Absolute Continuity in Periodic Waveguides

We study second order elliptic operators with periodic coefficientsin two-dimensional simply connected periodic waveguides withthe Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. It is proved thatunder some mild smoothness restrictions on the coefficients,such operators have purely absolutely continuous spectra. Theproof follows a method suggested previously by A. Morame totackle periodic operators with variable coefficients in dimension2. 2000 Mathematical Subject Classification: 35J10, 35P05, 35J25.     

Elliptic operators and maximal regularity on periodic little-H?lder spaces

We consider one-dimensional inhomogeneous parabolic equations with higher-order elliptic differential operators subject to periodic boundary conditions. In our main result we show that the property of continuous maximal regularity is satisfied in the setting of periodic little-H?lder spaces, provided the coefficients of the differential operator satisfy minimal regularity assumptions. We address parameter-dependent elliptic equations, deriving invertibility and resolvent bounds which lead to results on generation of analytic semigroups. We also demonstrate that the techniques and results of the paper hold for elliptic differential operators with operator-valued coefficients, in the setting of vector-valued functions.     

Deterministic homogenization of non-linear non-monotone degenerate elliptic operators

Deterministic homogenization has been till now applied to the study of monotone operators, the determination of the limiting problem being systematically based on the monotonicity of the operator under consideration. Here we mean to show that deterministic homogenization also tackle non-monotone operators. More precisely, under an abstract general hypothesis, we study the homogenization of non-linear non-monotone degenerate elliptic operators. We obtain some general homogenization result, which result is applied to the resolution of several concrete homogenization problems such as the periodic homogenization and the almost periodic homogenization problems. Our main tool is the theory of homogenization structures.     

Almost Periodic Solutions to a Stochastic Differential Equation in Hilbert Spaces

In this paper, we prove the existence and uniqueness of quadratic mean almost periodic mild solutions for a class of stochastic differential equations in a real separable Hilbert space. The main technique is based upon an appropriate composition theorem combined with the Banach contraction mapping principle and an analytic semigroup of linear operators.     

Toeplitz operators with frequency modulated semi-almost periodic symbols

It is well known that amplitude modulation does not affect Fredholmness of Toeplitz operators. The same is true for frequency modulation provided the symbol of the operator is piecewise continuous. In this article, it is shown that frequency modulation can destroy Fredholmness for Toeplitz operators with almost periodic symbols; the corresponding example is based on the observation that certain almost periodic functions become semi-almost periodic functions after appropriate frequency modulation. Moreover, this article contains several results that can be employed in order to decide whether a Toeplitz operator with a frequency modulated semi-almost periodic symbol is Fredholm.     

Spectral Asymptotics for Schrödinger Operators with Periodic Point Interactions

Spectrum of the second-order differential operator with periodic point interactions in L₂(R) is investigated. Classes of unitary equivalent operators of this type are described. Spectral asymptotics for the whole family of periodic operators are calculated. It is proven that the first several terms in the asymptotics determine the class of equivalent operators uniquely. It is proven that the spectrum of the operators with anomalous spectral asymptotics (when the ratio between the lengths of the bands and gaps tends to zero at infinity) can be approximated by standard periodic “weighted” operators with step-wise density functions. It is shown that this sequence of periodic weighted operators converges in the norm resolvent sense to the formal (generalized) resolvent of the periodic “Schrödinger operator” with certain energy-dependent boundary conditions. The operator acting in an extended Hilbert space such that its resolvent restricted to L₂(R) coincides with the formal resolvent is constructed explicitly.     

Pseudodifferential Operators on Periodic Graphs

The main aim of the paper is Fredholm properties of a class of bounded linear operators acting on weighted Lebesgue spaces on an infinite metric graph Γ which is periodic with respect to the action of the group \mathbb Zⁿ{{\mathbb {Z}}^n} . The operators under consideration are distinguished by their local behavior: they act as (Fourier) pseudodifferential operators in the class OPS ⁰ on every open edge of the graph, and they can be represented as a matrix Mellin pseudodifferential operator on a neighborhood of every vertex of Γ. We apply these results to study the Fredholm property of a class of singular integral operators and of certain locally compact operators on graphs.     

Averaging principle and hyperbolic evolution equations

An averaging principle is derived for the abstract nonlinear evolution equation where the almost periodic right hand-side is a continuous perturbation of the time-dependent family of linear operators determining a linear evolution system. It generalizes classical Henry’s results for perturbations of sectorial operators on fractional spaces. It is also proved that the main hypothesis of the nonlinear averaging principle is satisfied for general hyperbolic evolution equations introduced by Kato.     

Invertibility Conditions for Second-Order Differential Operators in the Space of Continuous Bounded Functions

We prove the invertibility of second-order differential operators with constant operator coefficients acting on the Banach space of bounded continuous functions on the real line under the condition that they are uniformly injective (in particular, left invertible) or surjective (in particular, right invertible). We show that if these operators are considered on the space of periodic functions, then the unilateral invertibility does not imply the invertibility of such operators. We obtain criteria for the injectivity, surjectivity, and invertibility of differential operators on the space of periodic functions.     

Pseudo-almost Periodic and Pseudo-almost Automorphic Solutions to Evolution Equations in Hilbert Spaces

In this work we prove some existence and uniqueness results for pseudo-almost periodic and pseudo-almost automorphic solutions to a class of semi-linear differential equations in Hilbert spaces using theoretical measure theory. The main technique is based upon some appropriate composition theorems combined with the Banach contraction mapping principle and the method of the invariant subspaces for unbounded linear operators. A few illustrative examples will be discussed at the end of the paper.     

