共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
F. Schinagl H. Iro R. Folk 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》1999,8(1):113-123
Within mean field approximation we investigate the phase diagrams of magnetic fluids in presence of a magnetic field. In a
finite field the magnetic phase transition is absent, but instead a line of first order liquid-liquid transitions ending in
a critical point occurs for a magnetic interaction, which is sufficiently strong. Varying the magnetic field these critical
points extend from the tricritical point at H=0 to a critical endpoint. For a fluid with Ising spins we calculate the critical lines and several tricritical exponents
analytically. For Heisenberg fluids we obtain the phase diagrams from a numerical solution of the mean field equations of
state.
Received 20 March 1998 相似文献
2.
磁共振热疗(magnetic resonance hyperthermia)是近年来新兴的一种纳米医学治疗方法,由磁共振的硬件架构产生特定交变磁场,有效地加热磁性纳米粒子,以直接或间接地杀死癌细胞,体现诊疗一体化。提高磁性纳米粒子的加热效率是当前磁共振热疗领域亟待解决的难题之一。磁性纳米粒子的加热效率不仅与粒子本身的大小、性质以及尺寸分布有关,还和聚集状态有关。该研究利用3D Metropolis蒙特卡罗模拟方法,模拟了不同温度下磁性纳米粒子的磁共振热动力学行为及其团聚与分离现象;并通过修正过的郎之万方程,建立了相变临界温度与外加磁场频率的函数关系。模拟结果显示,磁性纳米粒子悬浮液中多聚体的相对含量随着温度的升高而降低,达到临界温度后,多聚体完全分离成单体;而提高交变磁场频率可以显著降低临界温度,且存在临界频率,高于此临界频率后临界温度不再受外加磁场频率影响,达到稳定。因而在临界频率下预热磁性纳米粒子悬浮液,使得多聚体分离成单体,可优化磁性纳米粒子的热疗效率。 相似文献
3.
Effect of longitudinal applied magnetic field on the self-pinched critical current in intense electron beam diode
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The effect of applied longitudinal magnetic field on the
self-pinched critical current in the intense electron beam diode is discussed.
The self-pinched critical current is derived and its validity is tested by
numerical simulations. The results shows that an applied longitudinal magnetic field
tends to increase the self-pinched critical current. Without the effect of
anode plasma, the maximal diode current approximately equals the
self-pinched critical current with the longitudinal magnetic field
applied; when self-pinched occurs, the diode current approaches the
self-pinched critical current. 相似文献
4.
N.A. Bogolyubov 《Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications》2010,470(7-8):361-364
Our experiments performed earlier have shown that, when an external magnetic field is absent, the transport critical current in 3-d superconducting ceramics is a homogeneous function of the sample transverse sizes. The transport critical current density and magnetic field induced by the current are homogeneous functions of a point on the sample cross-section. Using these experimental results equations describing the induced magnetic field pattern in ceramic sample have been derived. The distributions of the transport critical current density and induced magnetic field in the samples having polygonal, diamond-shaped cross-sections illustrate the results. 相似文献
5.
外加磁场对超导体/半导体/超导体结的临界电流有一定影响。超导结的临界电流与磁场的曲线非常类似于单色光在单狭缝衍射的夫琅和费图样。该文在未考虑外加磁场的超导体/半导体/超导体结的临界电流的基础上,进一步对外加磁场的情形进行了研究,并对其结果借助M athem atica软件做了进一步的讨论。 相似文献
6.
A. Sakurai 《Solid State Communications》1978,25(11):867-869
The effect of critical magnetic scattering is studied in paramagnetic phase of rare earth compounds showing superconductivity and magnetic order. If the exchange coupling between the conduction electrons and the magnetic ions is small the system becomes superconducting between two transition temperatures. The lower one is slightly higher than the magnetic ordering temperature and this is due to the critical magnetic scattering of the conduction electrons. The influence of the lifetime of one electron on the phase transition is briefly discussed. 相似文献
7.
