NaI（TI）对6．13MeV-γ射线的长管体源的探测效率的测量

导出了核动力反应堆一回路^16N的泄漏率与γ射线探测器的计数率、高压蒸气流速、^16N的衰变常量及其发射γ射线的概率和效率的关系式，并得出效率与高压蒸气流速和^16N的衰变常量等无关的结论．用发射6．13MeV-γ射线的PuC点源测量了NaI(TI)探测器对长管体源的相对效率的空间分布和参考点的绝对效率，据此计算出长管体源的效率，效率的测量值与MC法的计算值在7％之内符合．分析了6．13和7．12MeV-γ射线的效率差异对^16N泄漏率和Compton小角散射的次级γ射线对收敛长度的影响．     

不同射线能量及线衰减系数条件下体源探测效率的函数模型

基于放射性废物桶内所含介质材料和放射性核素分段均匀分布的假设, 采用蒙特卡罗程序模拟计算多种射线能量、多种样品密度条件下的线衰减系数和体源探测效率, 通过多元非线性拟合得到以线衰减系数和能量为自变量的体源探测效率函数。基于壳源法, 通过多个点源组合测试近似替代均匀体源的实验测量, 对3种能量射线和3种密度的样品进行验证实验, 利用蒙卡模拟与数值拟合结合方法和实验测量两种方式获得各自的体源探测效率, 完成活度估算。两种方式活度估算结果相对误差均小于23%。通过蒙卡模拟与数值拟合结合方法所得结果与实验结果基本吻合, 证明了该方法的有效性。     

闪烁探测器Nal(TI)对γ射线的光峰效率刻度

在辐射的探测与测量中,精确的效率刻度是绝对强度测量必不可少的步骤。本工作是为研究磁约束聚变装置(托卡马克)在放电过程中的逃逸电子成分及硬X射线绝对辐射强度而作的实验准备工作。     

The Efficiency Mearurement of NaI(Tl) Detector for a Long Tube Volume Source of 6.13MeV Gamma-Ray

The relation of the ¹⁶N leak rate of the nuclear reactor to the efficiency and counting rate of γ–ray detector, velocity of high pressure vapor, is deduced. a conclusion of the efficiency independent on the velocity of high pressure vapor and decay constant of ¹⁶N is drawn. experimentally the space distribution of the relative efficiencies and the absolute efficiency at a refe~rence point are measured with Puc source emiting 6.13mev gamma ray detected by nai(tl) counter. The measured efficiency is consistent with monte carlo calculation in 7%. the compton small angle scattering contribution to the convergence length and the effect of the energy difference between 7.12mev and 6.13mev gamma ray on measured ¹⁶N leak rate are discussed.     

A multi NaI(Tl) detector array for medium energyγ-ray spectroscopy

An array of seven hexagonal NaI(Tl) detectors has been set up for measuringγ-ray spectra in the energy region 5 MeV ≤E _γ ≤ 40 MeV with good accuracy. This is in contrast to earlier set ups which mostly used one large sized (about 10 inchesφ × 15 inches long)NaI(Tl) detector. This set up has been made for the study ofγ decay of GDR based on high spin states and ultra-dipole radiations. The array has been provided with the following features: a) TOF discrimination against neutrons, b) pile up detection and elimination, c) active and passive shielding to cut down background and d) an array of trigger counters for multiplicity dependence measurements. The well known program EGS4 has been used to determine the response of the array forγ-rays in the energy region 5–40 MeV and several test measurements have been carried out to confirm the validity of the calculated response functions. Some typicalγ-ray spectra fromα and¹⁶O induced reactions measured at VECC, Calcutta and Pelletron accelerator at TIFR are also shown.     