Sarason interpolation and Toeplitz corona theorem for almost periodic matrix functions

Sarason interpolation and Toeplitz corona problems are studied for almost periodic matrix functions. Recent results on almost periodic factorization and related generalized Toeplitz operators are the main tools in the study.Supported in part by NSF Grant DMS 9500912Supported in part by NATO Collaborative Research Grant 950332Supported by NSF Grant DMS 9500924     

具有饱和项的捕食食饵系统正周期解的存在性

By the theory of periodic parabolic operators, Shauder estimates and bifurcation, the existence of positive periodic solutions for periodic prey-predator model with saturation is discussed. The necessary and sufficient conditions to coexistence of periodic system are obtained.     

The two straight line approach for periodic diffraction boundary-value problems

Boundary-transmission problems of first order for the Helmholtz equation are considered within the context of wave diffraction by a periodic strip grating and formulated as convolution type operators acting on a Bessel potential periodic space setting. Two boundary-value problems are studied for an arbitrary geometry of the grating: the oblique derivative and the classic Neumann boundary-value problems. The convolution type operators on the grating which correspond to the given boundary-transmission problems are associated with Toeplitz operators acting on spaces of matrix functions defined on composed contours. A Fredholm theory for periodic boundary-value problems of first order is established independently of the grating period and the Fredholm indices for the oblique derivative and the classic Neumann boundary-value problems are given.     

$$L^p$$Lp-Boundedness and $$L^p$$Lp-Nuclearity of Multilinear Pseudo-differential Operators on $${\mathbb {Z}}^n$$Zn and the Torus $${\mathbb {T}}^n$$Tn

In this article, we begin a systematic study of the boundedness and the nuclearity properties of multilinear periodic pseudo-differential operators and multilinear discrete pseudo-differential operators on \(L^p\)-spaces. First, we prove analogues of known multilinear Fourier multipliers theorems (proved by Coifman and Meyer, Grafakos, Tomita, Torres, Kenig, Stein, Fujita, Tao, etc.) in the context of periodic and discrete multilinear pseudo-differential operators. For this, we use the periodic analysis of pseudo-differential operators developed by Ruzhansky and Turunen. Later, we investigate the s-nuclearity, \(0<s \le 1,\) of periodic and discrete pseudo-differential operators. To accomplish this, we classify those s-nuclear multilinear integral operators on arbitrary Lebesgue spaces defined on \(\sigma \)-finite measures spaces. We also study similar properties for periodic Fourier integral operators. Finally, we present some applications of our study to deduce the periodic Kato–Ponce inequality and to examine the s-nuclearity of multilinear Bessel potentials as well as the s-nuclearity of periodic Fourier integral operators admitting suitable types of singularities.

     

Continuity properties of the integrated density of states on manifolds

We first analyze the integrated density of states (IDS) of periodic Schrödinger operators on an amenable covering manifold. A criterion for the continuity of the IDS at a prescribed energy is given along with examples of operators with both continuous and discontinuous IDS. Subsequently, alloy-type perturbations of the periodic operator are considered. The randomness may enter both via the potential and the metric. A Wegner estimate is proven which implies the continuity of the corresponding IDS. This gives an example of a discontinuous “periodic” IDS which is regularized by a random perturbation.     

On the characterization of the smoothness of skew-adjoint potentials in periodic Dirac operators

In this paper we consider periodic Dirac operators with skew-adjoint potentials in a large class of weighted Sobolev spaces. We characterize the smoothness of such potentials by asymptotic properties of the periodic spectrum of the corresponding Dirac operators.     

Existence of a periodic solution for continuous and discrete periodic second-order equations with variable potentials

Green’s functions for new second-order periodic differential and difference equations with variable potentials are found, then used as kernels in integral operators to guarantee the existence of a positive periodic solution to continuous and discrete second-order periodic boundary value problems with periodic coefficient functions. A new version of the Leggett-Williams fixed point theorem is employed.     

Remarks on Nonlinear Neumann Problems in Periodic Domains

We study a semilinear elliptic equation Au = f(x, u) with nonlinear Neumann boundary condition Bu = φ(ξ, u) in an unbounded domain Ω ? ?ⁿ, the boundary of which is defined by periodic functions. We assume that f and φ and the coefficients of the operators are asymptotically periodic in the space variables. Our main result states the existence of an asymptotically decaying, nontrivial solution of this problem with minimal energy. The proof is based on the concentration-compactness principle.     

Quasi-banded operators,convolutions with almost periodic or quasi-continuous data,and their approximations

We study the stability and Fredholm property of the finite sections of quasi-banded operators acting on L^p$L^p$ spaces over the real line. This family is significantly larger than the set of band-dominated operators, but still permits to derive criteria for the stability and results on the splitting property, as well as an index formula in the form as it is known for the classical cases. In particular, this class covers convolution type operators with semi-almost periodic and quasi-continuous symbols, and operators of multiplication by slowly oscillating, almost periodic or even more general coefficients.     

Spreading speeds for monostable equations with nonlocal dispersal in space periodic habitats

The current paper is devoted to the study of spatial spreading dynamics of monostable equations with nonlocal dispersal in spatially periodic habitats. In particular, the existence and characterization of spreading speeds is considered. First, a principal eigenvalue theory for nonlocal dispersal operators with space periodic dependence is developed, which plays an important role in the study of spreading speeds of nonlocal periodic monostable equations and is also of independent interest. In terms of the principal eigenvalue theory it is then shown that the monostable equation with nonlocal dispersal has a spreading speed in every direction in the following cases: the nonlocal dispersal is nearly local; the periodic habitat is nearly globally homogeneous or it is nearly homogeneous in a region where it is most conducive to population growth in the zero-limit population. Moreover, a variational principle for the spreading speeds is established.