Thermal entanglement in a mixed-spin Heisenberg XXZ model under a nonuniform external magnetic field
The thermal entanglement in (1/2,1) mixed-spin Heisenberg XXZ model is investigated under an external nonuniform magnetic
field. In the uniform magnetic field system, the critical magnetic field B
c and critical temperature T
c are increased by increasing the anisotropic parameter k. The degree of magnetic field b plays an important role in improving the critical temperature and enlarging the region of entanglement in the nonuniform
magnetic field system. 相似文献
8.
A magnetic domain wall (DW) injected and pinned at a notch in a permalloy nanowire is shown to exhibit four well-defined magnetic states, vortex and transverse, each with two chiralities. These states, imaged using magnetic force microscopy, are readily detected from their different resistance values arising from the anisotropic magnetoresistance effect. Whereas distinct depinning fields and critical depinning currents in the presence of magnetic fields are found, the critical depinning currents are surprisingly similar for all four DW states in low magnetic fields. We observe current-induced transformations between these DW states below the critical depinning current which may account for the similar depinning currents. 相似文献
9.
Bergqvist L Eriksson O Kudrnovský J Drchal V Korzhavyi P Turek I 《Physical review letters》2004,93(13):137202
We demonstrate that the magnetic properties of diluted magnetic semiconductors are dominated by short ranged interatomic exchange interactions that have a strong directional dependence. By combining first principles calculations of interatomic exchange interactions with a classical Heisenberg model and Monte Carlo simulations, we reproduce the observed critical temperatures of a broad range of diluted magnetic semiconductors. We also show that agreement between theory and experiment is obtained only when the magnetic atoms are randomly positioned. This suggests that the ordering of diluted magnetic semiconductors is heavily influenced by magnetic percolation, and that the measured critical temperatures should be very sensitive to details in the sample preparation, in agreement with observations. 相似文献
10.
Mechanisms underlying the formation and dynamics of a virtual cathode (VC) in a tubular electron beam subjected to a magnetic
field are studied using a numerical 2D model. Two qualitatively different competing types of space charge dynamics near the
VC are discovered. Which of them predominates depends on the magnetic field strength. The beam current critical density at
which a nonstationary VC forms in the system is also strongly dependent on the magnetic field. It is shown that the optimal
strength of the magnetic field that minimizes the beam current critical density depends on the Brillouin magnetic field. 相似文献
11.
A. N. Lykov A. Yu. Tsvetkov G. F. Zharkov 《Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics》2005,101(2):341-349
Numerical methods are used to analyze the Ginzburg-Landau equations for a superconducting plate carrying transport current in a magnetic field. Critical current is calculated as a function of the applied magnetic field strength for superconducting plates with different thicknesses. The relations between the field dependence of critical current and the distributions of order parameter, magnetic field, and supercurrent in a plate are analyzed. The field-dependent critical currents computed for plates are used to determine the critical current as a function of the applied magnetic field strength and local magnetic field and current distributions for multilayers in parallel magnetic fields. The constituent superconducting layers are assumed to interact only via magnetic field. A simple method is proposed for analyzing the critical states of multilayers in magnetic fields of arbitrary strength, based on elementary transformations of the critical current-density distribution over individual layers in zero applied magnetic field. The method can be used to analyze experimental results. 相似文献
12.
The low speed motion of a fluxon in a Josephson contact containing a periodical system of magnetic inclusions is considered. The existence of fluxon pinning at some distance from the magnetic inclusion is shown. This distance depends both on the structure period and on the parameters of the magnetic inclusions. The critical current of fluxon depinning is obtained. The existence of two different types of critical current is shown: the main critical current of the fluxon leaving the inclusion and a small critical current of the fluxon jumping between neighbouring potential minima. 相似文献
13.
M. Ciszek K. Rogacki J. Karpiński 《Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications》2011,471(21-22):794-797
The DC magnetization and AC magnetic susceptibilities were measured for MgB2 single crystals, unsubstituted and carbon substituted with the composition of Mg(B0.94C0.06)2. AC magnetic losses were derived from the AC susceptibility data as a function of the AC amplitude and the DC bias magnetic field. From the DC magnetization loops critical current densities were derived as a function of temperature and DC field. Results show that the substitution with carbon decreases critical current densities at low external magnetic fields, in contrast to the well known effect of an increase of the critical current densities at higher magnetic fields. 相似文献
14.
