Reaction of Zinc Enolates of Alkyl Esters of Substituted 4-Bromo-3-Oxoalkanoic Acids with Aldehydes

Zinc enolates formed from ethyl 4-bromo-2,2,4-trimethyl-3-oxopentanoate react under the conditions of one- of two-stage synthesis with aliphatic, unsaturated, or aromatic aldehydes to form 6-R-2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydropyran-2,4-diones. Zinc enolates obtained from ethyl 4-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxopentanoate, -hexanoate, and -2,2,5-trimethyl-3-oxohexanoate under the similar conditions react with aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes to give mainly 5-R¹-6-R²-3,3-dimethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydropyran-2,4-diones as E or Z isomers or their mixtures. Zinc enolates generated from the ethyl 4-bromo-2,2-diethyl- or 2-benzyl-2-ethyl-3-oxobutanoates react with aromatic aldehydes to give ethyl 5-R-2-R-2-ethyl-3-oxo-4-pentenoates as E isomers.     

Synthesis of heterocycles. Part VI. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some 4-amino-5-aryl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and their derivatives

4-Amino-5-aryi-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones I react with acid chlorides to yield 4-acylamino-5-aryl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones II. Compounds I also react with methylene iodide, chloroacetonitrile and methyl bromoacetate to give bis-(4-amino-5-aryl-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio)methanes III, 4-amino-5-aryl-3-cyanomethylthio-1,2,4-triazoles IV and 4-amino-5-aryl-3-carbomethoxymethylthio-1,2,4-triazoles V, respectively. Compounds V react with hydrazine hydrate to give the corresponding acid hydrazides VI which in turn condenses with acid chlorides and aldehydes to afford respectively 1-[(4-amino-5-aryl-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio)acetyl]-2-aroylhydrazines VII and aryl methylene (4-amino-5-aryl-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio)acethydrazones VIII. The antimicrobial activities of the above compounds were screened against different strains of bacteria and fungi.     

2-Alkynylcyclopent-2-enols from 2-Alkynylcyclohex-2-enones via 1-Alkynyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-ones

2-Alkynylcyclohex-2-enones 1a–c and 2a–c react with H₂O₂/NaOH in MeOH to afford 1-alkynyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-ones 3a–c and 4a–c , respectively. The 3-unsubstituted bicyclic epoxy ketones 3a, 3b , and 4a, 4b react further with H₂O₂/NaOH, undergoing ring contraction and (formal) decarbonylation to give 2-alkynylcy-clopent-2-enols 5a, 5b , and 6a, 6b , respectively. Epoxy ketones 3 are also obtained under neutral conditions on irradiation (λ = 350 nm) of cyclohexenones 1 in air-saturated benzene solution. Similarly, under neutral conditions oxo-cycloalkenecarbonitriles 8 react (thermally) with H₂O₂ in MeCN to give the oxabicyclic carbonitriles 9 .     

4-phenyl-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-c] furazans. The reactions of 3,4-dacylfuroxans with phenylhydrazine and with aniline

Three different 3,4-diaeylfuroxans (1) are shown to give 3-substituted-l-phenyl-4,5-dioximino-2-pyrazolines (2) upon reaction with phenylhydrazine. The compounds 2 were dehydrated to 6-sul)stituted-4-phenyl-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]furazans. ( 3 ) and thermally converted to 3-substituted 5-imino-4-oximino-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolines ( 6 ). The compounds 1 react with aniline to give 3-anilino-4-acylfurazans ( 10 ).     

Reactions of zinc enolates derived from 1-aryl-2-bromo-2-phenylethanone and 2-bromoindan-1-one with alkyl 2-oxochromene-and 6-bromo-2-oxochromene-3-carboxylates

Zinc enolates derived from 1-aryl-2-bromo-2-phenylethanone react with alkyl 2-oxochromene-3-carboxylates and methyl 6-bromo-2-oxochromene-3-carboxylate to give, respectively, alkyl 4-(2-aryl-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl)-2-oxochroman-3-carboxylates and methyl 6-bromo-4-(2-aryl-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl)-2-oxochroman-3-carboxylate as a single stereoisomer. Zinc enolates derived from 2-bromoindan-1-one react with alkyl 2-oxochromene-3-carboxylates to give alkyl 2-oxo-4-(1-oxoindan-2-yl)chroman-3-carboxylates as a single stereoisomer.     

Synthesis of bipyrazoles and pyrazoloisoxazoles from 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one

Phenylhydrazine or hydrazine react with 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one ( 1 ) to give 4-acetoacetyl-3-methylpyrazolin-5-ones 4 . The synthesis of bipyrazoles and pyrazoloisoxazoles from 4 are reported.     

