

Synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) macromonomer

Anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was carried out in tetrahydrofuran (THF) or THF/toluene mixture at ?78°C initiated by triphenylmethyl sodium or lithium as initiators. Highly syndiotactic PMMA of low polydispersity (M _w/m _n = 1.11–1.17) could be prepared with triphenylmethyl lithium in THF or THF/toluene mixture at ? 78°C. Moreover, PMMA macromonomer having one vinylbenzyl group per polymer chain was prepared by the couplings of living PMMA initiated by triphenylmethyl lithium with p-chloromethyl styrene (CMS) at ?78°C. The coupling reaction of living PMMA initiated by triphenylmethyl sodium with CMS was scarcely occurred.     

PMMA对聚氧乙烯β转变的影响

对半结晶聚氧乙烯（PEO)/PMMA共混体系的DSC及动态力学行为研究表明：PEO在和PMMA形成半结晶PEO/PMMA共混体系后，其β转变的峰温没有明显移动；β峰只出现在淬炎的半结晶PEO/PMMA共混体系中，而在完全非晶的相容性共混体系以及退火的半结晶共混体系不出现；在β转变区，对应的模量反常地增大，对应的DSC曲线有明显阶跃。可见，半结晶PEO的β转变并不象通常所认为的源于PEO非晶区的玻璃化转变。在接受半结晶PEO及半结晶PEO/PMMA共混体系的PEO结晶区存在结晶-非晶中间相观点的基础上，认为β转变源于PEO结晶区结晶-非晶中间相的玻璃化转变过程。     

Synthesis of Comblike Poly（methyl methacrylate） by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization with Poly（ethyl 2-bromoacrylate） as Macroinitiator

Comblike poly(methyl methacrylate) was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate with poly(ethyl 2-bromoacrylate) as a macroinitiator, which was prepared by conventional free radical polymerization of ethyl 2-bromoacrylate. The obtained comblike polymers were characterized by GPC and ^1H NMR.     

Branched and Self-Crosslinkable Poly(methyl methacrylate)s Prepared via One-Pot Synthesis in Aqueous Emulsion

An approach to the synthesis of highly branched vinyl copolymers containing thiol and C=C crosslinking groups is proposed. This method was exemplified by the emulsion copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) with 2-mercaptoethyl sulfide (MES) as chain transfer agent at 70°C with 4,4′-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) (ACVA) as the initiator. The resulting highly branched copolymers contain both thiol and acryloyl groups. The apparent M_w (by SEC) of the resulting copolymers increased with increasing ACVA concentration, whereas the pendent acryloyl and -SH groups decreased from 6.4% to 0.8% (relative to MMA units) and 45 ×10^?5 to 5 × 10^?5 mol/g, respectively. The copolymers of MMA could be self-crosslinked thermally or by exposure to UV irradiation. The gel fraction of the thermally treated samples decreased from 46% to 7.2%, with the increasing of ACVA in the polymer synthesis, while the gel fraction of UV irradiated samples changed only slightly around 70%.     

An Observation on the Microphase Separation of Poly(methyl methacrylate)-block-Polystyrene Copolymer

The well-ordered structures of block copolymer formed by self-assemble have attracted much attention as potentially interesting optical materials, especially as photonic crystals1,2. In order to achieve desirable photonic crystal properties, the morphologies of block copolymers should be controlled, including obtaining the correct size of domains for the optical frequencies of interest and attainment of long-range domain order and appropriate orientation. We know that the morphology of one blo…     

Synthesis of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Labeled with Fluorescein Moieties via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

Fluorescein chromophore‐labeled poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) with two novel bromine‐containing fluorescein derivatives, 3,6‐bi(2′‐bromo‐2′‐methyl‐propionic acid) fluorescein ester (Fla‐Br) and 3‐(2′‐bromo‐2′‐methyl‐propionic acid) fluorescein ester (Flb‐Br), as the functional initiators, and CuBr/PMDETA as the catalyst, respectively. The above mentioned fluorescein containing bromine were synthesized in our lab. The ATRP of PMMA was proved in a controlled fashion. The resultant PMMA with narrow molecular weight distribution was endowed with the fluorescein chromophore incorporated into the polymer backbone. The presence of the fluorescein labeling of the polymers was confirmed by ¹H‐NMR and GPC trace under UV detector. The UV spectroscopy and fluorescence measurements of the resultant polymer gave further evidence of the functionality of the fluorescein labeling.     