We study the stability properties of magnetized strange quark matter and strangelets under a strong magnetic field in the MIT bag model. The free energy per baryon of strange quark matter feels a great influence from the magnetic field. At the field strength about 1017G, the magnetized strange quark matter becomes more stable. Considering the finite size effect, the magnetic influence on strangelets becomes complicated. For a given magnetic field, there exists a critical baryon number, below which the magnetized strangelets have lower energy than the non-magnetized strangelets. For the field strength of 5× 1017G, the critical baryon number is Ac ~ 100. Generally, the critical baryon number increases with the decreasing external magnetic field. When the field strength is smaller than 1017G, the critical baryon number goes up to Ac~ 105. The stable radius, electric charge, and quark flavor fractions of magnetized strangelets are shown. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Shalybkov 《Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics》2012,115(6):1083-1092
The paper addresses the linear stability to axisymmetric perturbations of an incompressible nonideal fluid between two rotating coaxial infinitely long cylinders in a nonuniform axial magnetic field. For conducting cylinders, the results for uniform and nonuniform magnetic fields are qualitatively identical. This is also observed for nonconducting cylinders in a magnetic field with a constant direction. Instability appears for nonconducting cylinders in a magnetic field with a varying direction, whose magnitude exceeds a certain critical value. This new instability also exists in the absence of rotation and, hence, is independent of its parameters. In addition, the critical magnetic field is independent of the magnetic Prandtl number, which facilitates experimental observation of the new instability. 相似文献
16.
17.
We investigate the effects of nonlinear couplings and external magnetic field on the thermal entanglement in a two-spin-qutrit system by applying the concept of negativity. It is found that the nonlinear couplings favor the thermal entanglement creating. Only when the nonlinear couplings ∣K∣ are larger than a certain critical value does the entanglement exist. The dependence of the thermal entanglement in this system on the magnetic field and temperature is also presented. The critical magnetic field increases with the increasing nonlinear couplings constant ∣K∣. And for a fixed nonlinear couplings constant, the critical temperature is independent of the magnetic field B. 相似文献
18.
《Current Applied Physics》2015,15(10):1245-1250
Perovskite manganite La0.4Bi0.6Mn1−xTixO3 (x = 0.05 and 0.1) synthesized using conventional solid state route method give rise to critical phenomenon in their magnetic interactions due to the substitution of non magnetic Ti ions. The critical behavior is observed near paramagnetic–ferromagnetic transition and is studied by magnetization measurements. Various techniques like Modified Arrott plot, Kouvel–Fisher method, scaling equation of state analysis and the critical magnetization isotherm were used to analyze the magnetization data on magnetic phase transition. The values of critical exponents β and γ obtained using different techniques are in good agreement. The obtained critical exponents are found to follow scaling equation with the magnetization data scaled into two different curves below and above the transition temperature, TC. This confirms that the critical exponents and TC are reasonably accurate. The obtained critical exponents for both the samples deviates from mean-field model and do not completely follow the static long range ferromagnetic ordering. This behavior is consistent with non magnetic nature of Ti substituted at Mn site and can be associated with Griffiths phase like phenomenon. 相似文献
19.
S. L. Ginzburg A. V. Nakin N. E. Savitskaya 《Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics》2006,103(5):747-755
The critical state of a two-dimensional discrete superconductor in an external magnetic field is studied. This state is found to be self-organized in the generalized sense, i.e., is a set of metastable states that transform to each other by means of avalanches. An avalanche is characterized by the penetration of a magnetic flux to the system. The sizes of the occurring avalanches, i.e., changes in the magnetic flux, exhibit the power-law distribution. It is also shown that the size of the avalanche occurring in the critical state and the external magnetic field causing its change are statistically independent quantities. 相似文献
20.
本文指出虽然三十年来Ginzberg-Landau理论(以下简称G-理论)被人们广泛地用于描述超导薄膜的临界场,而且它还是描述强耦合超导薄膜临界场的唯一理论,但G-L关于薄膜临界场的理论不仅一直未得到实验证明,而且它既不能用于描述结晶态的弱耦合超导薄膜的临界场,也不适用于描述强耦合超导薄膜的临界场。本文还提出了一个在薄膜极限下定域的新判据:ξ<<λ,ξ<关键词: 相似文献