Lithiation of 3-(Acylamino)-2-unsubstituted-, 3-(Acylamino)-2-ethyl-, and 3-(Acylamino)-2-propyl-4(3H)-quinazolinones: Convenient Syntheses of More Complex Quinazolinones(1)

3-(Pivaloylamino)- and 3-(acetylamino)-4(3H)-quinazolinones react with alkyllithium reagents to give 1,2-addition products in very good yields. Lithiation takes place with LDA and is regioselective at position 2. The lithium reagents thus obtained react with a variety of electrophiles to give the corresponding substituted derivatives in very good yields. Reactions of the lithium reagents with iodine give oxidatively dimerized cyclic structures. 3-(Pivaloylamino)- and 3-(acetylamino)-2-ethyl-4(3H)-quinazolinones and 3-(pivaloylamino)- and 3-(acetylamino)-2-propyl-4(3H)-quinazolinones are lithiated at the benzylic position with LDA. The lithium reagents so produced also react with a variety of electrophiles to give the corresponding 2-substituted-4(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives in very good yields. However, lithiation of 3-(acylamino)-2-(1-methylethyl)-4(3H)-quinazolinones was unsuccessful, as were lithiations of compounds having a diacetylamino group at position 3. The amide groups have been cleaved in good yield under basic or acidic conditions from some of the products to provide access to the free amino compounds.     

Some Novel Quinone-Type Compounds Containing Arylseleno Groups Derived from Tetrachloro-1, 4-Benzoquinone and 2, 3-Dichloro-1, 4-Naphthoquinone

Tetrachloro-1, 2-benzoquinone and 2, 3-dichloro-1, 4-naphthoquinone react with a series of aryl and alkyl selenolate, generated either by the reaction of Grignard reagents and selenium powder or by the reduction of diselenides with NaBH₄, to give 3, 6-diarylseleno-2, 5-dichloro-1, 4-benzoquinones 3 and 2, 3-diarylseleno-1, 4-naphthoquinones 4 in good yields.     

Reaction of Ethyl 6-Alkyl(aryl)-4-chloromethyl-2-methylpyridine-3-carboxylates with Ammonia and Primary Amines

Ethyl 6-alkyl(aryl)-4-chloromethyl-2-methylpyridine-3-carboxylates react with ammonia andprimary amines to give 6-substituted 3-alkyl(aryl)-1-methyl-1'2-dihydropyrrolo[3'4-c]pyridin-7-ones.The reactions with 4-aminopyridine yield ethyl 6-alkyl(aryl)-2-methyl-4-(4-pyridylaminomethyl)pyridine-3-carboxylates.     

Reactions of 2- and 4-methylpyrylium salts with ethyl orthoformate

Under mild conditions 2- and 4-methylpyrylium salts react with ethyl orthoformate to give their β-ethoxyvinyl derivatives. Symmetrical and unsymmetrical cyanine dyes were synthesized by heating the latter with 2- and 4-methylpyrylium salts or N-methylquinaldinium perchlorate. The pyrylocyanines react with perchloric acid to give bispyrylium salts, and they are converted to the corresponding pyridine bases by the action of ammonium acetate.     

Reactivity of 3-formyl- and 3-cyanothiochromones toward some N- and C-nucleophiles. Novel synthesis of 3-substituted 2-aminothiochromones

The reactions of 3-formylthiochromone with o-phenylenediamines, o-aminobenzenethiol, and indoles proceeded at the aldehyde group to give 3-(benzimidazol-2-yl)thiochromone, 3-(benzothiazol-2-yl)thiochromone, and 3-di(indol-3-yl)methylthiochromones, respectively. 3-Formyl- and 3-cyanothiochromones react with primary aromatic amines and phenylhydrazine to give the corresponding anils and phenylhydrazones of 3-formyl- and 2-amino-3-formylthiochromones. The reaction of 3-cyanochromones with o-phenylenediamines gave 2-amino-3-[(2-aminophenyl)iminomethyl]-4H-chromen-4-ones.     

Co-condensation of 2-aminopyridine,aromatic aldehydes,and ketones

The co-condensation of 2-aminopyridine with aromatic aldehydes and ketones proceeds via the initial formation from the amine and the benzaldehydes of (2-pyridylamino)aryl carbinols, which then react with p-nitroacetophenone to give 3-aryl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-(2-pyridylamino)-1-propanones and 3-aryl-1-nitrophenylprop-2-en-1-ones, or with antipyrine to give (2-pyridylamino)aryl-(4-antipyryl)methanes and aryl(diantipyryl)methanes.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1077–1081, August, 1987.     