Synthesis of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Labeled with Fluorescein Moieties via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

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通过阴离子型和阳离子型活性链的偶合反应合成甲基丙烯酸甲酯-四氢呋喃嵌段共聚物

两亲性或双亲水性嵌段共聚物在许多领域有重要的应用 ,如用作乳化剂 [1] 、结晶改性剂 [2～ 4 ] 和金属胶体模板物 [5] 等 .借助于活性聚合反应 (阴离子型、阳离子型、基团转移和自由基等 ) ,通过相继加入单体的方式 ,制备出了大量的嵌段共聚物 [6～ 9] ,但这种方法有一定局限性 .对于四氢呋喃与各种 (甲基 )丙烯酸酯的两亲性共聚物的合成 ,由于前者只能进行阳离子型开环聚合 ,而后者则只能进行阴离子聚合和自由基聚合 ,因此难以通过上述方法制得嵌段共聚物 .本文报道了通过 PTHF阳离子型活性链与 PMMA阴离子型活性链偶合反应制备 PMMA…     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯与聚醋酸乙烯酯共混的红外光谱研究

用红外光谱(FTIR)研究了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)与聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)共混体系相容性,在160℃以上共混体系发生相分离;分相体系与非分相体系的FTIR谱明显不同;共混体系的FTIR谱不能从两统组分红外光谱简单加和得到;结果表明大分子构象发生了变化,PMMA/PVAc体系相容可能是大分子构象熵变所致。     

Poly(methyl methacrylate) hollow particles by water-in-oil-in-water emulsion polymerization

Poly(methyl methacrylate) particles having hollow structures were produced by water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion polymerization where sorbitan monooleate (Span80) was used as a primary surfactant and sodium laurylsulfate and Glucopen (APG, polypeptide derivative) were used as secondary surfactants. Urethane acrylate having a molecular structure with a hard segment in the molecular backbone, a long soft segment in the middle, and vinyl groups at both ends was employed as a reactive viscosity enhancer. At low concentration of urethane acrylate, only a few particles contained a void in the polymer phase. However, as the concentration of urethane acrylate increased, the number of the particles containing the void increased. This was because urethane acrylate increased the viscosity of the monomer mixture and helped to form the stable W/O/W emulsion droplets, which possibly restricted droplet coalescence during emulsion polymerization. Moreover, at high concentration of urethane acrylate (above 7 wt%), multi-hollow-structured particles were obtained. It is believed that the increase in the lyophilicity of the monomer mixture caused by urethane acrylate led to stronger interfacial activity of the primary surfactant (Span80) and finally resulted in many internal aqueous droplets. Received: 31 July 1998 Accepted: 13 October 1998     

Poly(methyl methacrylate) dispersions in decane stabilized by a diblock copolymer

In a dispersion polymerization, the monomer is miscible with the reaction medium, while the resulting polymer is insoluble under the same conditions. The macroscopic precipitation of the polymer is prevented by a steric stabilizer. Methyl methacrylate was polymerized in decane in presence of polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-co-propylene) and spherical dispersion particles of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were obtained. The static light scattering yielded molar masses of particles in the range 4 × 10⁷ to 7 × 10⁹ g mol⁻¹. Dynamic light scattering provided the hydrodynamic radii from 60 to 190 nm and also information on the non-uniformity of the particles. The relations between the characteristics of the dispersion particles (concentration of components, particle mass and dimensions, molar mass of PMMA chains, surface density of stabilizing chains, etc.) were looked for. The kinetics of polymerization seems to be only little affected by the colloidal character of the system.     

Synthesis of aromatic dicarboxyl-terminated poly(methyl methacrylate) macromonomers

Hydroxyl- or amino-terminated prepolymers were prepared by radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol or 2-aminoethanethiol hydrochloride, respectively, as a chain transfer agent. The resulting prepolymers were subjected to react with trimellitic anhydride to form aromatic dicarboxyl-terminated poly(methyl methacrylate)s. These condensation-type macromonomers and terephthalic acid were condensed with bisphenol-A to produce polyester–poly(methyl methacrylate) graft copolymers.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(isoprene-b-butyl methacrylate) Block Copolymer in the Presence of Rare Earth Catalyst

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Geminate Pairs and Their Role in Radiation-Induced Conductivity of Poly(methyl methacrylate)

Non-steady-state radiation-induced conductivity of poly(methyl methacrylate) was studied at room and elevated temperatures. It was shown that the conductivity is due to electric polarization of geminate pairs. The evolution of geminate pairs was rationalized in terms of the Rose–Fowler–Weisberg generalized model. The conclusions by the model were compared with the results of previous studies on the kinetics of formation and decay of geminate pairs upon pulse radiolysis or flash photolysis of doped poly(methyl methacrylate).