狭长CsI(Tl)闪烁体发光效率的研究

提出了基于狭长CsI（Tl）闪烁体和面阵CCD器件,采用光纤和光纤面板进行光耦合及传输,以扇形束线阵扫描方式实现对X射线探测与成像的工业X-CT系统探测器方案.基此,通过物理分析及数学建模,利用Matlab模拟研究了X光能量小于450 keV时狭长CsI（Tl）闪烁体的发光效率等性能指标.研究结果表明：当光电吸收截面μph和康普顿吸收截面μc分别为0.000313和0.0000295、反射层反射系数R和衬底反射系数Rs分别取0.95和0.8、荧光线性吸收系数σ取0.000222 μm－1时,得到狭长CsI(Tl)闪烁晶体的长度l、高度h和宽度w取值范围分别是926～4512 μm、242～5000 μm和242～5000 μm的结论.在此范围内,既可使闪烁晶体有较好的空间分辨率又可获得最高的发光效率.     

Measurement of the total reaction cross section for the mirror nuclei ~(12)N and ~(12)B

The mirror nuclei ~(12)N and ~(12)B are separated by the Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou (RIBLL)at HIRFL from the breakup of 78.6 MeV/u ~(14)N on a Be target. The total reaction cross-sections of ~(12)N at 34.9 MeV/u and ~(12)B at 54.4 MeV/u on a Si target have been measured by using the transmission method.Assuming ~(12)N consists of a ~(11)C core plus one halo proton, the excitation function of ~(12)N and ~(12)B on a Si target and a C target were calculated with the Glauber model. It can fit the experimental data very well. The characteristic halo structure for ~(12)N was found with a large diffusion of the protons density distribution.     

Si-Csl（TI）望远镜探测系统用于大动态范围空间重离子鉴别与测量的研究

太阳极轨射电望远镜（SPORT）是一颗从事太阳活动研究的卫星。重离子探测仪是其中的高能粒子探测仪的关键组成部分。鉴于重离子探测仪对多种类离子（2 ≤ Z ≤ 26）的鉴别和大范围能段（8～300 MeV/u）的测量需求,中国科学院近代物理研究所设计并研制了一套Si-CsI（Tl）望远镜探测系统样机,这套望远镜系统由1个Si探测器、1个入射面为正六边形的CsI（Tl）晶体及其专用电子学系统构成。利用兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环系统（HIRFL-CSR）提供的高品质束流对这套望远镜探测系统样机进行了在束测试,完成了种类为2 ≤ Z ≤ 18的重离子直接测量与鉴别,利用直接测量的重离子,进行外推得到,最高测量要求的300MeV/u Fe离子也在设计要求的范围内。实验结果显示这套望远镜探测器样机满足空间中对大范围能段重离子探测的设计需求,该套方案为SPORT计划中的重离子探测仪的设计及建造奠定了很好的技术基础。Solar Polar Orbit Radio Telescope (SPORT) project, aimed at solar activities and solar atmosphere, is a satellite-borne apparatus which is composed by many sub-payloads and is under development in China. High Energy Heavy Ion Telescope (HEHIT) is one of most key sub-payloads in this project, and the main purpose of HEHIT is to identify space heavy ions (2 ≤ Z ≤ 26) with a broad energy range (8～300 MeV/u). In this paper, a prototype telescope of HEHIT, which includes a silicon detector, a CsI(Tl) crystal with regular hexagonal incident plane and customized electronic system, has been developed in the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IMP, CAS). To obtain the performance of the prototype telescope, this telescope was tested with high quality beams provided by the accelerator of Heavy Ions Facility and Cooler-Storage-Ring in Lanzhou (HIRFL-CSR). The heavy ions ranging from Z =2 to Z =18 were clearly identified and measured from the beam test and an extrapolation was also done reasonably and it showed that the prototype detector could meet the requirement of t Fe(Z =26) with energy up to 300 MeV/u. In a word, this prototype telescope could satisfy the requirements of the measured heavy ions in the future SPORT project and this scheme of telescope will provide a favorable technique in the future design and construction of HEHIT.