2-(3-ethyl-2,2-dimethylcyclobutyl-methyl)-4(3H)-quinazolinones

Anthranilic acid and its 5-bromo and 4-chloro derivatives react with pinanoic and pinonoic acid chlorides to give the corresponding N-acyl derivatives. The pinanoyl derivatives give the corresponding 2-(3-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-cyclobutylmethyl)-4-(3H)-quinazolinones when refluxed in formamide. Pinanoylanthranilic acid reacts with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to give 2-(3-ethyl-2,2-dimethylcyclobutylmethyl)benz-3,1-oxazin-4(H)-one and subsequently with hydrazine hydrate to give 3-amino-2-(3-ethyl-2,2-dimethylcyclobutylmethyl)-4(3H)-quinazolinone. Refluxing of the pinanoyl- and pinonoylanthranilic acids with acetic anhydride gives acetylanthranilic acid, and pinonoylanthranilic acid gives 4(3H)-quinazolinone with formamide.Riga Technical University, Riga LV-1658, Latvia; e-mail: marina@osi.lanet.lv. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 811–817, June, 1999.     

Conversion of 2, 5-diphenyl-1, 3,4-oxadiazole to 3, 5-diphenyl-4-aryl-1, 2, 4-triazoles

2, 5-Diphenyl-1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles are shown to react with aromatic amines on heating, to give 2, 5-diphenyl-4-aryl-1, 2, 4-triazoles.     

Reactions of 2-acyl-1,3-indandiones with monosubstituted hydrazines and hydrazides

Methyl- and phenylhydrazines react with 2-(diphenylacetyl)-1,3-indandione ( 1 ) to yield respectively the 1-(methylhydrazone) and the 1-(phenylhydrazone) of 2-(diphenylacetyl)-1,3-indandione ( 2a and 2b ). In comparison, acetic and benzoic acid hydrazides react with 1 to give respectively the α-(acetylhydrazone) and the α-(benzoylhydrazone) of 2-(diphenylacetyl)-1,3-indandione ( 3a and 3b ). Cyclization of 2a and 2b gives 2,3-disubstituted indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(2H)-ones ( 7a and 7b ). Cyclization of 3a and 3b , followed by methylation, gives 1-methyl- and 2-methyl-3-(diphenylmethyl)indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1 and 2H)-ones ( 9a and 9b ). 2-Isovaleryl-1,3-indandione reacts with phenylhydrazine to give directly 3-isobutyl-1-phenylindeno[1,2-c]-pyrazol-4(1H)-one ( 10 ).     

THE REACTION OF CARBOXYLIC ACID CHLORIDES WITH 2,4-BIS(4-METHOXYPHENYL)-1,3,2,4-DITHIADIPHOSPHETANE 2,4-DISULFIDE

Abstract

Carboxylic acid chlorides react with 2,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane 2,4- disulfide to give the intermediates 2a,b; 2'a,b) which are useful as thioacylating agents. Compounds 2 react with amines under mild conditions to give the corresponding thioamides.     

Alkylation of 2-methylthio-4-hydroxypyrimidines by methyl bromoacetate

2-Methylthio-4-hydroxypyrimidines react with methylbromoacetate in methanol-sodium methoxide solution to give O- and N₍₃₎-alkylated products, namely, 2-methylthio-4-(methoxycarbonyl)methoxypyrimidines and 2-methylthio-3-(methoxy-carbonyl)methylpyrimid-4-ones.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1520–1522, November, 1987.     

Azines and azoles: CXXIV. New synthesis of 2-oxochromene-3-carboxamides

2-Aryl-4-hydroxy-6H-1,3-thiazin-6-ones react with substituted 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes in polar solvents to give N-arylcarbothioyl-2-oxochromene-3-carboxamides in 60–70% yield.     

Chiral palladium complexes with monoterpenoids oximes

Oximes of cis-caran-4-one, 3α- and 3β-hydroxycaran-4-ones, cis-verbanone, menthone, and 2β-hydroxybornan-3-one have been synthesized. The obtained oximes react with lithium tetrachloropalladate to give new chiral palladium complexes containing mono-or bidentate oxime ligands.     

Intra- and intermolecular reactions of indoles with alkynes catalyzed by gold

Indoles react intramolecularly with alkynes in the presence of gold catalysts to give from six- to eight-membered-ring annulated compounds. The cationic Au(I) complex [Au(P{C(6)H(4)(o-Ph)}(tBu)(2))(NCMe)]SbF(6) is the best catalyst for the formation of six- and seven-membered rings by 6-endo-dig, 6-exo-dig, and 7-exo-dig cyclizations. Indoloazocines are selectively obtained with AuCl(3) as catalyst in a rare 8-endo-dig process. In this process allenes or tetracyclic annulated derivatives are also formed as a result of an initial fragmentation reaction. The intermolecular reaction of indoles with alkynes proceeds to form 3-alkenylated intermediates that react with a second equivalent of indole to give bisindolyl derivatives. Indoles that are substituted at the 3-position react intermolecularly with alkynes to give 2-alkenylated intermediates that can be trapped intramolecularly with the appropriate nucleophiles.